pgnet 20071 m. f. chiang m. f. chiang, z. ghassemlooy, wai pang ng, and h. le minh optical...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: PGNET 20071 M. F. Chiang M. F. Chiang, Z. Ghassemlooy, Wai Pang Ng, and H. Le Minh Optical Communication Research Group Northumbria University, United](https://reader038.vdocuments.mx/reader038/viewer/2022103015/551b35a05503465c7e8b4bc0/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
1M. F. Chiang PGNET 2007
M. F. Chiang, Z. Ghassemlooy, Wai Pang Ng,
and H. Le Minh
Optical Communication Research Group
Northumbria University, United Kingdom
http://soe.unn.ac.uk/ncrlab/
Simulation of an All-Optical 1 2 SMZ Switch with a High Contrast Ratio
![Page 2: PGNET 20071 M. F. Chiang M. F. Chiang, Z. Ghassemlooy, Wai Pang Ng, and H. Le Minh Optical Communication Research Group Northumbria University, United](https://reader038.vdocuments.mx/reader038/viewer/2022103015/551b35a05503465c7e8b4bc0/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
2M. F. Chiang PGNET 2007
Contents
Introduction
Symmetric Mach-Zehnder (SMZ)
Optical inverter based on SMZ
All-Optical 1 2 SMZ Switch with a High Contrast Ratio
Simulation Results
Conclusions
![Page 3: PGNET 20071 M. F. Chiang M. F. Chiang, Z. Ghassemlooy, Wai Pang Ng, and H. Le Minh Optical Communication Research Group Northumbria University, United](https://reader038.vdocuments.mx/reader038/viewer/2022103015/551b35a05503465c7e8b4bc0/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
3M. F. Chiang PGNET 2007
Introduction- Research Aim
There is a growing demand for all optical switches and router at very high speed, to avoid the bottleneck imposed by the electronic switches.
All-optical switches, such as SMZs are the key components adopted for switching and routing due to their ultrafast switching time (pico- to sub-picoseconds). However, SMZs have low inter-output CR (< 10 dB).
It is essential to have a high inter-output CR switch for lower value of output crosstalk (CXT).
![Page 4: PGNET 20071 M. F. Chiang M. F. Chiang, Z. Ghassemlooy, Wai Pang Ng, and H. Le Minh Optical Communication Research Group Northumbria University, United](https://reader038.vdocuments.mx/reader038/viewer/2022103015/551b35a05503465c7e8b4bc0/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
4M. F. Chiang PGNET 2007
Ref: www.iqe.ethz.ch/photonics
SMZ SMZ
UNIUNI TOAD TOAD
Ref: (Princeton)
Ref: (Japan)
Introduction All-Optical Switches
![Page 5: PGNET 20071 M. F. Chiang M. F. Chiang, Z. Ghassemlooy, Wai Pang Ng, and H. Le Minh Optical Communication Research Group Northumbria University, United](https://reader038.vdocuments.mx/reader038/viewer/2022103015/551b35a05503465c7e8b4bc0/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
5M. F. Chiang PGNET 2007
Semiconductor Optical Amplifier (SOA)
Input signals (light)
Carrier density &
SOA gain (XGM)
SOA refractive index &
Induced phase (XPM)
Input signals
P
N
Injection current
SOA
![Page 6: PGNET 20071 M. F. Chiang M. F. Chiang, Z. Ghassemlooy, Wai Pang Ng, and H. Le Minh Optical Communication Research Group Northumbria University, United](https://reader038.vdocuments.mx/reader038/viewer/2022103015/551b35a05503465c7e8b4bc0/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
6M. F. Chiang PGNET 2007
SMZ (Symmetric Mach-Zehnder)
Advantages: 1. narrow and square switching window2. compact size3. thermal stability and low power operation
Drawback: 1. Low inter-output CR (< 10 dB) due to the problem of maintaining the same
phase shift.
Undesired signal
![Page 7: PGNET 20071 M. F. Chiang M. F. Chiang, Z. Ghassemlooy, Wai Pang Ng, and H. Le Minh Optical Communication Research Group Northumbria University, United](https://reader038.vdocuments.mx/reader038/viewer/2022103015/551b35a05503465c7e8b4bc0/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
7M. F. Chiang PGNET 2007
S’(t+π/2)
S’(t)
S’’(t)
S’’’(t)
S’’’(t+π/2)
Pout,1(t)=S’’’(t)+S’’’(t+π/2+π/2)
Pout,2(t)=S’’’(t+π/2)+S’’’(t+π/2)
Pin(t)=S(t)
Signals emerge from output2
S’(t+π/2)
S’(t)
S’’(t)
S’’(t+π/2)
S’’’(t+ π)
S’’’(t+π/2)
Pout,1(t)=S’’’(t + π)+S’’’(t+π/2+π/2)
Pout,2(t)=S’’’(t+π/2 + π)+S’’’(t+π/2)
Pin(t)=S(t)
Signals emerge form output1CP1
π
Case 1: Without CP (SMZ is balanced)
Case 2: With CP1 only (SMZ unbalanced) Case 3: With both CP1&CP2
(SMZ is balanced again)
CP2π
Pout,2(t)=S’’’(t+π/2 + π)+S’’’(t+π/2 + π)
Pout,1(t)=S’’’(t + π)+S’’’(t+π/2+π/2 + π)
Signals emerge from output2 again
S’’’(t+π/2+ π )
Symmetric Mach-Zehnder (SMZ)Case 1: Without CP (SMZ is balanced)
Case 2: With CP1 only (SMZ unbalanced)
PC2
Output2
Output1
Coupler4
Coupler3
Coupler2
Coupler1
SOA2
SOA1 PBS
PC1
PBSS’’(t+π/2)
PC2
Output2
Output1
Coupler4
Coupler3
Coupler2
Coupler1
SOA2
SOA1 PBS
PC1
PBS
PC 3-dB coupler PBS
![Page 8: PGNET 20071 M. F. Chiang M. F. Chiang, Z. Ghassemlooy, Wai Pang Ng, and H. Le Minh Optical Communication Research Group Northumbria University, United](https://reader038.vdocuments.mx/reader038/viewer/2022103015/551b35a05503465c7e8b4bc0/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
8M. F. Chiang PGNET 2007
All-Optical 1 2 SMZ Switch with a High Contrast Ratio
SMZ1
SMZ2
inverter CP
CP
CP
Output1 (SMZ1_op1) Input packets
CLK CEM
SMZ1_op2
Output2 (SMZ2_op1)
CEM: clock extraction module
low inter-output CR (< 10 dB)
Improved CR (> 32 dB)
![Page 9: PGNET 20071 M. F. Chiang M. F. Chiang, Z. Ghassemlooy, Wai Pang Ng, and H. Le Minh Optical Communication Research Group Northumbria University, United](https://reader038.vdocuments.mx/reader038/viewer/2022103015/551b35a05503465c7e8b4bc0/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
9M. F. Chiang PGNET 2007
All-optical inverter based on SMZ
A A bar
1 0
0 1
SOA
SOA
Input (CLK)
CP 1 (CLK)
CP 2 (A)
Output (A bar)
![Page 10: PGNET 20071 M. F. Chiang M. F. Chiang, Z. Ghassemlooy, Wai Pang Ng, and H. Le Minh Optical Communication Research Group Northumbria University, United](https://reader038.vdocuments.mx/reader038/viewer/2022103015/551b35a05503465c7e8b4bc0/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
10M. F. Chiang PGNET 2007
Simulation Results-Simulation Parameter
Simulation Tool: Virtual Photonic Inc. (VPI)
Parameter and description Value
Inject current 0.15 A
Length 500 x 10-6 m
Width 3 x 10-6 m
Height 80 x 10-9 m
Confinement factor 0.15
Differential gain 2.78 x 10-20 m2
Carrier density at transparency 1.4 x 1024 m-3
Initial carrier density 3 x 1024 m-3
Linewidth enhancement factor 5
Recombine constant A 1.43 x 108 s-1
Recombine constant B 1 x 10-16 m3s-1
Recombine constant C 3 x 10-41 m6s-1
TABLE ISOA SIMULATION PARAMETER
TABLE IISIGNAL AND CONTROL PULSES
DEFAULT PARAMETERS
Parameter and description Value
Data packet bit rate – 1/Tb 160 Gb/s
Packet payload length 1 bytes (8 bits)
Packet guard time 1.5 ns
Wavelength of data packet 1554 nm
Data & control pulse widths – FWHM 2 ps
Bit duration Tb 6.25 ps
Control signal (CP) power 40 mW
![Page 11: PGNET 20071 M. F. Chiang M. F. Chiang, Z. Ghassemlooy, Wai Pang Ng, and H. Le Minh Optical Communication Research Group Northumbria University, United](https://reader038.vdocuments.mx/reader038/viewer/2022103015/551b35a05503465c7e8b4bc0/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
11M. F. Chiang PGNET 2007
Simulation Results-Time Waveforms
Output waveforms observed at the proposed 12 switch
Input packets
Control pulse
Output1
Output2
![Page 12: PGNET 20071 M. F. Chiang M. F. Chiang, Z. Ghassemlooy, Wai Pang Ng, and H. Le Minh Optical Communication Research Group Northumbria University, United](https://reader038.vdocuments.mx/reader038/viewer/2022103015/551b35a05503465c7e8b4bc0/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
12M. F. Chiang PGNET 2007
Simulation Results-Time Waveforms
Output CR ratio observed at the proposed 12 switch
CR (< 10 dB)
The improvedCR (> 30 dB)
![Page 13: PGNET 20071 M. F. Chiang M. F. Chiang, Z. Ghassemlooy, Wai Pang Ng, and H. Le Minh Optical Communication Research Group Northumbria University, United](https://reader038.vdocuments.mx/reader038/viewer/2022103015/551b35a05503465c7e8b4bc0/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
13M. F. Chiang PGNET 2007
Simulation Results-The contrast ratio (CR) against the
input packet power
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
0 1 2 3 4 5 10 12
Input packet power (dBm)
CR
(dB
) CR of A bar
CR at output1
CR at output2
CP
![Page 14: PGNET 20071 M. F. Chiang M. F. Chiang, Z. Ghassemlooy, Wai Pang Ng, and H. Le Minh Optical Communication Research Group Northumbria University, United](https://reader038.vdocuments.mx/reader038/viewer/2022103015/551b35a05503465c7e8b4bc0/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
14M. F. Chiang PGNET 2007
Conclusion In this paper, the advantages and drawbacks of SMZs were introduced.
The principle of the proposed all-optical 1 2 SMZ switch with a high contrast ratio was explained.
It was shown that a high Inter-output CR ( > 32 dB) was achieved over a wide range of input packet power (12 dB).
The proposed 12 switch offered an improvement in the inter-output CR of ~ 25 dB in comparison with a single SMZ switch. The proposed switch could potentially be adopted for high-speed signal processing and packet routing in all-optical networks.
![Page 15: PGNET 20071 M. F. Chiang M. F. Chiang, Z. Ghassemlooy, Wai Pang Ng, and H. Le Minh Optical Communication Research Group Northumbria University, United](https://reader038.vdocuments.mx/reader038/viewer/2022103015/551b35a05503465c7e8b4bc0/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
15M. F. Chiang PGNET 2007
Special ThanksSpecial Thanks for
Prof. Fary Ghassemlooy
Dr. Wai Pang Ng
Mr. Hoa Le Minh
All colleagues in NCRL
&
Your Attention
![Page 16: PGNET 20071 M. F. Chiang M. F. Chiang, Z. Ghassemlooy, Wai Pang Ng, and H. Le Minh Optical Communication Research Group Northumbria University, United](https://reader038.vdocuments.mx/reader038/viewer/2022103015/551b35a05503465c7e8b4bc0/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
16M. F. Chiang PGNET 2007
Thank You !
Question, please ?