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SUB ATOMIC PARTICLES

AND

DEVELOPMENTS IN CERN

Presented by:

Mahantesh.L.Chikkadesai Ramakrishna.R.Pujari

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OVERVIEW

INTRODCTION CL!""I#IC!TION !$OT CERN

"T!ND!RD MODEL CONCL"ION RE#RENCE"

OVERVIEW

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INTRODUCTION

The Universe is made up of matter and energy

The term matter describes all of the physicalsubstances around us

Matter is anything that has mass and takes upspace

Matter is made up of atoms.

An atom is the smallest wholeparticle of matter.

Sub-Atomicparticles are smaller than atoms andare the tiny particles that an atom is made of.

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CLASSIFICATION

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%!R&": %uarks '(mbine t( )(rm hea*ier +arti',es 'a,,ed

bary(ns- and uarks. !nd antiuarks '(mbine t( )(rm mes(ns.

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LEPTON": n,ike uarks- ,e+t(ns 'an be is(,ated. The neutrin(s ha*e n( 'har/e and a,m(st n( mass.

The e,e'tr(n is the (n,y stab,e ,e+t(n. There are a,s( '(rres+(ndin/ anti,e+t(ns.

$O"ON":

These are the +arti',es 0hi'h /i*e the

mass t( the matter and the +arti',es 0ith1er( (r inte/er s+in

uantum numbers are 'a,,ed b(s(n.

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Is the whole Universe madeonly of quarks and electrons?

No! There are also neutrinos!

E,e'tr(n- +r(t(n and neutr(ns are rarities2

#(r ea'h () them in the ni*erse there is 3 bi,,i(n neutrin(s

Neutrinos are the most abundant matter-particles in theUniverse!

Neutrinos do matter to us: I t!ere "ere no

neutrinost!e sun "ou#d not s!ine$

eutrinos are everywhere! in the outer space" on #arth" in ourbodies..

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EROPE!N OR4!NI5!TION

#OR NCLE!R RE"E!RC6

Estab,ished In

78 "EPTEM$ER 389.

L('ated !t

4ENEV!-"WIT5ERL!ND.

CERN;s main )un'ti(n is t( +r(*ide the +arti',e

a''e,erat(rs and (ther in)rastru'tures needed )(r

hi/h

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$M% A&I$#

CERN

LHCb experiment:

700physicists

50institutes

15countries

&'$b

AT&A%

C(st: u+ t( =3> $i,,i(n

Pr(t(n

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"T!ND!RD MODEL

It e@+,ains h(0 the basi' bui,din/

b,('ks () matter Intera't-

/(*erned by )(ur )undamenta,

)(r'es.

The standard m(de, 0as

dis'(*ered by "he,d(n 4,ash(0 in 38A3.

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The 6i//s b(s(n is the ,ast Bmissin/ +ie'e () the

"tandard M(de, and the 9th

member () the b(s(n)ami,y but n(t a )(r'e 'arrier.

The 6i//s is a hy+(theti'a, +arti',e that /i*es masst( a,, (ther +arti',es that n(rma,,y ha*e mass.

6i//s b(s(n (r hi//s +arti',e is initia,,y the(rised in

38A-0h(se dis'(*ery 0as ann(un'ed at CERN (n

Fu,y 7>37-and '(n)irmed ,ike,y t( be a hi//s

b(s(n in mar'h 7>3G.

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CONCL"ION sin'e )r(m the be/innin/ () the 7>th 'entury study

and resear'h ab(ut the sub at(mi' +arti',es and their beha*i(ur ha*e taken *ery im+(rtant r(,e in

the de*e,(+ment () m(dern +hysi's and

te'hn(,(/y.

$ut sti,, the ne0 e@+eriments ab(ut sub !t(mi' +arti',es are /(in/ (n in *ari(us +arts () the

0(r,d. &n(0,ed/e ab(ut the sub at(mi' +arti',es

/i*es us the in)(rmati(n ab(ut (ri/in () uni*erse. Des+ite a,, its su''esses- many uesti(ns

unans0ered by "tandard M(de,."ti,, m(re uesti(ns than ans0ers2

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RE#ERENCE"H3 6a,,iday- Resni'k- Wa,ker- B#undamenta,s () +hysi's- ++.333A

H7 Wa,ter R. F(hns(n- BLe'tures (n !t(mi' Physi's- De+artment ()

Physi's- ni*ersity () N(tre Dame.HG Nari Mistry- B! brie) intr(du'ti(n t( +arti',e +hysi's- Lab(rat(ry )(r

E,ementary Parti',e Physi's C(rne,, ni*ersity.

H F(urna, () M(dern Physi's I""N: 739GJ- B"+e'ia, Issue (n

Neutrin( Resear'h- "'ienti)i' Resear'h O+en !''ess.

H9 F(se+h Lykken and Maria "+ir(+u,u- BThe )uture () the 6i//s

b(s(n- Physi's T(day- !IP Pub,ishin/.

HA Ni'k 6ad,ey- BThe "tandard M(de, (r Parti',e Physi's 3>3.

H? 6ist(ry () subat(mi' +hysi's- #r(m Wiki+edia- the )ree

en'y',(+edia.HK Pers+e'ti*es (n "ubat(mi' Physi's in Canada )(r7>>A3Are+(rt ()

the BN"ERC ,(n/

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T6!N& O