Santa Clara, California | April 23th – 25th, 2018

MIchael Coburn, Product Manager

Monitoring MySQL Performance with Percona

Monitoring and Management

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Your Presenter

• Product Manager for PMM (also Percona Toolkit and Percona XtraBackup)

• With Percona for 6 years through 6 different roles• Consultant, Managing Consultant, Principal Architect, Technical Account

Manager, Principal Support Engineer

• http://bit.ly/JoinPerconaLiveSlack #monitoring-mysql-perf

Percona Live App

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Agenda

• Introductions - 1:30pm• Part 1 - Installation and Configuration - 1:45pm• Break ~3:00pm• Part 2 - Query Analytics - 3:15pm• Part 3 - Metrics Monitor - 3:45pm• Questions - 4:15pm

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Goals of Today's Tutorial

1. Understand the components of PMM○ pmm-client - Client tools & agents you install on each server○ PMM Serveri. Prometheus, Grafana, Consul, QAN

2. Able to install PMM Server at your site○ OVF - Open Virtualization Format (VMware, Microsoft Systems Center, Virtualbox)○ docker○ AWS Marketplace

3. Review MySQL queries using Query Analytics4. Analyze MySQL performance using Metrics Monitor

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What is PMM

● Free, Open Source database troubleshooting and performance optimization platform for MySQL and MongoDB○ We also support:

■ ProxySQL■ Amazon RDS MySQL■ Amazon Aurora MySQL

● Runs in your secure environment (this is not a SaaS product!), on your equipment

● Secured with SSL between client and server

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PMM Distribution Methods

● docker○ docker pull percona/pmm-server:latest

● Virtual Appliance○ Supports VMware, RedHat Virtualization, Microsoft Systems Center○ … and VirtualBox!

● AWS Marketplace○ Production-ready AMI running in EC2○ Available since November 2017

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AWS Marketplace

● Deploy directly to EC2● Running CentOS 7

Search for "pmm" or "Percona Monitoring and Management"

https://aws.amazon.com/marketplace/pp/B077J7FYGX

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PMM Architecture

● pmm-client○ mysqld_exporter○ node_exporter○ qan-agent

● PMM Server○ Query Analytics

■ QAN API■ QAN App

○ Metrics Monitor■ Prometheus■ Grafana■ Consul

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PMM Server Components

● Metrics Monitor○ Prometheus

■ Timeseries database■ Powerful PromQL query language

○ Grafana■ Visualization platform

○ Consul■ Tracks which services are available to be scraped by Prometheus

● Query Analytics○ View query performance in real-time○ Aggregated for queries consuming most amount of time in MySQL○ Query drill-down for individual query performance

■ Rows read, Rows scanned, Query time, Query count■ InnoDB statistics (Percona Server for MySQL only

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pmm-client Components

● pmm-admin○ Command-line tool for client management

● node_exporter○ Agent that exports Linux metrics

● mysqld_exporter○ Agent that exports MySQL server metrics

● qan-agent○ Agent that collects query metrics from MySQL Slow Log or

PERFORMANCE_SCHEMA

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Prometheus Data Collection

● Prometheus server asks Consul for which services & instances to query○ by IP address and port○ Example: curl https://192.168.56.3:42000/metrics

● Prometheus exporter performs data collection upon curl request● Exporter generates text exposed via web server at :42002/metrics[root@ps57r ~]# curl -s -k https://10.91.136.33:42002/metrics-hr |grep mysql | head -8# HELP mysql_exporter_collector_duration_seconds Collector time duration.# TYPE mysql_exporter_collector_duration_seconds gaugemysql_exporter_collector_duration_seconds{collector="collect.global_status"} 0.019977679mysql_exporter_collector_duration_seconds{collector="collect.info_schema.innodb_metrics"} 0.006224816mysql_exporter_collector_duration_seconds{collector="connection"} 2.1584e-05# HELP mysql_exporter_hr_last_scrape_error Whether the last scrape of metrics from MySQL resulted in an error (1 for error, 0 for success).# TYPE mysql_exporter_hr_last_scrape_error gaugemysql_exporter_hr_last_scrape_error 0

Part 1Installation and configuration

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Environment Notes

● Authentication:○ percona / percona

● client 192.168.56.3○ ssh percona@192.168.56.3

● server 192.168.56.2○ ssh admin@192.168.56.2

~/.ssh/config

Host client

User percona

HostName 192.168.56.3

IdentityFile ~/.ssh/pmm

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PMM Installation Steps

● High level steps:○ Import Appliance into VirtualBox○ Configure VirtualBox Host-Only Networking○ Validate client and server can communicate○ Start up sysbench test (optional)○ Configure pmm-admin to start:

■ linux:metrics■ mysql:metrics■ mysql:queries

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Configuring VirtualBox

● Import Appliance○ File > Import Appliance…

● Configure Network○ VirtualBox > Preferences > Network

> Host-only Networks■ Create new host-only network via

button on right○ Adapter

■ Configure IPv4 Address: 192.168.56.1

● DHCP Server○ Enable Server

■ Configure Server Address: 192.168.56.1

■ Configure Lower Address Bound: 192.168.56.2

■ Configure Upper Address Bound: 192.168.56.10

● Consider setting Execution Cap at 50%, 2 cores○ Per instance

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VirtualBox Host Only Network < v5 - OSX

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VirtualBox > v5 - Windows

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VirtualBox Network Interfaces - OSX

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VirtualBox Network Interfaces - Windows

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VirtualBox Network Interfaces - Windows

● Start the two instances via VirtualBox console

● Connect using ssh○ Optional:

■ ssh-agent bash■ ssh-add ~/.ssh/pmm

○ ssh -l percona 192.168.56.3○ [client $] ssh admin@192.168.56.2

● Ensure the nodes can see each other○ [percona@client ~]$ ping pmm-server○ [admin@pmm-server ~]$ ping client

● Configure pmm-server for correct time○ [pmm-server $] date --set='TimeFromClient'

~/.ssh/config

Host client

User percona

HostName 192.168.56.3

IdentityFile ~/.ssh/pmm

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Starting Sysbench (optional)

● We use sysbench to generate load in MySQL● Start the script:

○ client$ ./sysbench.sh● Configuration is for 1 trx/sec of 20 events on a 10k row InnoDB table

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Configuring PMM

● FINALLY!● Connect client to pmm-server

○ sudo pmm-admin config --server 192.168.56.2 --server-user percona --server-password percona

● Start data collection○ sudo pmm-admin add mysql --create-user --socket

/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock --user percona --password percona○ Generates a MySQL user account with bare minimum privileges

● Creates three services○ pmm-linux-metrics○ pmm-mysql-metrics○ pmm-mysql-queries

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Confirming it all Works

● PMM Server: http://192.168.56.2/● Prometheus http://192.168.56.2/prometheus● Do they work? ● Great - take a break!● No? Let's Troubleshoot (next slide…)

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Troubleshooting PMM

● Check for any red fields:○ sudo pmm-admin list○ sudo pmm-admin check-network

■ Time drift ?● pmm-server$ sudo date --set='<TimeFromClient>'

● Restarting one or all components○ sudo pmm-admin restart linux:metrics pmm-client○ sudo pmm-admin restart --all

● Logs are in /var/log/pmm-*.log● Check targets status in Prometheus

○ http://192.168.56.2/prometheus/targets

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Confirming IP address of PMM Server

● Confirm the IP address the server obtained from DHCP

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If all else fails...

● I have a few PMM Server instances available in EC2:○ http://13.58.238.204○ http://52.14.41.0○ http://18.221.240.156○ http://18.221.171.225○ http://13.58.244.142

● To obtain a shell:○ ssh -i ~/.ssh/pmm ec2-user@<IP>

Break!We'll resume in 15 minutes

Using Query Analytics (QAN)Examining queries in depth

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Query Analytics Dashboard

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Query Analytics Overview

● Query Abstract○ Query pattern with placeholders

● ID○ Unique fingerprint, used for query group by

● Load○ Grand Total Time - percentage of time that MySQL server spent executing the

query● Count

○ QPS, total count during window, % of total● Latency

○ Min, Med, Avg, P95, Max

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PERFORMANCE_SCHEMA

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Slow Log - Percona Server Enhanced

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EXPLAIN - Table and JSON

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CREATE TABLE, TABLE STATUS, and INDEXES

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Server Summary Information

● Collects and displays per Server:○ pt-summary○ pt-mysql-summary

● _PMM System Summary● Summary can be downloaded from the UI

Part 3 - Using Metrics MonitorEye candy

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Grafana in a Nutshell

● Open Source data visualisation tool● Popular datasources

○ Prometheus○ CloudWatch○ Graphite○ Elasticsearch

● Templated Variables○ Define your graph metrics, and let the hosts get filled in automatically○ GREAT for large, dynamic environments where hosts are considered ephemeral

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Prometheus revisited

● Timeseries database - metric name + key/value pairs○ mysql_global_variables_innodb_buffer_pool_instances{instance=

"ps57",job="mysql"} = 8○ mysql_slave_status_slave_io_running{instance="ps57r",job="mys

ql",master_host="10.91.136.32",master_uuid="9809315d-4d97-11e6-b85e-0007cb03dc86"} = 1

● Flexible query language - PromQL● Collection of metrics based on HTTP pull● Targets identified via service discovery or static configuration files

○ We're using consul in PMM for service discovery

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How can I...

● Compare servers to each other○ Cross Server graphs

● Show behaviour now() compared to past period○ Trends Overview dashboard

● At a glance MySQL + indepth○ MySQL Overview, InnoDB, InnoDB Advanced

● Table statistics*○ Largest tables by rows and size, total DB size, tables by rows read and changed,

auto_increment usage (about to hit the limit?)● User statistics*

○ Top users by connection count, network usage, rows read/changed

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Annotations

● Visualize Application Events in PMM○ pmm-admin annotate "Application deployment v1.3"

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Alerting

● Alerting○ Cannot use Templated Variables○ Instead, replace with string constants for instance name

Almost the end

Parting thoughts

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Advice

● PMM Metrics retention is 30 days○ We are looking at options to present a longer history

● mysql:metrics are polled at 1s, 5s, and 60s resolutions, and linux:metrics is every 1s○ On high-latency links you might need to tune scrape_interval up

● Don't skimp on resources○ Prometheus in particular needs a lot of CPU cores and fast disks, in order to

sequence scrape data before writing chunks to disk● Consider disabling some mysqld_exporter features to minimise

performance impact○ --disable-tablestats, --disable-processlist

● Keep queries in the database (security)○ --disable-queryexamples

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PMM Roadmap

● Prometheus 2.x - faster, more instances per PMM Server● PostgreSQL Support● MySQL -> ClickHouse for QAN datastore

○ faster, aggregation across all servers, new filtering and sorting options● Long term metrics storage (past 30 days)● One-click ticket submission*● Standardised data collection for tickets*● Any feedback of what you'd like to see in PMM?

* for Percona Subscribers (Customers) only

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Thank You Sponsors!!

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Questions?

● Michael Coburn michael.coburn@percona.com

● Percona is looking for MongoDB and MySQL rockstars! Be sure to stop by Percona’s booth.

● Do you have any areas or benchmarks you want Percona to talk about in blogs together? Any features or tools you think we should focus on to meet the community's needs?

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