PAPER I

Section A: History and Problems of Philosophy:

1. Plato and Aristotle:

a. Ideas;

b. Substance;

c. Form and Matter;

d. Causation;

e. Actuality and Potentiality.

2. Rationalism (Descartes, Spinoza, Leibniz):

a. Cartesian Method and Certain Knowledge;

b. Substance;

c. God;

d. Mind-Body Dualism;

e. Determinism and Freedom.

3. Empiricism (Locke, Berkeley, Hume):

a. Theory of Knowledge;

b. Substance and Qualities;

c. Self and God;

d. Scepticism.

4. Kant:

a. Possibility of Synthetic a priori Judgments;

b. Space and Time;

c. Categories;

d. Ideas of Reason;

e. Antinomies;

f. Critique of Proofs for the Existence of God

5. Hegel:

a. Dialectical Method;

b. Absolute Idealism;

6. Moore, Russell and Early Wittgenstein:

a. Defence of Common sense;

b. Refutation of Idealism;

c. Logical Atomism;

d. Logical Constructions;

e. Incomplete Symbols;

f. Picture Theory of Meaning;

g. Saying and Showing.

7. Logical Positivism:

a. Verification Theory of Meaning;

b. Rejection of Metaphysics;

c. Linguistic Theory of Necessary Propositions.

8. Later Wittgenstein:

a. Meaning and Use;

b. Language-games;

c. Critique of Private Language.

9. Phenomenology (Husserl):

a. Method;

b. Theory of Essences;

c. Avoidance of Psychologism.

10. Existentialism (Kierkegaard, Sartre, Heidegger):

a. Existence and Essence;

b. Choice, Responsibility and Authentic Existence;

c. Being-in-the world and Temporality;

11. Quine and Strawson:

a. Critique of Empiricism;

b. Theory of Basic Particulars and Persons;

Section B: Indian Philosophy:

1. Crvka:

a. Theory of Knowledge;

b. Rejection of Transcendent Entities.

2. Jainism:

a. Theory of Reality;

b. Saptabhaginaya;

c. Bondage and Liberation.

3. Schools of Buddhism:

a. Prattyasamutpda;

b. Ksanikavada,

c. Nairtmyavda

4. Nyya- Vaiesika:

a. Theory of Categories;

b. Theory of Appearance;

c. Theory of Pramna;

d. Self-Liberation;

e. God;

f. Proofs for the Existence of God;

g. Theory of Causation;

h. Atomistic Theory of Creation.

5. Smkhya:

a. Prakrti;

b. Purusa;

c. Causation;

d. Liberation

6. Yoga:

a. Citta;

b. Cittavrtti;

c. Klesas;

d. Samadhi;

e. Kaivalya.

7. Mimms:

a. Theory of Knowledge

8. Schools of Vednta:

a. Brahman;

b. vara;

c. tman;

d. Jiva;

e. Jagat;

f. My;

g. Avidy;

h. Adhysa;

i. Moksa;

j. Aprthaksiddhi;

k. Pancavidhabheda

9. Aurobindo:

a. Evolution, Involution;

b. Integral Yoga.

PAPER II

Section A: Socio-Political Philosophy

1. Social and Political Ideals:

a. Equality;

b. Justice;

c. Liberty;

2. Sovereignty:

a. Austin;

b. Bodin;

c. Laski;

d. Kautilya;

3. Individual and State:

a. Rights;

b. Duties and Accountability

4. Forms of Government:

a. Monarchy;

b. Theocracy;

c. Democracy;

5. Political Ideologies:

a. Anarchism;

b. Marxism;

c. Socialism;

6. Humanism; Secularism; Multi-culturalism;

7. Crime and Punishment:

a. Corruption;

b. Mass Violence;

c. Genocide;

d. Capital Punishment;

8. Development and Social Progress.

9. Gender Discrimination:

a. Female Foeticide;

b. Land and Property Rights;

c. Empowerment;

10. Caste Discrimination:

a. Gandhi;

b. Ambedkar;

Section B: Philosophy of Religion:

1. Notions of God:

a. Attributes;

b. Relation to Man and the World; (Indian and Western).

2. Proofs for the Existence of God and their Critique (Indian

and Western).

3. Problem of Evil.

4. Soul:

a. Immortality;

b. Rebirth and Liberation.

5. Reason, Revelation and Faith.

6. Religious Experience: Nature and Object (Indian and

Western).

7. Religion without God.

8. Religion and Morality.

9. Religious Pluralism and the Problem of Absolute Truth.

10. Nature of Religious Language:

a. Analogical and Symbolic;

b. Cognitivist and Non- cognitive.