phylum ctenophora
DESCRIPTION
Filum StenophoraTRANSCRIPT
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Phylum Ctenophora
Comb Jellies
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Phylum Ctenophora (Comb Bearers)
Defining Characteristics– Plates of fused cilia arranged in rows– Adhesive prey capturing cells (colloblasts)
Comb jellies are delicate, transparent, non-stinging predators
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Ctenophora Structure
Mirip dengan struktur Cnidaria Medusa
Memiliki tubuh yang sangat rapuh
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Ctenophore Structure
Permukaan tubuhnya memliki 8 baris sisir seperti dayung
Dayung sisir ini memiliki ribuan sillia untuk berenang
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Indera Apikal
Indera apikal organ terletak pada permukaan aboral yang digunakan untuk mrngontrol sillia
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Colloblasts
Tentakel digunakan untuk menangkap mangsa yang bersifat lengket– Colloblast discharge an
adhesive thread which is sticky to the touch
Some spp. lack tentacles and the body is studded with colloblasts
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Digestion
Feed on plankton, other ctenophores and other Cnidarian jellies
Gut extends through the entire body; mouth is at the oral end
Anal pore is at the aboral end
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Reproduction
Can rapidly regenerate lost or damaged parts
Usually hermaphrodites Developmental stage
– Cydippid larva, this develops into an adult
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Evolutionary history and Bioluminescence
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Evolutionary History
Characteristic Ctenophores Cnidarians
DevelopmentalStage
Cydippid Planula
DigestiveSystem
Gastrovascularcanals
Gastrovascularcanals
Nematocysts None Present
Colloblast Present None
Sexuality Hermaphroditic Gonochoristic
Musculature Within Mesoglea WithinGastrodermis
Ciliation Multiciliated cells Monociliated cells
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Ctenophore diversity
Most species live in the open ocean and are not well studied
– New studies use submersibles and divers to collect specimens, eliminating specimen destruction by fast towed nets
Phylum Ctenophora– Order Lobata– Order Beroida
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Order Lobata
Order Lobata– Posses long tentacles
throughout the lifecycle– Retractile in nature
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Order Beroida
Order Beroida– Lack tentacles, or oral lobes
– Can consume prey substantially larger than itself