specialty graphites for mechanical engineering

Broad Base. Best Solutions.

Specialty Graphites for MechanicalEngineering

GrAPhiTe mATeriALs AnD sysTems

2

Specialty Graphite and Process Solutions – made by SGL Group.

Advanced material, equipment, and process solutions

Engineered for customers from more than 35 industries

Tailor-made from the most comprehensive product portfolio

In-depth production and material knowledge

Consistent high quality, performance, and service

Attractive total cost of ownership

Broad Base. Best Solutions.

3BUsiness UniT GrAPhiTe mATeriALs AnD sysTems

b Machining the sealing ring height

Advanced solutions enable our customers to get ahead.SGL Group offers advanced solutions – even for challenging applications. We understand the specific requirements of our customers and combine in-depth production, material, and engineering knowledge with the most comprehensive specialty graphite portfolio. This makes us the partner of choice to leading companies in many different industries.

Exceptional resistance to heat and corrosion, high purity and mechanical strength are just a few of the outstanding properties which our materials offer. Specialty graphite products from SGL Group achieve optimal results where other materials fail. No matter what your specific requirements might be, we will identify the best solution from the most comprehensive range of specialty graphites.

Fine grain graphite: isostatic, vibration- molded, die-molded, extruded

Expanded natural graphite Carbon fiber-reinforced carbon (C/C) Soft and rigid graphite felts Silicon carbide-coated graphite materials

Additionally we use other materials like PTFE, silicon carbide, and specialty metals.

With our portfolio and technical know-how spanning more than 35 different industries, we engineer tailor-made solutions in close partnership with our customers.

SGL Group covers the entire value chain of specialty graphite production, including raw material processing, semi-finished product manufacture, precision machining, purification, and coating. When it comes to engineering of equipment and process solutions our service range makes the difference: We offer mechanical and process design, production, assembly, commis-sioning, and service – all from a one-stop shop.

This is how we control and ensure the consistent high quality, reliability, and performance of our products – and enable our customers to become more competitive. Challenge us. We are there for you worldwide.

Specialty graphite solutions for mechanical engineering

We help mechanical engineering companies all over the world stay competitive. Our innovative specialty graphite products and solutions make us a sought-after partner of leading companies, especially for small production runs and one-off custom products – and more.

4

Centrifugal pumps Rotary jointsCompressorsFurnace applications Process pumps

Typical applications Mechanical sealsCentrifugal pumpsRotary jointsCompressorsWater TurbinesVentilatorsPropeller shafts

SIGRAFINE® Die-molded, isostatic carbon and graphite

Materials made of carbon and graphite

SIGRAFINE® Die-molded carbon and graphite SIGRAFLEX® flexible graphite

Cylindrical bearingsFlanged bearingsAxial bearings

Products of the SGL Group

Seal ringsSegmented packingsLabyrinth seals Piston and guide ringsBall valve seals, metal sleeved ringsSteam jointsMotion control rings and segmentsReinforced graphite sheets and foil

Bearings Seal rings

Specialty graphites – made by SGL Group.Solutions for mechanical engineering.

�+�SIGRAFINE® is the new brand name for our fine -grain graphites, previously known under the names RINGSDORFF®, SIGRAFORM®, SIGRAMENT® and CRYSTA-SIL®.

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VanesRotorsEnd discsHousings

Semi-finished productsPowders

Process pumps Vacuum pumpsCompressorsRadial blowers

SIGRAFINE® Die-molded, isostatic carbon and graphiteSynthetic resin-bonded graphite

For all mechanical applications Filler for plastic compounds

SIGRAFINE®Die-molded, isostatic carbon and graphiteSynthetic resin-bonded graphite

Vanes and rotors Semi-finished products and powders

In mechanical engineering, virtually everything revolves around motion. This calls for extremely tough and resilient materials – especially when high temperatures or corrosive substances come into play. Tailor-made solutions which are ideally suited to a wide variety of different applications are needed in order to ensure that parts, components and assemblies function safely, reliably and efficiently.

SGL Group is proud to be a sought-after partner in one of the largest and most multifaceted industries in the world – and to offer the best solutions for the most challenging of applications.

Our products are highly resistant to heat and corrosion and help keep gases and liquids in motion, even under the toughest conditions. We also offer a wide-ranging portfolio of finished and semi-finished products for vacuum technology – for a wide variety of fields ranging from the food product industry and medical technology to pick-and-place applica-tions in general.

sPeciALTy GrAPhiTe sOLUTiOns FOr mechAnicAL enGineerinG

Fine-grain graphites for mechanical engineering

Best possible dry-running properties in tribological systems

High energy efficiency thanks to mini-mized friction

Resistant to oxidizing atmospheres up to 500 °C (932 °F) with oxidation inhibitors up to 600 °C (1112 °F)

High resistance to chemicals and corrosion

High mechanical strength

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7sPeciALTy GrAPhiTes FOr mechAnicAL enGineerinG

Specialty graphites for dry-running compressors and vacuum pumps based on the vane principle

b Components made of carbon and graphite for mechanical applications

Vacuum technology is used in manufacturing processes in many sectors of industry: chemicals and pharmaceuticals, the printing and paper industry, food packaging, coatings and pick-and-place applications, to name a few. Thanks to vacuum technology, environmentally harmful processes can often be replaced by environmentally friendly methods, such as the use of oil-free evacuation in sensitive environments.

Our materials contribute to greater energy efficiency of processes in many different situations. They are also distinguished by their high chemical resistance and long service life.

We make rotors and vanes from pitch and synthetic resin-bonded materials.

Application-specific products for dry-running compressors and vacuum pumps

ProductsSIGRAFINE

EK20 1) EK23 1) EK24 1) EK40 1) EK60 EK62 V1626End discs ○ ○ ○ ○Seal rings ○ ○ ○ ○Vanes ○ ○ ○ ○ ○Semi-finished products ○ ○ ○ ○ ○Rotors ○Housings ○

cf Rotor pressed using PTS technology

1) Information refers to the base material only. Different impregnations are available.

8

Material suitability for specific applications

Applications ProductsSIGRAFINE SIGRAFLEX

EK201) EK231) EK241) EK401) HOCHDRUCK ECONOMY

Process pumpsBearings ○ ○ ○ ○

Seal rings ○ ○ ○ ○Fuel pumps Vanes ○ ○

Circulating and circulation pumps

Bearings ○ ○ ○Seal rings ○ ○ ○

Submersible pumpsBearings ○ ○

Seal rings ○ ○Pumps and valves Gaskets ○ ○Mechanical seals Seal rings ○ ○ ○ ○Special seals Seal rings and packings ○ ○

Rotary jointsBearings ○ ○ ○

Seal rings ○ ○ ○ ○

Specialty graphites for pump applications and mechanical seals

Mechanical seals are the most widespread sealing system for shaft seals under great pressure. Their lower leakage, friction and wear set them apart from gland seal packages. This reduc-es maintenance work for the end customer. Mechanical seals are highly versatile and are used in applications ranging from pumps and centrifuges to agitators and mixers.

Our seal rings increase the process and product reliability of your applications. We will be glad to assist you in selecting suitable materials.

c Seal ring made of carbon graphite 2)

1) Information refers to the base material only. Different impregnations are available.2) Carbon graphite: a pitch-bonded, carbonized material with high graphite content

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Specialty graphites for other applications

Material suitability for specific applications

Applications ProductsSIGRAFINE

EK17 EK231) EK241) EK401) EK60 EK62 V1626

BlowersRotors ○Vanes ○ ○ ○

Belt chain conveyors Bearings ○ ○ ○Cooking ovens Bearings ○ ○Aquarium pumps Bearings ○Flow meters Bearings ○

Cigarette productionMotion control rings

and segments ○

Textile machines Sliding rails ○ ○

c Cup and ball bearings

c Steam joints

There are many more mechanical engineering applications which can benefit from carbon and graphite components, ranging from textile machines and cooking ovens to belt chain conveyors. We offer scores of products to aid our customers in their work, including sliding rails, motion control rings, bearings and semi-finished products.

1) Information refers to the base material only. Different impregnations are available.

sPeciALTy GrAPhiTes FOr mechAnicAL enGineerinG

Development partnership yields new materialOne of our customers’ requirements led to the development of a new, special synthetic resin-bonded graphite material. Our close cooperation gave rise to a material with significantly improved wear properties, and greater strengths during operation.

The new material significantly reduces the wear rates of vanes in dry running compressors and vacuum pumps and considerably extends lifetime.

This is just one example of an application- specific optimized solution from the SGL Group.

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Fine-GrAin GrAPhiTe

Enhancement with various impregnations

Metal, phosphate and synthetic resin impregnations improve physical properties and reduce wear. SGL Group offers a suitably large selection of impregnations:

Synthetic resins Salts and saline solution impregnations Metals and metal alloys such as antimony and bronze

Another option in our portfolio is the wide range of all-carbon varieties made of synthetic resin-impregnated, carbonized carbon which boast the following advantages:

Metal-free Enhanced chemical resistance Greater resistance to temperatures than materials impregnated with synthetic resins

Materials made of SIGRAFINE® fine-grain graphiteOutstanding mechanical, thermal and chemical properties make fine-grain graphite the first choice for many mechanical engineering applications.

Material data for our SIGRAFINE® fine-grain graphites

Typical properties UnitsSIGRAFINE

Die-molded carbon and graphite Isostatic graphiteEK20 EK23 EK24 EK40 EK60 V1626

Density g/cm³ 1.70 1.75 1.70 1.70 1.73 1.85Hardness Rockwell B 105 105 105 95 80 90Flexural strength MPa 55 40 60 35 80 58Compressive strength MPa 155 100 180 100 120 150Young’s modulus GPa 22 14 18 10 22 13

Thermal expansion (20 – 200 °C/68 – 392 °F)

10−6K−1 3.0 5 4.1 4.5 11.0 1) 4.0

Thermal conductivity Wm−1K−1 12 13 14 25 6 73Thermal resistance in ox. atm. °C (°F) 350 (662) 350 (662) 350 (662) 500 (932) 180 (356) 600 (1112)

b Vacuum pump

1) from 20 °C (68 °F) to 150 °C (302 °F)

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Characteristic properties

dh Wear behavior of machined plain bearings of various SIGRAFINE grades of carbon at a constant sliding speed of 1 m/s (3.3 ft/s) and with increasing specific load in wet and dry running.

c Friction and wear depend on the counterface materials, environmental influences and stress profile. In this case: Wear behavior of EK2200 and EK3205 for counterfaces made of materials, a constant sliding speed of 9 m/s (29.5 ft/s) and increasing stress. Medium: demineralized water.

Die-molded materials made of SIGRAFINE exhibit exceptional properties when it comes to service life.

There are many different factors which generally influence wear behavior, such as the following:

Combination of materials Sliding velocity Stress Surface finish of the contact surfaces Solid impurities in the medium to be sealed Operating conditions.

This means that we have to search the entire system in order to find the best material solution.

We provide professional, technical and individual advice based on long standing experience.

10

1

10

1

0 2 4 6 8 10 12

0 2 4 6 8 10 12

EK3205

EK3205EK2200

EK2200

Wear behavior depending on counterfaces

0.01

0.1

0.01

0.1

Wea

r [µm

/h]

Wea

r [µm

/h]

Specific load [N/mm2]

Silic

on c

arbi

deTu

ngst

en c

arbi

de

1

0 54321

EK24

EK2240

EK3245

EK2200EK3205

EK20

Wea

r [µm

/h]

Load [N/mm2], bearing ø 30/20 x 20 mm (ø 1.18/0.79 x 0.79 in)

Wear behavior: wet running

0.1

0.01

10

1

0 2 3

EK200

EK24EK305EK2240EK3245

Wea

r [µm

/h]

Load [N/mm2], bearing ø 30/20 x 20 mm (ø 1.18/0.79 x 0.79 in)2.5 3.51.51.00.5

Wear behavior: dry running

0.1

12

EK2240 = EK24 synthetic resin-impregnatedEK3245 = EK24 antimony-impregnatedEK2200 = EK20 synthetic resin-impregnatedEK3205 = EK20 antimony-impregnated

13Fine-GrAin GrAPhiTe

c Radial bearing produced in PTS technology

Materials made of SIGRAFINE also boast impressive thermal conductivity.

SIGRAFINE is many times more conductive than the surrounding components and prevents the system from overheating. This prevents excessive wear and prolongs the system’s lifetime.

dh The coefficients of friction were determined in a pin-on-disc test at 11 m/s (36.1 ft/s), a relative relative air humidity between 36 % and 43 % and a heated disc.

0

EK20

EK3205

EK24

EK3245

0 60 80 100 120

SiC discs (Ra ≈ 0.2)

0.6

0.8

0.7

0.9

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

Coe

ffici

ent o

f fric

tion

[µ]

Disc temperature [°C]

0

EK2200

EK3205

EK24EK2240

EK3245

EK20

0 60 80 100 120

Gray cast iron 20 (Ra ≈ 0.3)

0.6

0.8

0.7

0.9

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

Coe

ffici

ent o

f fric

tion

[µ]

Disc temperature [°C]

200

300

400

100

0

Thermal conductivity of various materials

Cop

per

Gra

phit

e

Silic

on c

arbi

de

Pla

tinu

m

Alu

min

um o

xide

Car

bon

grap

hite

Stai

nles

s st

eel

Ther

mop

last

Ther

m. c

ondu

ctiv

ity [W

m−1K

−1]

Materials made of SIGRAFINE make a major contribution to process reliability thanks to their great resistance to temperature and thermal shock.

What’s more, the coefficient of thermal expansion can be sys-tematically controlled during material production in order to optimally match SIGRAFINE components to the counterface material. We help our customers accomplish this with our well-founded material know-how and extensive advice.

Graphite features the highest thermal shock resistance of all familiar materials. The most significant change in thermal shock resistance can be achieved by changing the material’s thermal conductivity. Thermal shock resistance is defined as:

δ= Strength x thermal conductivity Coeff. of thermal expansion x Young’s modulus

Combining materials with the same or similar thermal expansion coefficient provides good physical compatibility. The coefficient of thermal expansion can be adjusted through the selection of recipe components.

1414

60

80

100

40

0

20

Thermal shock resistance of various materials

Graphite Carbongraphite

Boroncarbide

Aluminum Steel Siliconcarbide

Aluminumoxide

Thermo-set

Thermo-plast

Ther

mal

sho

ck re

sist

ance

[%]

30

40

50

20

0

10

Coefficient of thermal expansion of various materials

Thermo-plast

Aluminumalloys

Stainlesssteel

Thermo-set

Chromiumcast

Aluminumoxide

Tungstencarbide

Siliconcarbide

Graphite

Coeffi

cien

t of t

herm

al e

xpan

sion

[10- ⁶

K-¹]

c PTS seal rings made of die-molded carbon

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Suitable counterface materials made of SIGRAFINE®

Our special materials made of SIGRAFINE are well-suited to wet and dry running as well as mixed friction.

We provide our customers with application-specific advice on materials to help them perfectly match of counterface materials and thus increase system performance.

In dry running conditions, the surface finish should generally be of a higher standard than when a liquid film is present. In the latter case, even hydrodynamically poor media such as water or gasoline will achieve a compensating effect and reduce friction.

Hard substances make good mating surfaces for SIGRAFINE. Examples include:

Gray cast iron Steel alloy, non-alloy and nitrided (hard) Hard metal Aluminum oxide Silicon carbide Glass DLC 1)-coated materials

Of limited use are: Steel – alloy and non-alloy (soft) Light metal alloys Chromium-plated materials Nonferrous metals Carbon materials

Surface finish of metallic counterfaces

Stressv < 0.5 m/s

p < 0.1 N/mm2v < 1 m/s

p < 0.2 N/mm2v < 3 m/s

p < 0.3 N/mm2

Rz μm ≈ 1 0.5 … 0.8 < 0.5

1) “Diamond-like carbon,” amorphous carbon resembling diamonds

c Carbon bearings and sliding elements

c Carbon motion control segment

Fine-GrAin GrAPhiTe

VerdrehsicherungVerdrehsicherung Verdrehsicherung

Scharfe QuerschnittübergängeHöhe / Axiallager Höhe / Axiallager

Zylinderlager, Bundlager

Zylinderlager nicht freitragend einbauen Flanschstärke

d3d2d1

15°

f x 45°

b

l





d2d1

f

15°

f x 45°

l

r

We recommend observing the following guidelines for design and calculation depending on the specific application. Our calculation and design recommen-dations are based on many years of project and application experience.We use this experience to help our cus-tomers get the best results when using our special graphites.

Design recommendations

Cylindrical and flanged bearings – design guidelines and calculation

Dry running and mixed running

Bearing dimensionsv (m/s) ≤ 1 projected bearing area I x d1 ≥ F

0.3 (N/mm2) l ≤ 2 d1

v (m/s) ≤ 0.1 projected bearing area I x d1 ≥ F

1.5 (N/mm2) l ≤ 2 d1

Bearing clearance0.3 ... 0.5 % of shaft diameter at operating temperature (warm clearance)

0.3 ... 0.5 % of shaft diameter at operating temperature (cold clearance)if shrunk into a metal housing

Coefficient of friction0.10 … 0.15 for mixed running0.15 … 0.25 for dry running

Wet running

Bearing dimensions 1) v (m/s) ≤ 20 projected bearing area I x d1 ≥

F 0.3 (N/mm2) l ≤ 2 d1

v (m/s) ≤ 15 projected bearing area I x d1 ≥ F

0.5 (N/mm2) l ≤ 2 d1

Bearing clearance 1)

0.1 ... 0.3 % of shaft diameter at operating temperature (warm clearance)

0.1 ... 0.3 % of shaft diameter at operating temperature (cold clearance)if shrunk into a metal housing

Coefficient of friction 0.01 ... 0.05

1) Observe the laws of hydrodynamics.

Information for wet and dry running

TolerancesOutside diameter IT 6 / IT 7Bore IT 7/ IT 8

Surface finishOutside diameter Ra = 6.3 μm … 3.2 μmBore Ra = 3.2 μm … 0.8 μm

Bearing design Do not subject bearing to tension, shear or bending stressFitting Cold fitting, shrink fitting, bondingCounterface materials (surface finish) Generally hard materials, e. g. HRC > 50, Rz = 0.5 … 0.8 μm

1616





d1 d2

l

17DesiGn recOmmenDATiOns

Axial bearings

The following information also applies to calculatingthe face surfaces of cylindrical and flanged bearingswhen loaded axially.

d1 = bearing bore (mm)d2 = bearing outside diameter (mm)d3 = flange diameter (mm)s = bearing wall thickness (mm)l = bearing length, respectively height (mm)F = radial or axial load (N)p = spec. radial or axial load (N/mm2)b = flange thickness (mm)v = sliding speed (m/s)f = chamfer (mm)

c Axial bearings in various designs

Fitting

Method of fittingRecommended ISO tolerances Max. Operating Temperature °C

d₁ d₂ Housing diameter

Cold press fittingbefore F7

after H7 ... H8 s6 H7 about 150 1)

Shrink fittingbefore D8

after E8 ... E9 2) x8 … z8 H7 about 300 3)

1) For housing materials having a thermal expansion of α > 12 x 10−6/K the maximum operating temperature is correspondingly reduced. Press fitting is conducted with a stepped fitting pin with a tolerance of h5.

2) We recommend that the bearing bore be finished to size after shrink fitting.3) For higher temperatures and for housing materials having a thermal expansion of α > 12 x 10−6/K the special tolerances and/or a locking arrangement may be employed –

please inquire about this.

Axial bearings – calculation guidelines and supplementary information

Dry Running/Mixed Running Wet Running

Bearing area A (mm2)

v (m/s) ≤ 1

A ≥ F 0.3 (N/mm2)

v (m/s) ≤ 20

A ≥ F 1.0 (N/mm2)

Coefficient of friction 0.1 ... 0.25 0.01 ... 0.05Surface finish Bearing surfaces fine-ground to lapped Bearing surface lappedBearing design Solid or split Solid or split, lubricating grooves

Fitting Cold press fitting, shrink fitting, screws, nuts and form closure

Cold press fitting, shrink fitting, screws, nuts and form closure

Counterface materials(surface finish)

Generally hard materials, e. g.HRC > 50

Rz = 0.5 ... 0.8 μm

Generally hard materials, e. g.HRC > 50

Rz = 0.5 ... 0.8 μm

The following implementation examples illustrate the aforementioned calculation and design guidelines.

Example: Cylindrical bearing calculation

Dry running

Given valuesSliding speed v = 0.5 m/sLoad F = 150 NTemperature 60 °C

Bearing dimensions

Projected bearing area l x d1 > F 0.3

= 150 0.3

= 500 mm2

Bearing bore d1 > I 2

chosen as d1 = l d1 = 500 = 22.36 mm

rounded up d1 = 23 mm

Bearing length I = 500 23 = 21.7 mm

rounded up l = 22 mm

Bearing outside ød2 = d1 �+ 2s smin = 0.15 x d1 = 3.45 mm 23 �+ 2 x 3.45 = 29.9 mm

rounded up d2 = 30 mmBearing dimensions ø 30/23 x 22 mmBearing playDry running 0.3 ... 0.5 % of shaft ø dShaft ø 20 mm d = 23 h6

Bearing clearance (min.) 0.3 % x 23 = 0.069 mm(added to nominal bore)

Bearing tolerancesBearing outside ø chosen s6 (cold press fitting)Bearing bore chosen F7This results in: Ø 30 s6/23.069 F7 x 22 mm

Example: Axial bearing calculation

Wet running

Given values

Shaft ø 20 mmSliding speed v = 3 m/sLoad F = 500 NMedium Water Temperature 30 °C

Bearing dimensionsBearing bore d1 = 20 mm (given)

Bearing outside ø d2

By going back and calculatingfrom the required area

A = F 1.0 = 500

1.0 = 500 mm2

this results in

A = (d22 – d12) 4

d2 = A x 4 �+ d12

d2 = 500 x 4 �+ 202

d2 = 32 mm

Bearing outside øchosen as d2 = 35 mm

Bearing height l > 0.1d3

chosen as l = 5 mm

b Cylindrical bearing made of die-molded carbon

1818

























s

b





l

d2





s

l

d1

19

b Various bearings made of die-molded carbon

Over the years, our design recommen-dations have proven themselves time and again and help attain the greatest possible process reliability – by mini-mizing the risk that the bearings will break, for instance.

Any arrangement such as a check plate or plain pin to prevent rotation should be provided in an unloaded area, not in the bore. Any keyway should be axial and milled out carefully to avoid breakage.

Flange thickness should be at least equal to wall thickness. A transitional angle should be radiused; machine the housing thrust face for the flange. b ≥ s

Cylindrical bearings should not be fitted to be self-supporting. They should be fully supported by the housing or by a special metal bushing

Cylinder thicknessI ≤ 2d1; s = 0.15 ... 0.2 x d1; smin = 3 mm

Height I ≥ 0.1 d2; not under 3 mm,if possible

Avoid sharp steps in the bore and on the outside. Break sharp edges!

19DesiGn recOmmenDATiOns

Bearing design

Bearings for dry running should have a smooth bore. If bearings are running wet, bores should have spiral grooves or axial grooves according to the application.

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SIGRAFLEX® for static sealing applicationsSIGRAFLEX materials made of flexible expanded graphite are exceptionally well suited for sealing pumps, flanges and valves. Thanks to their long-term dura bility, they significantly increase plant avail ability, process reliability and environmental safety.

Our SIGRAFLEX foils and sheets are also available in large sizes, such as reinforced sheets up to 1.5 m (59.1") in width. We cover all static sealing applications. Even large boilers with high temperatures can be sealed securely.

FLexiBLe GrAPhiTe

SIGRAFLEX® foils and sheets made of flexible graphite.Entirely safe – even under the toughest conditions.

Foils and reinforced sheets made of SIGRAFLEX prove their value wherever safety and impermeability are called for, even under extreme conditions such as high pressures or temperatures.

Our flexible expanded graphite sealing materials have put their exceptional sealing properties to the test for decades. Mechanical engineering companies particularly appreciate their unwaveringly high reliability under a wide array of operating conditions. The material is resistant to most chemical media and sets itself apart from other asbestos substitutes by the long-term stability of its sealing properties at temperatures up to approx. 550 °C (1022 °F) 1).

Material data for our SIGRAFLEX® reinforced graphite sheets and foils

Typical properties UnitsSIGRAFLEX sheet SIGRAFLEX foil

HOCHDRUCK ECONOMY C BNumber of inserts 1 – 7 1 – 2

Metal reinforcement: stainless steel sheet 316 (L)

mm 0.05 0.05in 0.002 0.002

Bonded/adhesive-free adhesive-free bonded

Thicknessmm 1.0 – 4.0 0.55 – 3.0 0.35 – 1.0 0.2 – 3.05

in 0.04 – 0.16 0.02 – 0.12 0.014 – 0.04 0.008 – 0.12

Widthmm 1000/1500 1000 500/1000 1016 – 1524

in 39.4 – 59.1 39.4 39.4 – 59.1 40.0 – 60.0

Lengthmm 1000/1500 1000

in 39.4 – 59.1 39.4Purity % ≥ 99.85 ≥ 98 ≥ 98 ≥ 98Ash content % ≥ 0.15 ≤ 2 ≤ 2 ≤ 2

Density (graphite) g/cm3 1.1 1.0 0.7 – 1.3 0.7 – 1.43Chloride content ppm ≤ 10 ≤ 25 ≤ 25 ≤ 50Sulfur content ppm < 500 < 1000

c Various products made of SIGRAFLEX graphite foils

21

1) At temperatures above 450 °C (842 °F) please seek our advice.

We will find the best solution – in partnership with you.The fascinating potential of carbon as a material excites us and inspires us to develop optimum solutions in partnership with our customers.

With our comprehensive material portfolio and valuable specialist know-how, we can manufacture tailored products – even for the most challenging applications.

Consistently high quality, a global presence, innovative strength, and the extensive experience of our employees make us a reliable partner to our customers.

Whatever challenges you face, together we will find the best solution.

22

sGL GrOUP – The cArBOn cOmPAny

b Manufacture of a dashboard mold using a specialty graphite electrode

SGL Group – The Carbon Company. A leading global manufacturer of carbon-based products.

Unique product portfolio Innovative technologies and solutions Production sites close to sales markets Technology & Innovation Center in Germany with international networks

We have wide-ranging expertise in raw materials, advanced manufacturing processes, and long-standing application and engineering know-how. We have a comprehensive portfolio of carbon, graphite, and carbon fiber products and our integrated value chain covers everything from carbon fibers to composites. With a global sales and distribution network and modern production sites in Europe, North America, and Asia, we are close to our customers throughout the world.

We use this broad base to offer our customers the best solutions possible. That’s how we live up our claim: Broad Base. Best Solutions. This claim is also upheld by our corporate SGL Excellence philosophy of continuous improvement.

�+�More information can be found by visiting: www.sglgroup.com

sglgroup sglgroup

23

Contact

AmericAsSGL TECHNIC Inc.Polycarbon Division 28176 No. Avenue StanfordCA 91355 Valencia /[email protected]

Graphite Materials & SystemsSGL CARBON GmbH Soehnleinstrasse 8 | 65201 Wiesbaden/Germanywww.sglgroup.com/gms

eUrOPe/miDDLe eAsT/AFricASGL CARBON GmbHDrachenburgstrasse 153170 Bonn/[email protected]

AsiA/PAciFicSGL CARBON Japan Ltd.13-5 Midoridaira, Sosa-shi 289-2131 Chiba/[email protected]

® registered trademarks of SGL CARBON SE 04 2015/0 1NÄ Printed in GermanyThis information is based on our present state of knowledge and is intended to provide general notes on our products and their uses. It should therefore not be construed as guaranteeing specific properties of the prod-ucts described or their suitability for a particular application. Any existing industrial property rights must be observed. The quality of our products is guaranteed under our “General Conditions of Sale”.

specialty graphites for mechanical engineering

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