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Meeting of Modern Science and School Physics: College for School Teachers of Physics in ICTP

Albert Stasenko

27 April - 3 May, 2011

Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology Moscow

Russian Federation

Physics of flight (aerodynamics)

PROFESSOR ALBERT L. STASENKO

MOSCOW INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS AND TECHNOLOGY

(NATIONAL RESEARCH UNIVERSITY)DEPARTMENT OF AEROMECHANICS

AND FLIGHT ENGINEERING

Physics of Flight

Meeting of Modern Sci. and School Physics: College for School Teachers of Physics in ICTP 27 April 3 May 2011

A.L. Stasenko

Principal topics1. General aerodynamic force2. Parachute area3. An aircraft leans against the earth surface4. Those dangerous vortices (animations)5. An Eagle and a Sparrow6. Reactive movement7. Flight and potential energy8. That huge ORION Project9. Does the “cosmic cold” exit?10. Reentry corridor11. Vehicle heat-proof

A.L. Stasenko

A flyer presses upon the earth surface

A fly sits A fly flies

??

Momentum flux equalsto the weight of a flyer

Z

Y

A.L. Stasenko

Descending aircraft vorticesin the calm atmosphere

Aircraft position y = 0, -1 < z < 1

A.L. Stasenko

Aircraft meets an alien vortex(see up and right)

A.L. Stasenko

The same, an alien vortex of the opposite size

A.L. Stasenko

PRINCIPAL AERODYNAMIC FORCE

DEPENDS ON ρ v L

3mkg

sm m

or Γρ LVF ~ (Kutta – Zhukovsky)

LV~Γ sm2

– circulation,

222

smkgN,~ ⋅=ρ LVF

A.L. Stasenko

What parachute area needed?

S⊥ ~

m g ≈ ρV2 S⊥,

sm5≤V

2

2

2

3

22

2m40

sm25

mkg1

sm10kg10

≈⋅

⋅≈

ρV

gm

A.L. Stasenko

Evaporating layer

A cloud of fragments

Front of electromagnetic radiation

The step-by-step acceleration of the vehicleis provided with the explosions of atom bombs

The huge ORION Project

A.L. Stasenko

Interplanetary mission from the point of view of potential energy

Pluto

Earth

VenusJupiter

Sun

Potential energy of a body in dependence on its distance from the Sun center(the case of “parade of planet”)

A.L. Stasenko

MRTp ρ=

constMRTu =+ 2

52

2

E.K. Tsiolkovsky formula

0

lnm

m

u

u

exit

=

de Laval nozzle which allows to accelerate the gas over sound velocity

Scheme of the ion thruster

ρuS = const

MRTp ρ=

puu Δ−=Δρ

Reactive Movement

A.L. Stasenko

An eagle and a sparrow

L

Eagle, M ~ L3 Sparrow, m~l3

l v ~ ω lV ~ Ω L

Mg ~ ρV2L2 ~ ρΩ2L4 ~ L3g

Mg ~ ρv2l2 ~ ρω2l4 ~ l3g

ω2l ≈ Ω2L lL=

Ωω

A.L. Stasenko

Is there cold in Space?Heat Radiation

q = σT4 2m

W

Tσ = 5.7·10–8

42KmW

A simple model of human being

qo = 14002m

W

Heat balanceQo+qo S⊥ = STh

4σTh ~ 350 K → Th~ 80o C !!!

ρ, kg/m3p, Pa

T, K

h, km

A.L. Stasenko

REENTRY CORRIDOR

Severe RestrictionAB:

)(22

EL R

vgmSvc −≥ρCD:

ERgvv =≤

1

EF: 4

2 mTvv σ≤ρ

Heat to the flyer)(ρ 22

1E

3 vvvRcmcvScQ

L

DD

−==

SvcLiftL 2

2ρ=v

“Boundary” of the atmosphere

SvcDragD 2

2ρ=

v, km/s

Bh, km

A.L. Stasenko

Reentry Vehicle Heat-Proof

hentrance

V > VIBrake

EARTH

;sm

J,2h

TTq −+

−λ= ~~

2

λ

ρτ

hcm

s10~

KsmJ10

)m10(KkgJ10

m

kg10~ 5

2

2133

2

⋅⋅

⋅⋅

⋅ −

A.L. Stasenko

Thank you very muchfor your attention !

It was nice to see you…