PHOTOSYNTHESIS &CELLULAR RESPIRATION

Mrs. Green

Bell work• 1) What type of organism would Most likely benefit directly from increased levels

of 𝐶𝑂2?a) Fish

b) Bird

c) Tree

d) Mushroom

• 2) Which of these is a product of Photosynthesis and a requirement of cellular respiration? a) Carbon dioxide

b) Glucose

c) Water

d) Sunlight

• 3) Which of these is produced during photosynthesis?

a) Amino Acid

b) Glucose

c) Glycerol

d) Carbon Dioxide

Photosynthesis• Nearly all living things obtain energy either directly or

indirectly from the energy of sunlight captured during the day.

• Photosynthesis= is a process by which a cell captures energy in sunlight and uses it to make food.

• Plants such as grass use energy from the sun to make its own food, therefore its called an Autotroph. They are also called a producer

• A caterpillar obtains energy from eating the grass and a bird obtains energy by feeding on the caterpillar. These organisms which cannot make their own food are called Heterotrophs. They are also called consumers.

Photosynthesis

• During photosynthesis

autotrophs use the sun’s

energy to convert carbon

dioxide (C𝑂2) and water (𝐻2𝑂)

into oxygen (𝑂2) and sugars

(𝐶6𝐻12𝑂6)

• Photosynthesis Equation:

• 6𝐶2 + 6𝐻2𝑂 → 𝐶6𝐻12𝑂6 + 6𝑂2

• (This is a Chemical reaction

happening inside the plant)

Two stages of Photosynthesis:

• Stage 1: Capturing the Sun’s Energy

• The process occurs mostly in leaves

• Chloroplast in plant cells capture energy using photosynthesis pigment called Chlorophyll.

• Energy powers stage 2

• Stage 2: Using energy to make food

• Cells need 𝐻2𝑂 and 𝐶𝑂2 for this stage. 𝐶𝑂2 enters through the Stomata, H2O enters through the roots.

• 𝐶𝑂2 and H2O undergo a chemical reaction in the chloroplast to produce sugars (𝐶6𝐻12𝑂6) and Oxygen which exit the leaves through the stomata.

Example:

• When you have many fish in

a tank how do they get

oxygen?

• How do you add more

oxygen to the tank?

Bell work:1) During photosynthesis, plants convert sunlight into what substance to be used for energy?

a) Oxygen

b) Carbon dioxide

c) Iron sulfide

d) Glucose

2) Which of the following BEST describes the flow of energy in a cabbage plant?

a) Solar energy is absorbed by mitochondria, converted and stored in sugars, and released in

chloroplasts

b) Solar energy is absorbed by chloroplasts, converted and stored in sugars, and released in

mitochondria.

c) Chemical energy is absorbed by chloroplast, stored in sugars, and released in mitochondria.

d) Chemical energy is absorbed by mitochondria, stored in sugars, and released in chloroplasts.

3) What is chlorophyll and how does it help plants?

a) Chlorophyll is a pigment that absorbs light energy and makes glucose

b) Chlorophyll is a protein that changes shape in the presence of sunlight

c) Chlorophyll is a receptor that binds carbon dioxide to light

d) Chlorophyll is an enzyme

Photosynthesis Activity

• This activity is on Photosynthesis.

• Students will make a pop-up visual representation of photosynthesis, using cut outs,

color and descriptions to identify the reactions and products of the process.

• I have included the cut-outs for the lead pop-up, descriptive arrows and plant

organelles along with a homework assignment.

• Directions:

• Cut out the full leaf and half-leaf on the paper I have passed out.

• Cut the slit in the full leaf on the marked line and insert the half leaf tab in slit

• Glue only the left side of the full leaf into your notebook and glue the tab of the half leaf in your

notebook

• The 2nd page I have handed out, cut and color the information arrows and leaf structures.

• Place arrows and structures on the leaf where they go according to photosynthesis.

Cellular Respiration

• Respiration= the process by which cells obtain energy from

glucose by breaking down simple food molecules. Such as sugar

and releasing the stored energy.

• Cellular respiration is different than the term “respiration” which is

used for breathing.

The Respiration Equation

•𝐶6𝐻12𝑂6 + 6𝑂2 6𝐶𝑂2 + 6𝐻2𝑂 + 𝐸𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑔𝑦

Comes from

the food we

eat

Comes from

the air or

water during

respiration

Notice the

equation is

opposite of

Photosynthesis

Bell work:1) When animals use energy, what is always produced?

a) Sugar

b) Heat

c) Oxygen

d) Starch

2) Which of the following is produced during the process of cellular respiration?

a) Carbon Dioxide

b) Sodium Chloride

c) Oxygen

d) Sugar

3) A mouse’s rate of carbon dioxide output increased. Which of the following MOST likely

happened?

a) The mouse went to sleep

b) The mouse ate some food

c) The mouse started running

d) The moues detected an odor

Cellular Respiration Equation cont.

•Equation in words:

•Glucose + Oxygen Carbon Dioxide + Water + Energy

•Again notice that this is the same equation as

photosynthesis but backwards****

Two stages of Cellular Respiration

• Stage 1:

• In the Cytoplasm glucose is

broken down into smaller

molecules.

• Oxygen is NOT involved and

only a small amount of energy

is released.

• Stage 2:

• Takes place in the Mitochondria.

• There molecules are broken

down even further by chemicals

reactions.

• These chemical reactions require

oxygen and release a great deal

of energy. Carbon dioxide and

water are also released, in most

animals these two products

leave the body by exhaling.

Cellular Respiration Activity

• Students will compare and contrast photosynthesis and cellular respiration by

filling in the missing information in the provided table.

• Items include identifying reactants and products of equations, organelles

responsible for reactions, and advantages and disadvantages of each

process for an organism.

• Directions:

• Cut out the table provided in class and glue into your notebook.

• Once you have glued the table into your notebook, start filling it out by

using your notes.

• Teacher will be coming around to check.

Videos

• https://florida.pbslearningmedia.org/resource/tdc02.sci.life.stru.photosynth/photosynth

esis/#.WetdSmhSzIU Nova photosynthesis video

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pdgkuT12e14 Bill Nye video

• http://www.sites.ext.vt.edu/virtualforest/modules/photo.html Interactive Photosynthesis

Lab done in class

Test:• I will be handing out the post-test

• My expectations are:

• Once the test is handed out every one is absolutely quite and respect other students who

are still taking the test.

• No writing on my class set of the test!

• The purpose of a pre-test is to see what information you know and don’t know about this

unit.

• Once you have completely the test raise your hand and I will come get the test.

• Please sit quietly while you wait! You may color or read a book if you have one.

• Once everyone has finished we will start are new lesson