php loves mongodb - dublin mug (by hannes)

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PHP

♥MongoDB

Saturday 18 August 2012

• Hannes / @bjori• Icelandic

» Oslo, Norway» London, England

• PHP Driver Engineer» @10gen

• PHP Contributor

About me

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Why I started with MongoDB

• Like creating (code, not graphics)• Productivity• Don’t want to waste my time

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The “old” way

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The “new” way

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Terminology

RDBMS MongoTable, View ➜ CollectionRow ➜ JSON DocumentIndex ➜ IndexJoin ➜ Embedded DocumentPartition ➜ ShardPartition Key ➜ Shard Key

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PostObject Object( [title] => MongoDB [contributors] => Array( [0] => PersonObject Object( [name] => Eliot Horowitz [email] => [email protected] ) [1] => PersonObject Object( [name] => Dwight Merriman [email] => [email protected] ) ) [model] => ModelObject Object( [relational] => [awesome] => 1 ))

Tables to Documents

{ title: ‘MongoDB’, contributors: [ { name: ‘Eliot Horowitz’, email: ‘[email protected]’ }, { name: ‘Dwight Merriman’, email: ‘[email protected]’ } ], model: { relational: false, awesome: true }}

Documents to Arrays

Documents to Objects

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mailto:[email protected]








PostObject Object( [title] => MongoDB [contributors] => Array( [0] => PersonObject Object( [name] => Eliot Horowitz [email] => [email protected] ) [1] => PersonObject Object( [name] => Dwight Merriman [email] => [email protected] ) ) [model] => ModelObject Object( [relational] => [awesome] => 1 ))

array( "title" => 'MongoDB', "contributors" => array( array( 'name' => 'Eliot Horowitz', 'email' => '[email protected]' ), array( 'name' => 'Dwight Merriman', 'email' => '[email protected]' ) ), "model" => array( 'relational' => false, 'awesome' => true

Tables to Documents

{ title: ‘MongoDB’, contributors: [ { name: ‘Eliot Horowitz’, email: ‘[email protected]’ }, { name: ‘Dwight Merriman’, email: ‘[email protected]’ } ], model: { relational: false, awesome: true }}

Documents to Arrays

Documents to Objects

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First things first

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PHP Driver

No dependencies

https://github.com/mongodb/mongo-php-driver/downloads

Maintained and supported by 10gen

$ pecl install mongo

extension = mongo.so

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Connecting to the DB

If the DB or collection doesn’t exist, mongoDB will create it on connect.

$connection = new Mongo();

$db = $connection->selectDB('blog');

$posts = $db->post;

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mongo.default_host = localhostmongo.default_port = 27017


Connecting to ReplicaSet

If one of the servers is down, we’ll connect to the next oneAuto-discovery of the RS topology

$connection = new Mongo('server1,server2', array(‘replicaSet’ => ‘myReplicaSet’));

$db = $connection->selectDB('blog');

$posts = $db->post;

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Documents

Blog Post Document

$p1 = array("author" => "roger", "date" => new MongoDate(), "text" => "about mongoDB...", "tags" => array('tech', 'databases'),);

$posts->insert($p1);

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Silly Billy

No error check!

try { $posts->insert($p1, array("safe" => true));catch( Exception $e ) { echo $e->getMessage(); /* ... */}

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Querying

Note: _id is unique, but can be anything you’d like

> db.posts.findOne()

> { _id : ObjectId("4c4ba5c0672c685e5e8aabf3"), author : "roger", date : "Sat Jul 24 2010 19:47:11", text : "About MongoDB...", tags : [ "tech", "databases" ] }

print_r($posts->findOne());print_r($p1);Array( [_id] => MongoId Object( [$id] => 4e9796764a18173a17000000 ) [author] => roger [date] => MongoDate Object( [sec] => 1318557302 [usec] => 581000 ) [text] => about mongoDB... [tags] => Array( [0] => tech [1] => databases ))

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MongoId

An autogenerated primary key

$x = array("foo" => 1, "bar" => 2);$db->baz->insert($x);var_dump($x['_id']);

Result:

object(MongoId)#4 (1) { ["$id"]=> string(24) "4e9cc76a4a1817fd21000000"}

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MongoId

An autogenerated primary key

object(MongoId)#4 (1) { ["$id"]=> string(24) "4e9cc76a4a1817fd21000000"} 12bytes

4e9cc76a4a1817fd21000000|------||----||--||----| ts machine pid inc

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Update Operations

$set, $unset, $inc, $push, $pushAll, $pull, $pullAll, $bit

$change = array('$push' => array('comments' => array( 'author' => 'Fred', 'created' => new MongoDate(), 'comment' => 'Best post ever!.' ) ) ); $posts->update(array("_id" => $id), $change);

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Array( [_id] => MongoId Object ( [$id] => 4e9796764a18173a17000000 ) [author] => roger [comments] => Array( [0] => Array( [author] => Fred [created] => MongoDate Object( [sec] => 1318899392 [usec] => 176000 ) [comment] => Dumb post. ) ) [date] => MongoDate Object( [sec] => 1318557302 [usec] => 581000 ) [tags] => Array( [0] => tech [1] => databases ) [text] => about mongoDB...)

Nested Documents

{ _id : ObjectId("4c4ba5c0672c685e5e8aabf3"), author : "roger", date : ISODate("2012-08-13T11:11:00.294Z"), text : "About MongoDB...", tags : [ "tech", "databases" ], comments : [ { author : "Fred", created : ISODate("2012-08-13T11:41:00.634Z"), comment : "Best Post Ever!" } ]}

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Querying

$posts = $blog->find(array( "author" => "Roger"));

$commentsByFred = $blog->find(array( "comments.author" => "Fred"));

$commentsByFred = $blog->find(array( "comments.author" => new MongoRegex("/fred/i")));

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It’s all about the $

$ instead of >, <, =, etc.

$gt, $gte, $lt, $lte, $eq, $neq, $exists, $set, $mod, $where, $in, $nin, $inc$push, $pull, $pop, $pushAll, $popAll

$c->find(array("x" => array('$gt' => 4)));

$c->find(array("x" => array(“$gt” => 4)));

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Adjust the behavior

in php.ini or using ini_set()

php.ini---------------mongo.cmd = ":"

$c->find(array("x" => array(':gt' => 4)));

or

ini_set("mongo.cmd", ".");$c->find(array("x" => array('.gt' => 4)));

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Indexing

$people->ensureIndex(array("age" => 1));

$people->ensureIndex(array( "name" => -1, "ts" => -1, "comments.author" => 1));

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More Indexing

// Index nested documents$posts->ensureIndex( array("comments.author" => 1) )$posts->find( array("comments.author" => "Fred") )

// Index on tags (multi-key index)$posts->ensureIndex( array("tags" => 1 ) )$posts->find( array("tags" => "tech") )

// geospatial index$posts->ensureIndex( array("author.location" => "2d") )$posts->find( array("author.location" => array( '$near' => array(22,42)));

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Cursors

$cursor = $c->find(array("foo" => "bar"))

foreach ($cursor as $id => $value) { echo "$id: "; var_dump( $value );}

$a = iterator_to_array($cursor);

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Paging

$page_num = 3;$results_per_page = 10;

$cursor = $results->find() ->sort(array("ts" => -1)) ->skip($page_num * $results_per_page) ->limit($results_per_page);

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Rich Documents

{ _id : ObjectId("4c4ba5c0672c685e5e8aabf3"), line_items : [ { sku: ‘tt-123’, name: ‘Coltrane: Impressions’ }, { sku: ‘tt-457’, name: ‘Davis: Kind of Blue’ } ], address : { name: ‘Banker’, street: ‘111 Main’, zip: 10010 }, payment: { cc: 4567, exp: Date(2011, 7, 7) },

subtotal: 2355}

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Libraries & Frameworks

• Doctrine MongoDB ODM

• Zend Framework• Lithium• Symfony2• Kohana• Drupal• Yii

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Doctrine MongoDB ODM

• Provides full validation• Seamless integration with Doctrine ORM

– Useful for hybrid solutions• Follows same persistence model as Doctrine • Uses a Document Manager & annotations • Supports embedded and referenced objects• Can use mongo’s query interface• Supports in place updates

https://github.com/doctrine/mongodb-odm

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Grid FS


Storing Files

Under 16mb


Storing Big Files

>16mb stored in 16mb chunks


Storing Big Files

Works with replicated and sharded systems


A better network FS• GridFS files are seamlessly sharded & replicated.

• No OS constraints...

• No file size limits

• No naming constraints

• No folder limits

• Standard across different OSs

• MongoDB automatically generate the MD5 hash of the file


Storing Files$grid = $db->getGridFS();

// The file's location in the File System$path = "/tmp/";$filename = "movie.mp4";

// Note metadata field & filename field $storedfile = $grid->storeFile($path . $filename, array("metadata" => array("filename" => $filename), "filename" => $filename));

// Return newly stored file's Document ID echo $storedfile;


Storing Data

$grid = $db->getGridFS();$filename = "zelda.jpg";$storedfile = $grid->storeBytes("âˆšÃ¸âˆšÃ²âˆšÃ¸âˆšâ€ ^@^PJFIF^@ÂÂÂ,^GÊÊ^G,...", array("metadata" => array("filename" => $filename), "filename" => $filename));


Streaming Data

$gridFS = $db->getGridFS();

// Find image to stream$image = $gridFS->findOne("zelda.jpg");

// Stream image to browserheader('Content-type: image/jpeg');echo $image->getBytes();


PS: We’re hiring!! Contact us at [email protected]

Questions?

download at mongodb.org

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php loves mongodb - dublin mug (by hannes)

Technology

objects documents

nested documentsarray

eliot horowitzname

dwight merriman

dwight merriman

eliot horowitz

dm10gen

eh10gen