Word Parts

• Photo – light

• Aerobic – requires oxygen

• Glyco – glucose

• Lysis – to split

– OLD

• Synthesis – to make• An – not• Ose – sugar• Chloro – green• Plast – storage area

Photosynthesis &Cellular Respiration

Photosynthesis

The conversion of sunlight into usable ATP energy

Common Chemical Compounds

• Carbon Dioxide - CO2 • Water - H2O• Glucose - C6H12O6

• Oxygen - O2

• ATP: Adenosine Triphosphate/Energy• ADP: Adenosine Diphosphate/Uncharged

Energy

The Equation for Photosynthesis

Reactants Products

6CO2 + 6H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2

6 Carbon Dioxide + 6 Water Glucose + 6 Oxygen

• Photosynthesis takes place in the chloroplast

• Plants use the colors of light to make energy, plants absorb the high energy colors like red while they reflect green light, this is why plants appear green. (ROYGBIV)

R: redO: orangeY: yellowG: greenB: blueI: indigoV: violet

2 Stages of Photosynthesis

1. Light Dependant Reaction – requires sunlight

2. Light In-Dependant Reaction – does NOT require sunlight

AKA: Calvin Cycle or Dark Reaction

Chloroplast

Light

H2O

O2

CO2

Sugars

NADP+

ADP + P

Calvin Cycle

Light- dependent reactions

Calvin cycle

ATP - Energy

Adenine

Ribose (sugar)

3 phosphates

Cellular Respiration

Photosynthesis is the OPPOSITE of cellular respiration.

The products for photosynthesis are the reactants of cellular respiration.

These processes work in constant cycle that’s why plants need animals and animals need plants.

Cellular respiration is how animal cells break down carbohydrates and other foods to make the energy needed for cell processes and everyday activities.

The Equation for Cellular Respiration

Reactants Products

C6H12O6 + 6O2 6H2O + 6CO2 + Energy

Glucose + 6 Oxygen 6 Water + 6 Carbon Dioxide + Energy

Cellular respiration takes place in the mitochondria of all eukaryotic cells.

There are 3 steps to cellular respiration:

1. Glycolysis – in cytoplasm

In Mitochondria

2. Citric Acid Cycle (Krebs Cycle)

3. Electron Transport Chain

Fermentation

• When there is no oxygen present, glycolysis is followed by a process called fermentation.

• This process is called anaerobic because it does NOT require oxygen

Two types of fermentation

• Alcoholic - when yeast and other microorganisms produce beer, liquor, wine and bread

• Lactic Acid: when muscles cramp and burn during rapid exercise.

ATP Production

• The total from Glycolysis is - 2 ATP

• The total after the complete cycle of cellular respiration is 36 ATP molecules from 1 glucose molecule