Phonics AlivePhonics AliveBeing Creative with Being Creative with

PhonicsPhonics

Xianggang Putonghua Yanxishe Primary School of Science and Creativity

Ants on the apple

a a a

Key Learning Area Curriculum Guide P.93

Reasons for Teaching Reasons for Teaching ReadingReading

Learning to Read Reading to Learn

Develop thinking

skills

Enrich knowledge

Enhance language

proficiency

Broaden life

experience

GraphophonicsGraphophonics Syntax Semantics

Teaching Strategies for Reading

Reading Strategies

Reading Aloud

Shared Reading

Supported Reading

IndependentReading

Storytelling

Reading in the HK Context

English Language Curriculum Guide (2004) A28

Do the Do the sounds I sounds I want to want to

say match say match the letters the letters

of the of the word?word?

Does this sentence

make sense?

Would we say the words in

this order?

Does this picture

match the word?

Basic Reading Strategies

Texte.g. pictures and

words

Worde.g. symbol and

sound

Sentencee.g.

punctuation

Basic Reading Strategies

What is phonics?What is phonics?

Part of teaching readingPart of teaching reading

Includes basic letter-sound relationshipIncludes basic letter-sound relationship

Facilitates all four skills Facilitates all four skills

Reading / WritingReading / Writing

Listening / SpeakingListening / Speaking

Why teach phonics?Why teach phonics?

Students can: Students can:

Recognized letter-sound relationshipsRecognized letter-sound relationships

Apply decoding skillsApply decoding skills

Improve confidence and proficiency in Improve confidence and proficiency in readingreading

When is phonics taught?When is phonics taught?

At an early ageAt an early age

When ss need reading skills to readWhen ss need reading skills to read

When ss need accuracy for spellingWhen ss need accuracy for spelling

How is phonics taught?How is phonics taught?

Single syllable words from booksSingle syllable words from books Decide on sequenceDecide on sequence One / Two letter-sounds per weekOne / Two letter-sounds per week Consonant sounds firsts – then vowel Consonant sounds firsts – then vowel

soundssounds Focus one way of reading and writing a Focus one way of reading and writing a

vowelvowel Include activitiesInclude activities Students read out words with focus soundStudents read out words with focus sound Model the skill of blendingModel the skill of blending

Process of Reading – Interactive Process of Reading – Interactive ModelModel

Knowledge, Experiences, Emotions

Reader/Speaker’s Intentions

MeaningMeaning

Text

Paragraphs

Words

Sentences

Letter/Sound Awareness & Knowledge

HKIEd, Reading To LearnModule 1

Top-down

Bottom-up

Top-down and Bottom-up Top-down and Bottom-up Approaches and ReadingApproaches and Reading

““iF yuo aer a fluet reodur yuo wll hve on iF yuo aer a fluet reodur yuo wll hve on pRblme reOdng the sNtnce.”pRblme reOdng the sNtnce.”

Features of the English Alphabet

The English alphabet … 26 letters … 44+ sounds … 110+ spelling combinations

(i) SAME LETTER HAS DIFFERENT SOUNDS

e.g. letter ‘a’ – past, what, pat, paint, auction, warm, again

(ii) SAME SOUND HAS DIFFERENT LETTERS

e.g. /OR/ – for, four, more, war

(iii) WORDS SOUND THE SAME BUT LOOK DIFFERENT [homophones]

e.g. there, their

(iv) WORDS LOOK THE SAME BUT SOUND DIFFERENT [homonyms]

e.g. bow/ bow, wound/ wound, wind/ wind

ACTION ALPHABETACTION ALPHABETCapitals Lowercase Cue Word

A a a … a … ankle B b b … b … back C c c … c … come D d d … d … down E e e … e … elbow F f f … f… fingers G g g … g … gun H h h … h … hair I i i … i … in J j j … j … jump K k k … k … kick L l l … l … leg M m m … m … mouth N n n … n … nose O o o … o … on P p p … p … point

Qu qu /kw/ … /kw/… quiet R r r … r … run S s s … s … sit T t t … t … teeth U u u … u … up V v v … v … victory W w w … w … wings X x /ks/ … /ks/ … six Y y y … y … yes Z z z … z … zip

ELEMENTS OF PHONICSELEMENTS OF PHONICS

(touch your ankle)

a

(ă)

ankle

VISUALVISUAL

AUDITORYAUDITORY

VISUAL [& VISUAL [& KINESTHETIC]KINESTHETIC]

KINESTHETICKINESTHETIC

VISUAL, SEMANTIC VISUAL, SEMANTIC [& KINESTHETIC][& KINESTHETIC]

Multisensory ApproachMultisensory ApproachSensory Channel PerceptionSensory Channel Perception

1. 1. VisualVisual2. 2. AuditoryAuditory

3. 3. OralOral

4. 4. TactileTactile

See shape of letterSee shape of letter

Hear sound of Hear sound of letterletterSaying sound of Saying sound of letterletterTouching / Making Touching / Making shape of lettershape of letter

5. 5. KinestheticKinesthetic Writing (hand / body) Writing (hand / body) shape of lettershape of letter

Teaching StepsTeaching Steps

READING ACTVITIESREADING ACTVITIES

T says a few words starting with ‘c’ and asks the ss – ‘What is the first sound/letter’; and writes letter on board

T elicits ss’ prior knowledge of words starting with ‘c’ and writes them on board

T shows pictures of words starting with ‘c’ to elicit ss’ prior knowledge

Ss skywrite the letter ‘c’ Ss write ‘c’ on back/palm of shoulder

partner

Importance of Importance of Games/Activities For Games/Activities For

Teaching PhonicsTeaching PhonicsAll sensory channels are used in a variety of

games and activities so that the teaching

target transfers from short-term memory to

long-term memory. Rhyme, song, jingles,

nursery rhymes, poetry, big books, stories

with repetitive and rhythmic language,

tongue twisters, games with a beat/rhythm

and movement are essential here to heighten

the students’ awareness of letter-sound

relationships, i.e. phonics.

EXAMPLES OF EXAMPLES OF CREATIVE PHONICS CREATIVE PHONICS

ACTIVITIESACTIVITIESActivities completed during this Phonics Workshop:• Alphabet Chant• I Spy• Human Words• Phoneme Frame• Action Alphabet• Sky Writing / Body Writing

Extra Phonics Extra Phonics Games and ActivitiesGames and Activities

1. Moulding / Feeling Letter Shapes2. Phonic Fans3. Clapping a Beat with a Partner 4. Silent Relays 5. Tongue Twisters 6. Battleships7. Onsets and Rimes8. Last Letter/Sound of Previous Word Chain9. Word Ladder (change one letter each

time)

sat pat pet pen …

Thank

you!