photonic topological insulators - nanohub
TRANSCRIPT
Photonic Topological Insulators
Shouyuan Huang, Ph.D. Student
Department of Mechanical Engineering and Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University
What is topological insulator? TKNN understanding
Hasan, Kane Rev Mod Phys 2010
What is topological insulator?
• Quantum Spin Hall Effect/2-D Topological Insulator • Spin-orbit coupling • Berry Curvature
• Spin-momentum locking
• Back-scattering free
• Magnetic monopoles/Majorana Fermions
• Dissipationless electronics/fault-tolerant quantum computers
Why photonic topological insulators
• Scientific interest: Bosonic analog
• Non-reflective / one-way waveguide
• Disorder-immune boundary states
Lu et al. nphys 2016
Patton, Industry Stategy Symposium, 2013
Photonic QHE • 2-D Topological states w/ magnetic field.
Raghu, Haldane PRL 2008
Wang et. al. PRL 2008 Wang et. al. Nature 2009 (Soljacic group)
Photonic QHE • 2-D Topological states w/ magnetic field.
• Control of Chern number
Skirlo et al PRL 2014 Skirlo et al PRL 2015 (Soljacic group)
Pushing towards Optical Frequences
Khanikaev et al. nmat 2012 (Shvets group)
Pushing towards Optical Frequences • Thinking 2: Floquet theory with pseudo-time
“photonic graphene”
Gu et al. PRL 2011 Mak et al. Science 2014
Plotnik nmat 2013
Electronic:
Photonic:
Pushing towards Optical Frequences • Thinking 2: Floquet theory with pseudo-time
Rechtsman et al. Nature 2013 (Segev group)
Pushing towards Optical Frequences • Thinking 2: Floquet theory with pseudo-time
Pushing towards Optical Frequences • Thinking 2: Floquet theory with pseudo-time
“photonic graphene”
Gu et al. PRL 2011 Mak et al. Science 2014
Electronic:
Photonic:
Ma Shvets CLEO 2016 Pseudo-time design?
3-D PTI: existence of Weyl point • 3-D version of Dirac point
Double-gyroid
“photonic ARPES” Lu et al. nphys 2013; Lu et al Science 2014. (Soljacic’s group)
Self-assembly?
3-D PTI: existence of Weyl point • 3-D version of Dirac point
Lu et al. nphys 2016. (Soljacic’s group)
Symmetry protection
3-D PTI: existence of Weyl point • 3-D version of Dirac point
Noh et al. nphys 2017.
Phase differ by ½ cycle
Conclusion • Potential applications:
• Defect-immune in nanophotonic system. • One-way waveguide/photonic fibers • Large-volume/area single-mode sensing/lasing • Platform for new science
• Possible future works: • Optical wavelength one-way waveguide • Easy-realizable space groups for Weyl point