parts of the sun (demo)
TRANSCRIPT
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sun
- is an average star, a sole source of light and heat in the solar system and huge glowing ball of hydrogen and helium gas.
4.5 billion years old now
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Parts of the Sun
Inner Parts Outer Parts
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Outer Parts of the Sun
Prominences
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Photosphere
• The “visible” surface of the Sun
• It is not a solid surface, but rather a layer of gasses
• few hundred kilometers thick, with a temperature of 6000 K
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Sun Spots• They are dark spots on
the Sun.
• They are regions of the photosphere that have a lower temperature then the surrounding regions and has a very strong magnetic fields.
Effects
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Chromosphere
• a red circle around the outside of the sun and is the inner layer of the Sun’s atmosphere.
• When it can be seen it looks like a red circle around the Sun.
• , temperature - 7000 K
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Prominences - are dense clouds of
material suspended above the surface of the sun by loops of magnetic field .
• (also known as a filament when viewed against the solar disk) is a large, bright feature extending outward from the Sun's surface
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The Corona
• The outermost layer of the Sun’s atmosphere.
• Formed by the vapors emitted by the bubbling gases in the photosphere.
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Inner Parts of the Sun
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The Core
- central part of the sun where hydrogen fuses into helium to give off energy.
Temperature (10 million to 20 million degrees Celsius)
density of 160 g/cm^340 percent of the sun's mass in 10
percent of the volume
Inner Parts
Hydrogen Gamma Rays &
Neutrinos
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Radiative Zone - a layer of a star's interior
where energy is primarily transported toward the exterior by means of radiative diffusion.
• It can take million of years for energy to move out of this layer.
• temperature is 4 million kelvins (7 million degrees F).
• 60 percent of the mass in 90 percent of the volume.
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Convective Zone - outer-most layer of the solar
interior. It extends from a depth of about 200,000 km right up to the visible surface.
• temperature is about 2,000,000° C.
• Energy moves out of this layer in about a week.
• density is only 0.0000002 gm/cm³
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Effects of the Sunspots
• Radio communication • magnetic sub-storms• auroral activity• Telecommunications• electrical power grid.
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Aurora Borealis
• Also called the Northern Lights• Energy from the solar flares also causes
displays of different-colored lights in the upper atmosphere.
• Most often seen in Alaska, Canada, and the Northern United States
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Aurora Australis
• (also known as the southern lights, and southern polar lights) is the southern hemisphere counterpart to the aurora borealis. In the sky, an aurora australis takes the shape of a curtain of light, or a sheet, or a diffuse glow; it most often is green, sometimes red, and occasionally other colors too.
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• Hydrogen• Chemical Element• Hydrogen is a chemical element with chemical symbol H and
atomic number 1. With an atomic weight of 1.00794 u, hydrogen is the lightest element on the periodic table. Wikipedia
• Symbol: H• Atomic number: 1• Electron configuration: 1s1• Electrons per shell: 1• Atomic radius: 53 pm• Atomic mass: 1.00794 ± 0.00001 u• Discoverer: Henry Cavendish
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Gamma rays
- are photons with high energy and high frequency. It absorbed and re-emitted by many atoms on their journey from the envelope to the outside of the sun.
• When the gamma rays leave atoms, their average energy is reduced.
• However, the first law of thermodynamics (which states that energy can neither be created nor be destroyed) plays a role and the number of photons increases.
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The size of the Sun
• If the Sun were a hollow ball more then a million Earths could fit inside it!
• The Sun is an average size star and the largest object in the solar system.
• The Sun looks larger than the other stars that can be seen in the night sky because it is much closer to Earth.
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• Question: 1. Write the different parts of the Sun (in order
from inner to outer parts)2. What is the importance of the Sun?3. What are the effects of the sunspots?
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