photography mb scott k
TRANSCRIPT
PHOTO
GRAPHY
MERIT
BADGE
BY :
SC
OT T
KL E
EM
AN
PHOTOGRAPHY
Definition: a method of recording the image of an object through the action of light, or related radiation, on a light sensitive material.
World’s First Photograph!Photograph by Joseph Nicéphore Niépce
Centuries of advances in chemistry and optics, including the invention of the camera obscura, set the stage for the world’s first photograph. In 1826, French scientist Joseph Nicéphore Niépce, took that photograph, titled View from the Window at Le Gras, at his family’s country home. Niépce produced his photo—a view of a courtyard and outbuildings seen from the house’s upstairs window—by exposing a bitumen-coated plate in a camera obscura for several hours on his windowsill.
REQUIREMENT #1
Explain how the following elements and terms affect the quality of a picture:
a) Light-natural light/ambient, flash b) Exposure-aperture (f-stops), shutter speed, depth of field c) Composition-rule of thirds, leading lines, framing, depth d) Angle of view e) Stopping action
Henri Cartier – Bresson
REQUIREMENT #2
Explain the basic parts and operation of a film camera or digital camera.
Explain how an exposure is made when you take a picture.
Richard Avedon
REQUIREMENT #3
Discuss with your counselor the differences between a film camera and a digital camera.
List at least five advantages and five disadvantages of using a digital camera versus using a film camera.
Ansel Adams
REQUIREMENT #4
Do the following… a) Produce a picture story using the photojournalistic technique of
documenting an event. Share your plan with your counselor and get your counselor's input and approval before you proceed. Then, using either a film camera or a digital camera, produce your approved picture story. Process your images and select eight to 12 images that best tell your story. Arrange your images in order, then mount the prints on a poster board. If you are using digital images, you may create a slide show on your computer or produce printouts for your poster board. Share your picture story with your counselor.
REQUIREMENT #4
…or do the following: b) Choose a topic that interests you to photograph for an exhibit or
display. Get your counselor's approval, then photograph (digital or film) your topic. Process your images. Choose 20 of your favorite images and mount them on poster board. Share your display with your counselor. If you are using digital images, you may create a slide show on your computer or produce printouts for your poster board.
Dorthea Lange
REQUIREMENT #5
Discuss with your counselor the career opportunities in photography.
Pick one that interests you and explain how to prepare for such a career.
Discuss with your counselor the education and training such a career would require.
Robert Doisneau
TYPES OF CAMERAS
HOLDING YOUR CAMERA
F-STOP (OR APERTURE)
Lens F-stops are measured “low” or “high”
f/2 is “low” stop—lets is more light
f/22 is “high” stop—lets in less light
F-STOP
DEPTH-OF-FIELD AND F-STOPS
f/2 – less depth-of-field
f/22 – more depth-of-field
DEPTH-OF-FIELD
Is this closer to f/2 or f/22?
DEPTH-OF-FIELD
Is this closer to f/2 or f/22?
CAMERA SHUTTER
Shutter speeds are measure as “fast” or “slow”
A fast speed is 1/1000 of a second
A slow speed is 1/2 of a second
CAMERA SHUTTER
A fast speed can stop action
A slow speed can blur action
CAMERA SHUTTER
SHUTTER SPEED
Is this closer to ½ sec or 1/1000 sec.?
SHUTTER SPEED
Is this closer to ½ sec or 1/1000 sec.?
LIGHTING
“Natural” Light – light from the Sun (inside or outside)
“Ambient” Light – overall illumination of an environment without the addition of lighting for photography.
“Flash” Light – artificial light from a flash bulb
NATURAL LIGHT
AMBIENT LIGHT
AMBIENT LIGHT?
LIGHTING?
Is this natural, ambient or flash lighting?
LIGHTING?
Is this natural, ambient or flash lighting?
LIGHTING?
Is this natural, ambient or flash lighting?
LIGHTING?
Is this natural, ambient or flash lighting?
COMPOSITION “RULE OF THIRDS”
Keep the subject of interest out of the center of the picture
Likely the most important rule of composition
COMPOSITION “RULE OF THIRDS”
COMPOSITION “RULE OF THIRDS”
COMPOSITION “LEADING LINES”
A leading line can be almost anything: a road, path, sidewalk, fence, river, hedge, tree line or shadow.
COMPOSITION “LEADING LINES”
COMPOSITION “LEADING LINES”
COMPOSITION “LEADING LINES”
COMPOSITION “FRAMING”
Using trees or objects to provide a natural“frame”
COMPOSITION “FRAMING”
COMPOSITION “FRAMING”
COMPOSITION “DEPTH”
Using foreground objects to simulate depth.
COMPOSITION “DEPTH”
COMPOSITION “DEPTH”
COMPOSITION “ANGLE OF VIEW”
Altering your angle canprovide more interestingphotographs.
COMPOSITION “ANGLE OF VIEW”
COMPOSITION “ANGLE OF VIEW”
ALWAYS BE READY TO GET THAT SHOT!
STOPPING ACTION
Use a “fast” shutter speed, like f/500 or f/1000
Need lots of light due to fast shutter speed
STOPPING ACTION
DIGITAL CAMERAS VS. FILM
1. Convenience
2. Lower cost of operation
3. Can see/download picture instantly
4. High-end digital on par with film cameras
5. Can be less expensive
6. More built-in features
CAREER OPPORTUNITIES
Photojournalist (newspaper/magazine/web)
Sports photographer
Portrait/events photographer
Advertising photographer
“Location” photographer
Fashion photographer
Corporate photographer
CAREER OPPORTUNITIES
Four (4) years of college (B.A. degree)
2+ years apprenticeship as photographer’s assistant
Lots of hard work!
WHAT’S IN YOUR CAMERA BAG?
Camera
Operating manual (!)
Batteries/power cord.
Extra storage (memory cards)
Computer interface cable
Lens wipes
Large Ziplock bags
Optional: lens, tripod, flash, UV filter, etc.
PHOTOGRAPHY AS A HOBBY
Lifetime of fulfillment as a hobby
Can complement other hobbies
Difference between “professional” and “amateur” is not always skill level
SUNNY 16 RULERough guidelines for the following outdoor lighting condition @
ISO 400 – f/8
Sunny day outdoors — 1/2000 sec
Hazy bright day — 1/1000 sec
Bright cloudy day without shadows — 1/500 sec Overcast day, or open shade on a sunny day — 1/250 sec A heavily overcast day Deep shade — 1/125 sec
Woods on an bright overcast day — 1/60 sec
Just before a thunderstorm or a heavily overcast day — 1/30 sec
UNDERSTANDING YOUR CAMERA
What are your camera’s abilities and limitations, what features does it have?
You need to read and understand your Camera’s operating manual
You need to have experience shooting pictures and studying the results.
DIGITAL FILE TYPES
• JPEG (JPG): The most common format.
This is a “lossy” compression format that can be saved at various qualities.
• TIFF: A “loss-less” compression format of
a higher quality that is better for very high quality prints but has larger file size.
• RAW: Actual image from the camera sensor
FURTHER LEARNING
Books
Internet - http://camerapedia.wikia.com/wiki/Camerapedia
Exhibits
Magazines – National Geographic, Shutterbug, etc.
Sports
Apps – MacPhun, Exposure, Pixelmator, Instagram and other
ANY QUESTIONS - EYES?
WORLD’S MOST POPULAR IMAGE – EYES!
