Periodic Table of ElementsPeriodic Table of ElementsChapter 11Chapter 11

Bell Work 11/3/14Bell Work 11/3/14

Write the question, answer, and justify!

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Word Wall Words Set #4Word Wall Words Set #4Quiz Friday!Quiz Friday!

16.16. Colloid-Colloid- a mixture in which the particles are a mixture in which the particles are dispersed throughout but are not heavy enough to dispersed throughout but are not heavy enough to settle out. settle out.

17. 17. Atomic number-Atomic number- the number of protons in the the number of protons in the nucleus of an atomnucleus of an atom

18. 18. Isotopes-Isotopes- an atom that has the same number of an atom that has the same number of protons as other atoms of the same element do but protons as other atoms of the same element do but that has a different number of neutrons that has a different number of neutrons

19. 19. Periodic-Periodic- happening at regular intervals happening at regular intervals 20. 20. Group-Group- a vertical column of elements in the a vertical column of elements in the

periodic table; elements in the same group share periodic table; elements in the same group share chemical propertieschemical properties

Student Learning Student Learning ObjectivesObjectives

SPI 9.1 Recognize that all matter SPI 9.1 Recognize that all matter consists of atomsconsists of atoms

SPI 0807.9.9 Use the periodic table to SPI 0807.9.9 Use the periodic table to determine the properties of an element. determine the properties of an element.

TOC:TOC:

# 53. Periodic Table Notes# 53. Periodic Table Notes

# 54. Placing Elements# 54. Placing Elements

Periodic Table of ElementsPeriodic Table of Elements

Brain Pop

I am Dmitri Mendeleev!I am Dmitri Mendeleev!

I made the PERIODIC TABLE !

What is the PERIODIC What is the PERIODIC TABLE?TABLE?

oThe periodic table shows all known elements in the universe.

oIt organizes the elements by chemical properties.

Compare and Contrast: Compare and Contrast: Elements Elements

The elements alone or in combinations, make up our bodies, our world, our sun, and in fact the entire universe!

ELBOW PARTNERS Discussion

What are some different elements

that make up humans and other organisms.

Periodic Table and Periodic Table and Classes of ElementsClasses of Elements

Elements on the periodic table Elements on the periodic table can be grouped into can be grouped into familiesfamilies based on their based on their chemicalchemical properties.properties.

Each Each familyfamily has a specific has a specific name to differentiae it from name to differentiae it from the other families in the the other families in the periodic table. periodic table.

Elements are classified as Elements are classified as metalsmetals, , nonmetalsnonmetals, and , and metalloidsmetalloids, by their properties., by their properties.

Metals are found to the left of Metals are found to the left of the zigzag line. Atoms of most the zigzag line. Atoms of most metals have few metals have few electronselectrons in in their outer energy shell.their outer energy shell.

Periodic Table and Periodic Table and Classes of ElementsClasses of Elements

Nonmetals are found to the Nonmetals are found to the rightright of the zigzag line. Atoms of the zigzag line. Atoms of most nonmetals have an of most nonmetals have an almost complete set of almost complete set of electrons in their electrons in their outerouter energyenergy shellshell. .

MetalloidsMetalloids are the elements are the elements that border the zigzag line. that border the zigzag line. Atoms of metalloids have Atoms of metalloids have about half of a complete set of about half of a complete set of electrons in their outer energy electrons in their outer energy shell. These are also called shell. These are also called semiconductors.semiconductors.

Periods in the Periodic TablePeriods in the Periodic TableThe Periodic table is organized into

rows called PERIODS.

Groups in the Periodic TableGroups in the Periodic TableIt also organized into columns called

GROUPS.

How do you read the How do you read the PERIODIC TABLE?PERIODIC TABLE?

What is the ATOMIC NUMBER?What is the ATOMIC NUMBER?

oThe number of protons found in the nucleus of an atom

OroThe number of electrons surrounding the nucleus of an atom.o Atomic numbers are

arranged in numerical order.

What is the SYMBOL?What is the SYMBOL?

oThe symbol is an abbreviation of the element name.

What is the ATOMIC MASS?What is the ATOMIC MASS?

oThe number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom.

How do I find the number of protons, How do I find the number of protons, electrons, and neutrons in an element electrons, and neutrons in an element using the periodic table? using the periodic table? Mnemonic!Mnemonic!

A.= Atomic #A.= Atomic # is the same asis the same as

P.= #ProtonsP.= #Protons is the same asis the same as

E.= #ElectronsE.= #Electrons

M.= Mass #M.= Mass # - minus- minus

A.= Atomic #A.= Atomic # = equals= equals

N.= N.= #Neutrons#Neutrons

Periodic Table of Elements Periodic Table of Elements SONG!SONG!

HydrogenHydrogenThe properties of hydrogen do not match the properties of any single group, so hydrogen is set apart.1 electron in the outer levelReactive

Group 1: Alkali MetalsGroup 1: Alkali Metals

Very reactive metals because they easily give away an electron, esp. with water1 electron in the outer shellHydrogen is not a member, it is a non-metalConduct electricity

Sodium metal

Group 2: Alkaline-Earth Group 2: Alkaline-Earth MetalsMetals

Very reactive, but are less reactive than the alkali metals. 2 electrons in the outer shellThey are never found uncombined in nature.Conduct electricityWhite and malleable

Group 3-12: Transition Group 3-12: Transition MetalsMetals

Do not give away electrons as easily as Groups 1 and 2Good conductors of heat and electricitySome are used for jewelryThe transition metals are able to hold up to 32 electrons in their second to last shell.Can bond with many elements in a variety of shapes.

Group 13: Boron GroupGroup 13: Boron GroupThe most common element from this group is aluminum. In fact, aluminum is the most abundant metal in Earth's crust.3 electrons in the outer levelSolids at room temperatureMost are metals

Group 14: Carbon GroupGroup 14: Carbon GroupCarbons form proteins, fats, and carbohydrates, which are necessary for living things.4 electrons in outer levelSolids at room temperaturesContains metals, metalloids, and a non-metal Carbon

Silicon

Group 15: Nitrogen Group 15: Nitrogen GroupGroup

Nitrogen makes up about 80% of the air you breathe!5 electrons in the outer levelCan share electrons to form compoundsContains metals, metalloids, and non-metals

Group 16: Oxygen GroupGroup 16: Oxygen Group

Oxygen makes up about 20% of air. It is necessary for substances to burn.6 electrons in the outer level.Contains metals, metalloids, and non-metalsReactive

Group 17: Halogens Group 17: Halogens GroupGroup

Very reactive nonmetals because their atoms need to gain only 1 electron to have a complete outer level.7 electrons in the outer levelAll are non-metalsOften bonds with elements from Group 1

Chlorine, Bromine, & Iodine

Group 18: Noble GasesGroup 18: Noble GasesExist as gasesNon-metals Not reactive. VERY STABLE! They have a full set of electrons in their outer level.8 electrons in the outer shell =FULLAll are found in small amounts in earth’s atmosphere.

Lanthanides and Lanthanides and ActinidesActinides

Some are Radioactive

The rare earths are silver, silvery-white, or gray metals.

Conduct electricity

Science News Alert: Science News Alert: Element 117Element 117

This is a view down the 120-meter (394-foot) long linear accelerator at the GSI Helmholtz Center for Heavy Ion Research in Germany. It created the calcium-ions used in new tests that produced element 117. For now, number 117 is the most massive element confirmed to exist!

Activity: Placing Activity: Placing ElementsElements

Use pages 286 & 292-298 to color the periodic table correctly. Use pages 286 & 292-298 to color the periodic table correctly. Color Color the square for hydrogen yellow. the square for hydrogen yellow. LabelLabel it “H” it “H” ColorColor the groups red that are very reactive metals. the groups red that are very reactive metals. ColorColor the noble gases group orange. the noble gases group orange. LabelLabel it “ it “Noble GasesNoble Gases”.”. ColorColor the transition metals green. the transition metals green. LabelLabel it “ it “Transition Metals”Transition Metals”.. Using black, mark the zigzag line that shows the position of the Using black, mark the zigzag line that shows the position of the

metalloids.metalloids. ColorColor the metalloids purple. the metalloids purple. Use blue to color all of the nonmetals that are not part of the noble gases Use blue to color all of the nonmetals that are not part of the noble gases

group.group. Color the metals in Groups 13–16 brown.Color the metals in Groups 13–16 brown. CircleCircle the “ the “actinidesactinides” in yellow and label it.” in yellow and label it. CircleCircle the “ the “lanthanides”lanthanides” in red and label it. in red and label it. CircleCircle the “ the “alkali metalsalkali metals” in blue and label it.” in blue and label it. CircleCircle the “ the “alkaline-earth metalsalkaline-earth metals” in purple and label it.” in purple and label it. CircleCircle the “ the “halogenshalogens” in green and label it. ” in green and label it.

Exit TicketExit Ticket

1. How are the elements on the Periodic Table organized?

2. Pick one group of elements on the Periodic Table and describe two of its properties.