ASSIGNMENT BOOKLET

Bachelor's Degree Programme (B.Sc.)

MODERN PHYSICS

School of Sciences

Indira Gandhi National Open University

Maidan Garhi, New Delhi-110068

(2012)

PHE-11

Please Note

• You can take electives (56 to 64 credits) from a minimum of TWO and a

maximum of FOUR science disciplines, viz. Physics, Chemistry, Life

Sciences and Mathematics.

• You can opt for elective courses worth a MINIMUM OF 8 CREDITS and a

MAXIMUM OF 48 CREDITS from any of these four disciplines.

• At least 25% of the total credits that you register for in the elective

courses from Life Sciences, Chemistry and Physics disciplines must be

from the laboratory courses. For example, if you opt for a total of 64

credits of electives in these 3 disciplines, at least 16 credits should be

from lab courses.

• You cannot appear in the Term-End Examination of any course without

registering for the course. Otherwise, your result will not be declared

and the onus will be on you.

It is compulsory to submit the Assignment before filling in the

Term-End Examination Form.

Valid from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2012

2

Dear Student,

We hope you are familiar with the system of evaluation to be followed for the Bachelor’s Degree

Programme. At this stage you may probably like to re-read the section on assignments in the Programme Guide for Elective Courses that we sent you after your enrolment. A weightage of 30 per cent, as you are

aware, has been earmarked for continuous evaluation, which would consist of one tutor-marked

assignment for this course.

Instructions for Formatting Your Assignments

Before attempting the assignment please read the following instructions carefully:

1) On top of the first page of your TMA answer sheet, please write the details exactly in the following

format:

ENROLMENT NO.:……………………………………………

NAME :……………………………………………

ADDRESS :……………………………………………

……………………………………………

……………………………………………

COURSE CODE: …………………….

COURSE TITLE : …………………….

ASSIGNMENT NO. ………………….…

STUDY CENTRE: ………………..….. DATE : ….………………………………………...

PLEASE FOLLOW THE ABOVE FORMAT STRICTLY TO FACILITATE EVALUATION AND

TO AVOID DELAY.

2) Use only foolscap size writing paper (but not of very thin variety) for writing your answers.

3) Leave 4 cm margin on the left, top and bottom of your answer sheet.

4) Your answers should be precise.

5) While solving problems, clearly indicate the question number along with the part being solved. Be precise. Write units at each step of your calculations as done in the text because marks will be

deducted for such mistakes. Take care of significant digits in your work. Recheck your work before

submitting it.

6) This assignment will remain valid from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2012. However, you are

advised to submit it within 12 weeks of receiving this booklet to accomplish its purpose as a teaching-tool.

Answer sheets received after the due date shall not be accepted.

We strongly feel that you should retain a copy of your assignment response to avoid any unforeseen

situation and append, if possible, a photocopy of this booklet with your response.

We wish you good luck.

3

Tutor Marked Assignment

PHE-11: Modern Physics

Course Code: PHE-11 Assignment Code: PHE-11/TMA/2012

Max. Marks: 100

Note: Attempt all questions. Symbols have their usual meanings. The marks for each question are

indicated against it.

1. a) How does the fact that the speed of light is constant lead to relativity of simultaneity? Explain in about 250 words with the help of an example. (10)

b) What is the speed of an electron (me = 0.511 MeV/c2) with a momentum of 100 MeV/c? What

is the speed of a proton (mp = 940 MeV/c2) with a momentum of 100 MeV/c? (5+5)

c) At what speed is a particle’s kinetic energy equal to its rest mass energy? (5)

2. a) A non relativistic particle is moving three times as fast as an electron. The ratio of the de

Broglie wavelength of the particle with respect to that of the electron is 1.813 × 10−4

. Identify

the particle. (5)

b) The speed of a bullet of mass 0.05 kg and the speed of an electron are measured to be the same,

300 ms−1

, with an uncertainty of 0.01%. With what accuracy would we measure the position of

each, if position is measured simultaneously with the speed in the experiment? Comment on the

result. (5)

c) Consider a particle of mass m which can move freely along the x-axis between 22

axa ≤≤− but

is prohibited from going outside this region. The wave function for the lowest energy state is

( ) h/cos,

Etie

a

xAtx

−π=ψ for

22

axa ≤≤−

= 0 elsewhere

Using the time dependent Schrödinger Equation, determine the value of E for this lowest energy

state. (10)

d) Show that the product AB is not Hermitian, if A and B are Hermitian operators. Under what

condition would AB be a Hermitian operator? (5)

3. a) Calculate the expectation value of the potential energy for the hydrogen atom in the state Ψ 210.

(10)

b) If the K, L, and M energy levels of Platinum lie roughly at 78 KeV, 12 KeV, and 3 KeV,

respectively, compute the approximate wavelengths of the Kα and Kβ lines. What minimum

potential difference across an X-ray tube is required to excite these lines? (10)

c) Obtain the ground state spectral term for Sr 38

. (5)

4. a) The decay constant λ of a radioactive element is 0.00231 per day. Calculate its half-life and

average life. (5)

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b) Draw the binding energy curve showing variation of binding energy per nucleon with mass

number. With the help of this explain the phenomena of nuclear fission and fusion. (5)

c) Describe the working of (i) Wilson cloud chamber, (ii) bubble chamber, (iii) spark chamber, and

(iv) proportional chamber. (10)

d) The mass of a proton and of neutron are 1.008142 and 1.008982 amu respectively. Calculate the

binding energy per nucleon of 16

O nucleus.

[Take Atomic mass of 16

O = 15.994915 amu] (5)

******

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TENTATIVE SCHEDULE FOR PHYSICS PROGRAMMES BROADCAST

ON GYAN DARSHAN 1

January 2012 – December 2012

This is the tentative schedule for Physics students. The students may approach their cable operator to avail this facility.

Date/Day Time Slot Course Code Video Programme Title

January 2012

08-01-12

(Sun)

9.00–9.30 pm PHE-15 Glimpses of the Cosmos

15-01-12 (Sun)

9.00–9.30 pm PHE-02 Simple Harmonic Motion

22-01-12

(Sun)

9.00–9.30 pm PHE-15 Exploring the Night Sky

24-01-12 (Tues)

8.30-9.00 am PHE-02 Dolan

February 2012

12-02-12 (Sun)

9.00–9.30 pm PHE-15 On the Trail of Stars

14-02-12

(Tues)

8.30-9.00 am PHE-06 Second Law of Thermodynamics

21-02-12 (Tues)

8.30-9.00 am PHE-02 Coupled Oscillations

March 2012

06-03-12

(Tues)

8.30-9.00 am PHE- 13 Introduction to Crystal Structure

13-03-12 (Tues)

8.30-9.00 am PHE- 15 Astronomical Coordinates

18-03-12

(Sun)

9.00–9.30 pm PHE- 10 Operational Amplifier

20-03-12 (Tues)

8.30-9.00 am PHE- 06 Carnot Cycle

April 2012

08-04-12

(Sun)

9-00-9.30 pm PHE- 15 Astronomical Measurements (Measurement of

Distance and Brightness)

15-04-12

(Sun)

9-00-9.30 pm PHE- 01 Rotating Frames of Reference

May 2012

13-05-12 (Sun)

9.00-9.30 pm PHE -15 Astronomical Measurements (Measurement of Mass, Temperature and Time)

15-05-12

(Tues)

8.30-9.00 am PHE -10 Logic Gates

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Date/Day Time Slot Course Code Video Programme Title

July 2012

08-07-12

(Sun)

9.00-9.30 pm PHE-04 Vector Calculus Part-I

10-07-12 (Tues)

8.30-9.00 am PHE-01 Exploring Physics: Experiment with Low cost Materials

15-07-12

(Sun)

9.00-9.30 pm LT- 04 Physics Lab Technician: Know your job

22-07-12 (Sun)

9.00-9.30 pm LT- 04 Bhautiki Prayogshala Technician: Aapka Kaam

24-07-12

(Tues)

8.30-9.00 am PHE-01 The Bicycle: A Vehicle for Teaching Physics

August 2012

07-08-12

(Tues)

8.30-9.00 am PHE- 01 The Physics of Dance

14-08-12

(Tues)

8.30-9.00 am PHE- 15 The Milky Way

21-08-12

(Tues)

8.30-9.00 am PHE -04 Vector Calculus Part-II

28-08-12 (Tues)

8.30-9.00 am PHE- 15 Stellar Spectra and Classification

September 2012

04-09-12

(Tues)

8.30-9.00 am PHE- 10 Digital Modulation

09-09-12 (Sun)

9.00-9.30 am PHE -10 Amplitude Modulation

11-09-12

(Tues)

8.30-9.00 am PHE- 06 First Law of Thermodynamics

October 2012

07-10-12

(Sun)

9.00–9.30 pm PHE-06 Applications of the First Law of Thermodynamics

14-10-12

(Sun)

9.00–9.30 pm PHE-15 Stellar Structure

November 2012

11-11-12

(Sun)

9.00–9.30 pm PHE-10 Transistor Biasing

December 2012

16-12-12

(Sun)

9.00–9.30 pm PHE-06 Thermodynamics in Action

18-12-12

(Tues)

8.30-9.00 am PHE-06 Ushmagatiki ke Anuprayog

25-12-12

(Tues)

8.30-9.00 am PHE-10 Electronic Device

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TENTATIVE SCHEDULE FOR PHYSICS STUDENTS ON DD1 (National Network)

JANUARY 2012 TO NOVEMBER 2012

Time: 6.00 AM to 6.30 AM

Month/Date* Course Topic

January 2012

09-01-12

PHE-13 Introduction to Crystal Structure

February 2012

13-02-12

PHE-01 Ghurni Nirdesh Tantra (Hindi)

March 2012

12-03-12

PHE-15 The Milky Way

April 2012

09-04-12

PHE-10 Semiconductor Diode

May 2012

14-05-12

PHE-15 On the Trail of Stars

July 2012

09-07-12

PHE-10 Operational Amplifier

August 2012

13-08-12

PHE-02 Coupled Oscillations

September 2012

10-09-12

PHE-10 Transistor Configuration

October 2012

08-10-12

PHE-06 Thermodynamics in Action

November 2012

12-11-12

PHE-15 Exploring the Night Sky

* Second Monday of every month

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Dear Student,

We would like to get your feedback on the course entitled "Modern Physics"

(PHE-11) while you are studying it. Fill in your answers about each unit while

you are studying/revising it.

THIS FEEDBACK IS COMPULSORY AND YOU MUST SEND IT BACK

TO US. Please keep a copy of your assignment and feedback with you for

the sake of record.

Do not give incorrect information just to please us. Your answers should be based on your own experience, good or bad; pleasant or otherwise.

PLEASE SEND YOUR FEEDBACK TO US AT THE FOLLOWING ADDRESS:

Course Coordinator, PHE –11

School of Sciences, IGNOU

Room No.128, Raman Block

New Academic Complex

Maidan Garhi

New Delhi – 110068

SUBMIT THE ASSIGNMENT RESPONSES OF PHE-11 AT YOUR

STUDY CENTRE.

If you face any difficulty regarding the course, please feel free to contact us on

the e-mail: vijayashri@ignou.ac.in.

We wish you all the very best.

VIJAYSHRI

Course Coordinator, PHE –11

9

FEEDBACK ON “MODERN PHYSICS” (PHE-11)

Tick (√√√√) the appropriate responses, wherever needed.

1. a. Name : …………………………………… b. Male / Female

c. Enrolment Number: ………………………. d. Date of birth : ………………

e. Study Centre Code and Name .…………………………...

2. Do you have access to Internet? At home / Yes, at a friend’s home / Yes, at cyber café / Yes, at

study centre / No

If yes, write your e-mail address: .......................................................................................................

3. Are you doing B.Sc. Major in Physics? Yes/No.

If not, please list the Physics electives you have opted for in B.Sc.

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4. List the electives that you have taken from other disciplines.

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5. Rate your proficiency in English: Very good/ good/ fair/ average/ not so good

6. Are you employed? Yes/No.

If yes, please specify the nature of the employment

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7. Did you study the course introduction and block introductions before studying the units.

Yes/No.

a) If yes, do you have any suggestions about their content, length, language, etc.

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8. Did you read the introduction and objectives of each Unit before studying it? Yes/No.

9. Are the introduction and objectives of the Units clear to you? Yes/No.

If not, list the difficulties:

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10. Put a tick mark on the correct response:

(i) The level of the course was as I

expected.

Yes/No, it was too high/ No, it was lower.

(ii) The topics, concepts covered were interesting and informative.

Yes /No

(iii) The mathematics used was as I

expected.

Yes/No, it was Difficult/No, it was easy

(iv) I would have preferred a non-

mathematical explanation. Yes /No

11. Would you like:

(i) to attend radio counseling for the course? Yes /No

If yes, please mention the preferred timings

(ii) to attend teleconferencing for the course? Yes /No

If yes, please mention the preferred timings.

(iii) your difficulties to be solved through letters from

counsellors?

Yes /No

(iv) to use the INTERNET facilities for counseling? Yes /No

12. Do you use computer for study purpose? Yes/No

If yes, which software packages do you use?

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13. Your overall comments on the course. (Write the comments on the course after studying it.)

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14. Please fill the enclosed annexure to give us unit-wise feedback.

15. If you have filled in words like 'not clear/difficult/not sufficient/not interesting', etc. in any of the rows and columns for the units in Annexure, please mention what is not clear about each part.

Use additional pages if need be.

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16. What (e.g., explanation, diagram, examples, definitions, etc.) would you like to be added or

deleted in the units to make it easier to study? Use additional pages if your answer is long.

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17. Have you received teaching comments from counsellors on your TMA responses for other physics electives that can help you in learning the concepts better? Yes/No

If yes, please list all such TMAs.

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ANNEXURE

4. Unit wise Feedback : Answer this part while studying each unit or immediately afterwards.

Note : Please tell us about your difficulties in studying each section of the units. To describe your response, you may select the appropriate words from among the following : not clear, not sufficient, difficult, not relevant, not interesting. If you wish, you can use any other words. For

example, if you feel that the language used in Sec. 1.2 is difficult and not clear, you should write the words ‘difficult, not clear’ at *. In the last

column, you have to tell the approximate time you have taken to study each section.

Block 1 Unit 1 : Emergence of Special Relativity

Section Explanation of

Concepts Examples

Given Language

used Mathematics

used Technical Definitions

Figures and Tables

SAQs and Terminal

Questions

Time taken to study the

section (min./h.)

1.2 *

1.2.1

1.2.2

1.3

1.3.1

1.3.2

1.3.3

1.4

1.4.1

1.4.2

14

Block 1 Unit 2 : Relativistic Kinematics

Section Explanation of

Concepts

Examples

given

Language

used

Mathematics

used

Technical

Definitions

Figures and

Tables

SAQs and

Terminal

Questions

Time taken to

study the section

(min./h.)

2.2

2.3

2.3.1

2.3.2

2.3.3

2.4

2.5

Block 1 Unit 3 : Relativistic Dynamics

Section Explanation of

Concepts

Examples

given

Language

used

Mathematics

used

Technical

Definitions

Figures and

Tables

SAQs and

Terminal Questions

Time taken to

study the section (min./h.)

3.2

3.2.1

3.2.2

3.2.3

3.3

3.3.1

3.3.2

15

Block 2 Unit 4: Wave-Particle Duality

Section Explanation of

Concepts

Examples

given

Language

used

Mathematics

used

Technical

Definitions

Figures and

Tables

SAQs and

Terminal

Questions

Time taken to

study the section

(min./h.)

4.2

4.3

4.3.1

4.3.2

Block 2 Unit 5 : Matter Waves and Uncertainty Principle

Section Explanation of

Concepts

Examples

given

Language

used

Mathematics

used

Technical

Definitions

Figures and

Tables

SAQs and

Terminal

Questions

Time taken to

study the section

(min./h.)

5.2

5.3

5.3.1

5.3.2

16

Block 2 Unit 6 : Schrödinger Equation

Section Explanation of

Concepts

Examples

given

Language

used

Mathematics

used

Technical

Definitions

Figures and

Tables

SAQs and

Terminal

Questions

Time taken to

study the section

(min./h.)

6.2

6.3

6.3.1

6.3.2

6.4

6.4.1

Block 2 Unit 7: Observables and Operators

Section Explanation of

Concepts

Examples

given

Language

used

Mathematics

used

Technical

Definitions

Figures and

Tables

SAQs and

Terminal

Questions

Time taken to

study the section

(min./h.)

7.2

7.2.1

7.2.2

7.3

7.4

17

Block 3 Unit 8: Some Simple Systems

Section Explanation of

Concepts

Examples

given

Language

used

Mathematics

used

Technical

Definitions

Figures and

Tables

SAQs and

Terminal

Questions

Time taken to

study the section

(min./h.)

8.2

8.3

8.4

8.5

8.6

Block 3 Unit 9 : Spherically Symmetric Systems: Hydrogen Atom

Section Explanation of

Concepts

Examples

given

Language

used

Mathematics

used

Technical

Definitions

Figures and

Tables

SAQs and

Terminal

Questions

Time taken to

study the section

(min./h.)

9.2

9.2.1

9.2.2

9.2.3

9.3

9.3.1

9.3.2

18

Block 3 Unit 10: Atomic Spectra

Section Explanation of

Concepts

Examples

given

Language

used

Mathematics

used

Technical

Definitions

Figures and

Tables

SAQs and

Terminal

Questions

Time taken to

study the section

(min./h.)

10.2

10.3

10.4

10.5

10.6

10.7

Block 3 Unit 11: X-ray Spectra

Section Explanation of

Concepts

Examples

given

Language

used

Mathematics

used

Technical

Definitions

Figures and

Tables

SAQs and

Terminal

Questions

Time taken to

study the section

(min./h.)

11.2

11.3

11.4

19

Block 4 Unit 12: Radioactivity

Section Explanation of

Concepts

Examples

given

Language

used

Mathematics

used

Technical

Definitions

Figures and

Tables

SAQs and

Terminal

Questions

Time taken to

study the section

(min./h.)

12.2

12.3

12.4

12.5

12.5.1

Block 4 Unit 13: The Atomic Nucleus

Section Explanation of

Concepts

Examples

given

Language

used

Mathematics

used

Technical

Definitions

Figures and

Tables

SAQs and

Terminal Questions

Time taken to

study the section (min./h.)

13.2

13.3

13.4

13.4.1

13.4.2

13.5

13.5.1

13.5.2

20

Block 4 Unit 14 : Applied Nuclear Science

Section Explanation of

Concepts

Examples

given

Language

used

Mathematics

used

Technical

Definitions

Figures and

Tables

SAQs and

Terminal

Questions

Time taken to

study the section

(min./h.)

14.2

14.3

14.3.1

14.3.2

14.4

14.5

Block 4 Unit 15: Elementary Particles

Section Explanation of

Concepts

Examples

given

Language

used

Mathematics

used

Technical

Definitions

Figures and

Tables

SAQs and

Terminal

Questions

Time taken to

study the section

(min./h.)

15.2

15.3

15.4

15.4.1

15.4.2

15.5

15.6

21

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