physics - neap 02
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NEAP test Physics HSCTRANSCRIPT
PHYSICS HSCDIAGNOSTIC TOPIC TESTS 2009TEST 2: SPACE ITOTAL 25 MARKS (45 MINUTES)Students Name: _________________________ Teachers Name: _________________________Directions to studentsWrite your name and your teachers name in the spaces provided above.Neap Diagnostic Topic Tests (DTTs) are licensed to be photocopied and used only within the confines of the school purchasing them, for the purpose of examining that schools students only. They may not be placed on the school intranet or otherwise reproduced or distributed. The copyright of Neap DTTs remains with Neap. No DTT or any part thereof is to be issued or passed on by any person to any party inclusive of other schools, non-practising teachers, coaching colleges, tutors, parents, publishing agencies or websites without the express written consent of Neap.Copyright 2009 Neap ABN 49 910 906 643 PO Box 214St LeonardsNSW1590 Tel: (02) 9438 1386 Fax: (02) 9438 1385DTTNPH_02_09.fm 1 / 5Part A 5 marksAttempt Questions 15Circle the correct response1. What are the S.I. units for measuring mass and weight?2. Halleys comet has a period of about 76 years. WhatcanbeinferredabouttheorbitalradiusofHalleyscomet,rHalley,comparedwiththeorbitalradius of the Earth rEarth?(A) rHalley is greater than rEarth.(B) rHalley is equal to rEarth.(C) rHalley is less than rEarth. (D) There is insufficient information to compare rHalley and rEarth.3. Which expression shows a correct mathematical relationship for Keplers law for orbits?(A) 2T 3r(B) T r2 (C) T2 r3(D) T3 r2 Unit for mass Unit for weight(A) kg kg(B) kg N(C) g N(D) gms2PHYSICS HSC DIAGNOSTIC TOPIC TESTSSPACE ICopyright 2009 Neap DTTNPH_02_09.fm 2 / 54. The gravitational potential energy at point X is defined as the work required to move an object from avery large distance away to where?(A) to any point between the Earth and the Sun(B) to the surface of the Earth(C) to the centre of the Earth(D) to the point X in a gravitational field5. What is the best definition of the term g-forces in the context of space?(A) The force acting on an astronaut during lift off.(B) The force acting on an astronaut as a proportion of their mass.(C) The force acting on an astronaut as a proportion of their normal weight force.(D) The force acting on an astronaut during re-entry.PHYSICS HSC DIAGNOSTIC TOPIC TESTSSPACE ICopyright 2009 Neap DTTNPH_02_09.fm 3 / 5Part B 20 marksAttempt Questions 610Answer the questions in the spaces providedMarksQuestion 6 (6 marks)A balance compares an unknown mass suspended from one end of a beam with a combination of standard masses suspended from the other end when the beam is balanced.1 (a) Identify whether the reading from balance will change for the astronaut if the balance is taken to different planets. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2 (b) Explain why the gravitational field g changes on a different planet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3 (c) Describe how you could perform an experiment to measure g in the lab using a rock and length of string, and identify the measuring equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Question 7 (3 marks)The concept of escape velocity is important for space travel.1 (a) Identify if escape velocity depends on the gravitational constant. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2 (b) Explain how escape velocity is related to the mass and radius of the planet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .PHYSICS HSC DIAGNOSTIC TOPIC TESTSSPACE ICopyright 2009 Neap DTTNPH_02_09.fm 4 / 5MarksQuestion 8 (4 marks)An astronaut took her bathroom scales on a space trip. She weighed herself on Jupiter and then on Saturn. On earth, the bathroom scales read 66 kg when she weighs herself, which is her actual mass.1 (a) Calculate the astronauts weight on Jupiter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 (b) The astronaut suspends a brick from a force balance and records the reading on the surface of Jupiter and then on the surface of Saturn. Calculate the ratio of the reading on Jupiter with the reading on Saturn. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2 (c) The astronaut writes that when going from planet to planet, the changes in surface gravity should be closely matched by changes in density. With reference to the above data, justify why gravity depends on a planets density moreclosely than on its mass or radius. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Body Mass (kg) Radius (m)Density (kg m3)Surface Gravitational Acceleration (m s2)JupiterSaturn1.90 1027 6.99 1071326 25.955.68 1026 5.85 107687 11.08PHYSICS HSC DIAGNOSTIC TOPIC TESTSSPACE ICopyright 2009 Neap DTTNPH_02_09.fm 5 / 5MarksQuestion 9 (3 marks)When a rocket is blasting off into space, many changes are occurring.1 (a) Outline how the acceleration of the rocket changes as it rises into the atmosphere. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2 (b) Explain how the operation of the rocket engine involves the law of conservationof momentum. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Question 10 (4 marks)A ball is launched at an angle of 38 to the horizontal with an initial speed of 24 m s1. 1 (a) Calculate time of flight of a projectile. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 (b) Describe the difference between the horizontal and vertical components of velocity when the projectile reaches its maximum height. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2 (c) Describe two changes in thinking brought about by Galileo in his explanation of projectile motion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .