peer institutional board meeting – oct. 9, 2007

PEER Research:Accomplishments & Impact

Greg Deierlein, Stanford Universityand the PEER Research Committee

PEER Institutional Board Meeting – Oct. 9, 2007

NSF-PEER Summative Meeting

Base Shear

Deformation

Damage Threshold

CollapseOnset

OPEN

OPEN

OPEN

FEMA 356 Performance LevelsIO LS CPPBEE yesterday

$, % replacement0 25% 50% 100%

Downtime, days0

1 7 30 180

Casualty risk0.00.0001 0.001 0.01 0.25

PBEE today

Evolution of PBEE


REF: Yang, Conte, Elgamal (UCSD)

Comprehensive System Simulation

S chemat ic of the F inite E lement M odel

2 D , 4 D

N o n - l in e a r p -y e le m e n t

N o n - l in e a r

N o n - lin e a r p -y e le m e n t

N o n - l in e a r F ib e r B e a m E le m e n t

D ra g

C lo s u re

P la s t ic E la s t ic

G a p

P ile N o d e

N e a r f ie ldP la s t ic R e s p o n s e

F a r - f ie ldE la s t ic

S te e l F ib e rs

U n c o n fin e d

C o n c re te F ib e rs

R e s p o n s e

C o n c re te F ib e rs

C o n fin e d C o re

F ib e r B e a m E le m e n t

= 1 4 D

1 4 E le m e n tsa t 1 .0 D o .c .

C o m p re s s io nA x ia l

E x te n d e d

G ro u n d L e v e l

PV

P ile S h a fto r 6 D

D is p la c e m e n t T im e h is to ry in p u tsfro m 1 -D n o n l in e a r s ite re s p o n s e

A

REF: Boulanger (UCDavis)


PEER’s Research Projects & Products

PBEE Methodology Technologies & Data Illustrative Examples Guidelines

SimulationSimulation

HazardHazard

MethodologyMethodologyModelsModels

ImpactImpact

t r a n s i t i o n s

Year 1 Year 5 Year 10

Methodology: Development ---- Application/Packaging

Data/Model: Creation ---- Implementation/Validation

Demonstrations: Evaluate/Synthesize ---- Impact of PBEE


Performance Assessment Components

Decision Variable

Decision Variable

Intensity Measure

Intensity Measure

Damage Measure

Damage Measure

Engineering Demand

Parameter

Engineering Demand

Parameter

Relating Performance to Risk Decision Making

Quantifying Damage Measures

Simulation of System Response

Earthquake Hazard Characterization


Engineering Demand Parameter

Engineering Demand Parameter

Intensity Measure Intensity Measure

Damage MeasureDamage Measure

Performance-Based Framework: Buildings

Decision VariableDecision Variable• Collapse & Casualties

• Direct Financial Loss

• Downtime

drift as an EDP


Bridge and Transportation Systems

Damage Measure (DM)Damage Measure (DM)

Decision Variable (DV)Decision Variable (DV)

Engineering Demand Parameter (EDP)



Quality of Network Service

Restoration ($ and Time)


Electric Utility Lifeline Systems

Damage Measure (DM)Damage Measure (DM)

Decision Variable (DV)Decision Variable (DV)Power

Transmission Lines




Quality of ServiceRestoration ($ and Time)


Hazard Characterization

PEER Ground Motion Database

Next Generation Attenuation Functions Hazard Mapping

Geotechnical Data Center

Selection & Scaling of Ground Motions

Spatial Hazard & Correlations (scenario)

Site Response and Effects

Utilization of GM Shaking Data

Decision Variable

Decision Variable

Intensity Measure

Intensity Measure

Damage Measure

Damage Measure

Engineering Demand

Parameter

Engineering Demand

Parameter

Decision Variable

Decision Variable

Intensity Measure

Intensity Measure

Damage Measure

Damage Measure

Engineering Demand

Parameter

Engineering Demand

Parameter


Structural & Geotechnical Simulation

Reinforced Concrete Structural Modeling Cyclic degradation and shear needed for

assessing damage and collapse potential

Continuum Soil Models Large ground deformations & Liquefaction

Soil-Foundation-Structure Interaction Site response, foundation interaction necessary

for system performance

Computational Reliability Consistent tracking of uncertainty from hazard

to model uncertainty

Advanced Computing and Simulation Integrating with NEESit and cyberinfrastructure

Decision Variable

Decision Variable

Intensity Measure

Intensity Measure

Damage Measure

Damage Measure

Engineering Demand

Parameter

Engineering Demand

Parameter

Decision Variable

Decision Variable

Intensity Measure

Intensity Measure

Damage Measure

Damage Measure

Engineering Demand

Parameter

Engineering Demand

Parameter


Integrated Simulation/Assessment Platform

Algorithms,Solvers,Parallel/distributedcomputing

Simulation & Reliability Models for Materials, Components, and Systems

http://opensees.berkeley.edu

Computation InformationTechnology

Software framework,Databases, Visualization,Internet/grid computation

Models

Decision Variable

Decision Variable

Intensity Measure

Intensity Measure

Damage Measure

Damage Measure

Engineering Demand

Parameter

Engineering Demand

Parameter

Decision Variable

Decision Variable

Intensity Measure

Intensity Measure

Damage Measure

Damage Measure

Engineering Demand

Parameter

Engineering Demand

Parameter


Simulating Collapse of RC Buildings

Building Frame Definitions

-100 -50 0 50 100 150-200

-150

-100

-50

0

50

100

150

200

Sh

ea

r F

orc

e (

kN)

Column Top Horizontal Deflection (mm)

Test 19 (kN, mm, rad): K

e = 3.1779e+007

Kinit

= 7.4024e+007

s = 0.02

c = -0.04 (ND = 1)

y = 0.0091

cap,pl

= 0.069 (LB = 1)

u,mono,pl = 0.116 (LB = 1)

= 85, c = 1.20 isPDeltaRemoved = 1

Experimental ResultsModel Prediction

Component Tests & Models

EQ: 11011, Sa: 4.39g EQ: 11012, Sa: 2.66g

EQ: 11021, Sa: 2.52g EQ: 11022, Sa: 2.12g

Collapse Mechanisms

0 1 2 3 4 50

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

[Sacomp

(T=1.0s)] / [MCE of 0.9g]

P[c

olla

ps

e]

Empirical CDFLognormal CDF (RTR Var.)Lognormal CDF (RTR + Modeling Var.)

P[Collapse/MCE] = 16 %

Collapse Fragility Curves

beam-column joint

column

beam

foundation

MWtrib

Wlean

bay size

H1

st-s

tory

n-s

torie

s a

t H

leaning (P-D)

column

Building System Simulation


Damage Measures & Fragility Functions

Reinforced Concrete Components columns & beam-column joints

Nonstructural Components & Contents interior partitions laboratory equipment HVAC facilities

Electric Utility Equipment

Decision Variable

Decision Variable

Intensity Measure

Intensity Measure

Damage Measure

Damage Measure

Engineering Demand

Parameter

Engineering Demand

Parameter

Decision Variable

Decision Variable

Intensity Measure

Intensity Measure

Damage Measure

Damage Measure

Engineering Demand

Parameter

Engineering Demand

ParameterDevelopment of concepts, techniques and data applied to:


Decision Making and PBEE Applications

Tradeoffs in Decision Making quantifying benefits and costs

Influencing practice “early adopters” codes and standards implementing new technologies

Influencing policy benchmarking standards and practice collaborating with stakeholders regulatory models

Decision Variable

Decision Variable

Intensity Measure

Intensity Measure

Damage Measure

Damage Measure

Engineering Demand

Parameter

Engineering Demand

Parameter

Decision Variable

Decision Variable

Intensity Measure

Intensity Measure

Damage Measure

Damage Measure

Engineering Demand

Parameter

Engineering Demand

Parameter


Integrative Testbeds

Buildings - Van Nuys - UC Sciences

UCB Campus

Bridges - Humboldt Bay - I-880 Viaduct

Bay Area Highway Network

0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 Miles

Map 8.2Building Downtime in Months from a Rare Earthquake

StreetsHayward FaultTopo LinesNon-core Buildings

Downtime for Building in Months0 - 12 - 45 - 1213 - 2425 - 40

N

EW

S

#

OXFORD

#

HEARSTBarker Hall Tolman Hall

Giannini Hall

Hesse Hall

Warren Hall

Mulford Hall

Campbell Hall

McLaughlin Hall

Latimer Hall

Lewis Hall

Hildebrand Hall

Wurster Hall

2251 COLLEGE AVE

Berkeley Art Musuem

Art Gallery

Barrows Hall

2223 Fulton

2111 BANCROFT WAY

Doe Annex

0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 Miles

Map 8.2Building Downtime in Months from a Rare Earthquake

StreetsHayward FaultTopo LinesNon-core Buildings

Downtime for Building in Months0 - 12 - 45 - 1213 - 2425 - 40

N

EW

S

#

OXFORD

#

HEARSTBarker Hall Tolman Hall

Giannini Hall

Hesse Hall

Warren Hall

Mulford Hall

Campbell Hall

McLaughlin Hall

Latimer Hall

Lewis Hall

Hildebrand Hall

Wurster Hall

2251 COLLEGE AVE

Berkeley Art Musuem

Art Gallery

Barrows Hall

2223 Fulton

2111 BANCROFT WAY

Doe Annex


High-priority Issues for Bridges

Post-earthquake residual displacements are a primary contributor to bridge closure.

Liquefaction hazards continue to cause widespread damage or drive huge foundation costs.

After sixth repetition of Maximum Run - Olive View

About 100 columns with more than

1.75% drift were demolished after

1995 Kobe Earthquake although

they did not collapse.


Building code, regulation and policy issues

Benchmarking building codes Absolute safety and performance Relative safety and performance across:

systems/materials building heights/configurations, seismic hazard categories use/occupancy

Non-ductile RC Building Risks how bad is the problem? technologies to address it cost-effectively policy, incentives and regulation

Residential High Rise structural systems not envisioned by

code tenant & societal performance

expectations

New Innovative structural systems


PEER --- Making an IMPACT Tools for decision makers

Cost-benefit, financial models Regulatory & implementation issues (IRCC)

Packaging of PBEE Methodology Specificity & Simplification !

Demonstrate value/benefits of PBEE Building benchmarking Bridge systems (liquefiable soil, self-centering)

Dissemination & Outreach Initiatives Research community (NEES researchers) Professional engineers Other design professionals & decision makers

Implementation Initiatives Buildings - ATC 58, 63, NEHRP, Insurance, … Bridges – Caltrans, FHWA, …

peer institutional board meeting – oct. 9, 2007

Documents

peer summative meetingref

huge foundation costs

widespread damage

systemssoftware framework

kobe earthquake

stanford universityand

practiceearly adopterscodes

policybenchmarking standards