canada overview microgrid research and...
TRANSCRIPT
Canada Overview Microgrid Research and
Applications
Contributors:L. Dignard-Bailey (NRCan), T. El-Fouly (NRCan)
B. Cullen and M. Wrinch (Pulse Energy),
H. Farhangi (BCIT),
J. Peralta (BC Hydro)
September 17-18th , 2009
San Diego 2009 Symposium on Microgrids
2
Presentation Plan
Introduction
Guideline for planned islanding
Draft Guideline Standard 1547.4
BC Hydro Guideline June 2006 and project experience
Development of Simulation Tools and case studies
Remote Community Application Project
Campus Microgrid Research Project
Conclusion
3
SYMPOSIUM ON MICROGRIDSJUNE 23, 2006, MONT-TREMBLANT, QUÉBEC, Canada
2006 Participantion:
Canada (10), Japan (12),
USA (15), and EU (11)
Invitation to host Symposium in June
2010 in Vancouver, Canada
4
Survey Questionaire
Based on USDOE-CEC microgrid roadmap;
Developed in 2006 to solicit comments from Symposium
participants on their research in Microgrids and their
observations regarding the “gaps” in research, and barriers
in the implementation of this concept;
Part 1 identifies current R&D activities and future priority
areas of the members; Part 2 questions on the difficulties
associated with distribution system planning and
implementation.
5
Approach to Close the Gap - Five Main Areas and 13 Study Topics (June 2006)Current Effort
0.0%
10.0%
20.0%
30.0%
40.0%
50.0%
60.0%
70.0%
Power
qual
ity
Stead
y st
ate
model
Dyn
amic
model
Des
ign m
ethodolo
gy
Freq. a
nd Volt.
Contr
ol
Gen
erat
ion te
ch.
Com
munic
atio
n infra.
Effec
t of G
en/L
oad
Effec
t of G
en. T
ech.
Effec
t of G
rid c
onfi.
Isola
ting fa
ult
Res
ynch
./bla
ck s
tart
Oper
atio
n
Approach to close gaps
Dis
trib
uti
on
of
eff
ort
(%
)
EU
US
Japan
Canada
PerformanceMonitoring,
Communication,
Control
Protection and Restoration
Design Op
era
tion
6
Design Process
DR Island Functionality Parallel operation
Transition
Island mode - type, strategy
Reconnection mode
Design and Integration Type(s) of island(s)
Engineering considerations
EPS Planning Load flows
Protection planning
Define operating practices
DR settings
Operational and Management Power dispatch
Communication and data
exchange
Real-time operation
Duration of island
Engineering
& PlanningAsset
Management
Planning Operations
Distribution Utilities
Planned Islanding
System
Operations
Construction
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IEEE P1547.4 - Draft Guideline on Island Systems
L
L L
L
Step-
down tx
Substation
feeds
open for
substation
island
Bus
Circuits
open for
substation
bus island
open for
circuit island
open for
lateral island
open for
facility island
N.O.
(closed for
adjacent feeder
island)
Adjacent
circuit
N.C.
N.C.
N.C.
L Load
Distributed
Generator
Recloser
Breaker
Single facility:Small residential/commercial Customers
Multi facilityIndustrial Park/Commercial complex
Utility MicrogridSubstation/feeders
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Case Study Scenarios IEEE 1547.4/Draft
Central dispatch control case studies
• Case Study 1: Emergency backup scenario
• Case Study 2: Load-relief scenario
• Case Study 3: Power-quality scenario
• Case Study 4: Multiple DR units on island and need distributed
control among them
Distributed dispatch case studies
9
Encourage Discussion from Project Leaders on Case
Studies and Microgrid Communication “Use Cases”
10
BC Hydro - Distribution Power Generator Islanding Guidelines
Published in June 2006
PGs capable of following the load on tripping of the substation feeder CB (ride-through)
Generators with broader VAR control (power factor ±0.8)
Fast acting prime mover speed governor and exciters
Inertia and controls to pick up dead-feeder load
Black-start capability (scheduled islanding)
Source: Jaime Peralta, Distribution Planning, BC Hydro, IEEE-PES, Calgary, Canada, July, 2009
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PG with sufficient excitation current to allow fault detection and protection coordination
Dual overcurrent protection settings (for parallel and islanded operation)
Capability to maintain power quality (Machines with large inrush current or cyclic loads)
Operating data/status telemetry
• Real-time communication to the Control Centre
• Operating data: kV, MW, MVARs, etc.
• Generator and primary CB status
BC Hydro – Technical requirements for Islanding
Source: Jaime Peralta, Distribution Planning, BC Hydro, IEEE-PES, Calgary, Canada, July, 2009
12
BC Hydro Network System
Required upgrades and considerations:
Feeder load > PG MVA rating/output Feeder sectionalization plan
Bi-directional line voltage regulators and fault detection elements (CB, reclosers)
Voltage supervision at feeder substation CB (out-of-step closing)
Feeder reclosers upgrade
• Disable/delay reclosing function
• Upgrade from 1Φ hydraulic to 3Φ electronic
Out-of-step relay and CB interrupting duty
• PG plant or BCH substation CB
Source: Jaime Peralta, Distribution Planning, BC Hydro, IEEE-PES, Calgary, Canada, July, 2009
13
BC Hydro Network System (Cont.)
Line fuses upgrade (replace/relocate/remove)
Synchronizing-check relay at substation feeder CB (Microgrids)
PG real-time operating data/status at Control Centre and inter-operator communications
Distribution Operating Order and PG commissioning tests for both grid-connected and islanded mode
System impact study for islanding operation
Source: Jaime Peralta, Distribution Planning, BC Hydro, IEEE-PES, Calgary, Canada, July, 2009
14
BC Hydro Islanding Project and reliability improvement
Monthly Back-up Capacity and Feeder Peak Demand
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
4,000
Ap
ril
Ma
y
Ju
ne
Ju
ly
Au
gu
st
Se
pte
mb
er
Octo
be
r
No
ve
mb
er
De
ce
mb
er
Ja
nu
ary
Fe
bru
ary
Ma
rch
[kW
]
PG Firm Capacity Peak Demand
S
G
S
GG
BC Hydro Feeder SAIDI SAIFI CAIDI
2008 3.77 5.05 0.75
2007 7.20 6.65 1.08
2006 34.16 8.87 3.85
2005 4.30 4.06 1.06
Source: Jaime Peralta, Distribution Planning, BC Hydro, IEEE-PES, Calgary, Canada, July, 2009
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Smart Energy Management
Real time
Energy
Management
Customer
Load
Variable
Sources
Current value
ForecastkW Electricity
kW Heat+
Current value
Forecast
Dispatchable
Sources
Fast acting
Controls
Optimal
operation
16
Energy Profile Manager New planning tools
• Metered load and generator profiles
• Meter demand and network demand profiles
17
“Smart” remote Microgrid application: Hartley Bay Project
Gitga'at First Nation
650 km NW of
Vancouver
180 Residents
$500,000 Annual Fuel
Bill
Focus on energy
conservation and
reduced diesel use
Source: M. Wrinch, B. Cullen, Pulse Energy, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
18
Hartley Bay – Smart Microgrid Metering Infrastructure
Band Office
Resident
Source: M. Wrinch, B. Cullen, Pulse Energy, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
DR Messaging,
Smart Metering
State Estimator
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Smart Meter – Hartley Bay Project
• World Class Meter (Elster and Landis & Gyr)
• Measurements: V, A, kW, kWh
• Wireless Mesh Network: EKA Systems
• 15 minute updates
• Community Wi-Fi Installed
EKA Gateway Receiver
Mesh Internet Pulse Servers / Software
Internet User
Meter
Source: M. Wrinch, B. Cullen, Pulse Energy, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
20
Intelligent Microgrid –
Canadian Microgrid Research Site
• Smart Grid Campus R&D Site Consortium application
Source: Hassan Farhangi, British Columbia Institute of Technology, Burnaby, BC, Canada
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HVAC
Lighting
DHW
Heating
Cell modem
SITE
INSTALLATION
Secure Internet
Connection
EnviroGrid Customer
Portal
EnviroGrid
Server Cloud
EnviroGrid
Web 2.0 APIs
Demand Response and Peak Load Management Application
22
Expanding Capacity with Advanced Meter Infrastructure (AMI)
(Source: Tantalus, British Columbia, Canada)
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Conclusion
Progress has been made on guidelines for planned islanding
Technical research gaps have been addressed through demonstration projects.
Need to encourage international collaboration on microgrid communication use cases
Invitation to host the 6th International Symposium, Vancouver, BC, Canada (June 2010)
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Natural Resources Canada,
1615 Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, Quebec
http://canmetenergy.nrcan.gc.ca/eng/renewables/integration_der.html
CanmetENERGY Research Centre in Varennes (Quebec)
Program objective: To support national S&T efforts that will contribute to
the modernization of the electricity grid network, enhance the benefits of
renewable and clean distributed energy resources, increase diversity and
reliability of supply, and facilitate recovery after disruptions.