peak car: implications for policy david metz centre for transport studies university college london
TRANSCRIPT
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Peak Car: implications for policy
David Metz
Centre for Transport Studies
University College London
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Policy context of Smarter Travel
• Promote economic growth• Accommodate population growth• Enhance sustainability• Foster wellbeing • What kind of a place do we want to be?• What options do we have?
– ‘Big City’– ‘Smaller City’– Others
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London population growth
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Car traffic and use in London
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Peak Car in the City
• Key policies– No additional road capacity; control parking– Invest in rail, attractive for travel to work
• London thrives while car use declines• Peak Car marks transition from travel demand
driven by income to dominance of demography• Not just London – Manchester, Birmingham
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Birminghaminbound trips per day to city centre 0730-0930
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Manchesterinbound trips per day to city centre 0730-0930
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Higher urban population densities
• Agglomeration economics– increased productivity through larger pool of skills – access to specialised goods, services, infrastructure– exchange and diffusion of knowledge, ideas [role of
universities]
• Cultural agglomeration• More social interaction• More sustainable
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The problem of the smaller city
• Public transport limited, rail expensive• Competing with nearby cities for car-based retail
customers• High level of car dependence, detrimental to
sense of place• Better accommodate cars?• Discourage cars to promote agglomeration?• What alternatives to the car for work journeys?
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Options for smaller cities
• BRT – Latin America• Cycling – Netherlands, Denmark• Trams – France• Buses - Brighton
• Age-friendly Cities • Inclusive Design• People-friendly cities: people management, not
traffic management
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Conclusions
• Successful Big Cities have growing populations and declining car use
• Rail and BRT are attractive alternatives to car on congested roads for work journeys
• Demographic factors of increasing importance: population growth, increasing longevity
• Need better understanding of possible solutions for smaller cities
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