Phonetics: Vowels

Vowel Qualities

The placement of the body of the tongue: Vertical: high – mid – low

Horizontal: front – central – back

The shape of the lips: Rounded – Unrounded

The lowering of the velum: Nasal vowel

The degree of the vocal tract contriction: Tense – Lax

Types of English Vowels

Tense Monophthongs

Lax Monophthongs

Diphthongs

Tense Vowels are made with a relatively tense tongue and greater vocal tract constriction

Tense Vowels are made with a relatively tense tongue and greater vocal tract constriction

[i]: high front unrounded

[ey]: mid front unrounded

[uw]: high back rounded

[o]: mid back rounded

[ɑ]: low back unrounded

Beat

Bait

Boot

Boat

Bought

Lax vowels are made with a placement of the tongue that results in relatively less vocal tract constriction

[ɪ ]: high front unrounded

[ɛ]: mid front unrounded

[æ]: low front unrounded

[ʌ]: mid central unrounded

[ə]: mid central unrounded

Bit

Bet

Bat

But

About

Diphthongs [ɛi] = lake, day [ai] = like, try [oi] = boil, boy [ou] = go, hope [au] = cloud, cow [iə] = dear, idea [ɛə] = care, hair [uɪ] = fluent, sure

IPA Vowels

Transcription to Spelling1. Whose

2. Calm

3. Deaf

4. Ache

5. Prayer

6. Comb

7. Shove

8. Debt

9. Friend

1. [huwz]

2. [Kɑlm]

3. [dɛf]

4. [Ɛik]

5. [preiər]

6. [kowm]

7. [ʃʌv]

8. [dɛt]

9. [frɛnd]

Spelling to Transcription1. Heart

2. Yatch

3. Rhyme

4. Brake

5. Women

6. Plumber

1. [hɑrt]

2. [yɑt]

3. [rɑim]

4. [brɛik]

5. [wɪmɪn]

6. [plʌmər]

Write the spelling of the following transcriptionWrite the spelling of the following transcription

dætə kəmpɑɪld bɑi ðʌ yuwnɪvərsɪdi ʌv nowrθ kɛrowlɑinəz næʃənəl sɛntər fowr kædɪstrɑfɪk spowrts ɪnjəri risərtʃ sɑits 67 fɛitəl owr lɑif-θrɛtɪniŋ ɪnjəriz duw tuw tʃiɛrlidiŋ sɪns 1982, mɛkiŋ ɪt bɑi fɑr ðʌ mowst pɛrɪləs spowrt fowr hɑi skuwl ænd kɑlidʒ-aidʒ fimɛl æθlits, tɑim.kɑm ripowrts.

Data compiled by the University of North Carolina's National Center for Catastrophic Sports Injury Research (NCCSI) cites 67 fatal or life-threatening injuries due to cheerleading since 1982, making it by far the most perilous sport for high school and college-age female athletes, Time.com reports.