Parts of the Cell - Biology 30S

Name:

Cells, Homeostasis, Tissues Review - Biology 30S

1. Matching!

the fluid that fills the cell

structure which is the site for respiration; the ‘power plant” of the cell

large structure that controls metabolism of the cell, and regulates cell division

a system of double membranes that forms a network of channels that make a transportation network between part of the cell

rigid envelope of cellulose that provides protection and support

outer boundary of the cell; controls flow of substances in and out of the cell, controls communication with other cells

membrane-enclosed bodies full of enzymes which can digest proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids

a body inside the nucleus that likely synthesizes RNA for ribosome production

collection of protein near the nucleus that contains the centrioles

tiny granules made of RNA and protein; sites of protein synthesis

plastids that use solar energy to synthesize carbohydrates

colourless plastids in which glucose is changed to starch

membrane-bound vesicles which may contain stored food, wastes, or excess water

collects and packages proteins for export to the outside of the cell

plastids that manufacture pigments

outer boundary of the nucleus

a pair of organelles which are associated with the spindle fibers that appear during cell division

cell membrane, cell wall, centrioles, centrosome, chloroplast, chromoplast, cytoplasm, endoplasmic reticulum, golgi bodies, leucoplast, lysosome, mitochondrion, nuclear membrane, nucleolus, nucleus, ribosomes, vacuole

2. List five levels of cellular organization, and give examples.

3. List the five types of animal tissue, and give an example of where these tissues are found.

4. List three main functions of epithelial tissue:

5. List the six types of epithelial cells and give examples of their location.

6. What is the function of:

a) Ligaments

b) Tendons

7. Which type of epithelial cell is found in each of these locations:

a) Linings of glands.

b) Lining of the oviduct.

c) Sites with little wear and tear.

d) Retinal lining.

e) Sites that undergo rough wear.

f) Lining of the intestine.

8. List six main functions of connective tissue:

9. Where is cartilage found in the body?

10. Bone tissue is comprised of:

a)

, which form the bone material, and

b)

, which reabsorb the bone material.

11. List four main types of connective tissue:

12. List three main roles of adipose tissue:

13. What are the three types of muscle tissue, and how do they differ?

14. Name the tissues shown in these diagrams:

a)

b)

c)

d)

e)

f)

g)

15. What are the five ways that substances can enter a cell?

16. Which of these are passive and which are active transport?

a)

b)

c)

d)

e)

17. Label these as hypotonic, hypertonic, or isotonic.

18. Which mechanism:

a) uses no energy and results in an even distribution of molecules?

b) uses no energy, and occurs across a semi-permeable membrane?

c) occurs across the membrane of red blood cells causing them to swell and burst when placed in distilled water?

d) uses energy and allows the cell to take into itself particles and bacteria?

e) moves substances across the plasma membrane from a low to a high concentration?

f) uses a carrier molecule to help substances across a membrane but does not require energy?

19. Circle the correct statements below. Diffusion is a process that:

a) occurs in liquid and gases

b) only occurs in liquids

c) uses energy

d) uses no energy

e) occurs naturally

f) occurs from a lower concentration of molecules to a higher concentration

g) occurs from a higher concentration of molecules to a lower one

h) results in an even distribution of molecules

i) only occurs with small molecules like water

j) is more rapid at low temperatures

k) is more rapid at high temperatures

20. Circle the correct statements below. Osmosis:

a) is a special kind of diffusion

b) only occurs in gases

c) is not a natural process

d) is the diffusion of water molecules only

e) is the diffusion of water molecules from a high concentration of water to a low concentration of water

f) requires a semi-permeable membrane

g) requires energy

h) results in an even dispersal of water molecules

i) results in an even distribution of salt molecules

21. A semi-permeable membrane is a membrane that:

a) allows some molecules to go through but not others

b) allows all molecules to go through

c) is different on each side

d) is partly made from permeable compounds

22. Active transport:

a) uses energy

e) uses no energy

f) occurs from a lower concentration of molecules to a higher concentration

g) occurs from a higher concentration of molecules to a lower one

h) results in an even distribution of molecules

i) only occurs with small molecules like water

23. Oxygen crosses the plasma membrane by:

a) diffusion via the channels

b) active transport

c) diffusion through the lipid bilayer

d) facilitated diffusion

e) osmosis

24. Water crosses the plasma membrane by:

a) diffusion via the channels

b) active transport

c) diffusion through the lipid bilayer

d) facilitated diffusion

e) osmosis

25. Lipid soluble molecules cross the plasma membrane by:

a) diffusion via the channels

b) active transport

c) diffusion through the lipid bilayer

d) facilitated diffusion

e) osmosis

f) pinocytosis

g) phagocytosis

26. Sodium ions move from a low to a high concentration across the plasma membrane by:

a) diffusion via the channels

b) active transport

c) diffusion through the lipid bilayer

d) facilitated diffusion

e) osmosis

f) pinocytosis

g) phagocytosis

27. Glucose molecules cross the plasma membrane by:

a) diffusion via the channels

b) active transport

c) diffusion through the lipid bilayer

d) facilitated diffusion

e) osmosis

f) pinocytosis

g) phagocytosis

28. Circle the correct answer.

a) When red blood cells are placed in an isotonic solution they:

swell

stay the same

shrink

b) Red blood cells are isotonic to:

distilled water

0.2% salt solution

0.9% salt solution

2.0% salt solution.

c) Red blood cells placed in a 2.0% salts solution would:

swell

stay the same

shrink

d) Red blood cells placed in distilled water would:

swell

stay the same

shrink

e) When red blood cells are placed in distilled water:

the water enters the cells

the water leaves the cells

the water does not move

the salts in the cells leave the cells

f) Red blood cells placed in a 0.9% salt solution would:

swell

stay the same

shrink

g) Red blood cells placed in distilled water are in a:

Hypertonic

isotonic

hypotonic solution.

h) Red blood cells placed in 0.9% salt solution are in a:

Hypertonic

isotonic

hypotonic solution.

i) Red blood cells placed in a 2.0% salt solution are in a:

Hypertonic

isotonic

hypotonic solution.

29. Three bottles are filled with three different solutions. One with distilled water, one with 0.9% salt solution and the third with 9.0% salt solution. A few dried apricots are placed in the three bottles and left in the solutions for an hour.

The apricots in bottle A stay the same.

The apricots in bottle B shrink

The apricots in bottle C swell.

Now answer the following questions:

a) Which bottle contains the most concentrated salt solution? A B C

b) Which bottle contains water? A B C

c) Which bottle contains the isotonic salt solution? A B C

d) Which bottle contains the hypotonic solution? A B C

e) Which bottle contains the hypertonic salt solution A B C

30. Name the process by which plants get…

a) Mineral salts

b) Water

c) Carbon Dioxide

31. Which of the processes in the previous question…

a) Occurs across a partially-permeable membrane

b) Is applicable to movement of solute only

c) Requires cellular respiration

The diagram shows a cross-section of a root hair cell. Indicated on this diagram are four ways whereby molecules can move into or out of the cell. The size of the circle indicates the concentration of the substance (big circle = high conc.; little circle = low conc.).

32. Which arrow A, B, C or D represents the:

a) Movement of mineral salts?

b) Movement of water?

33. Name both the processes listed in Q7, giving reasons.

34. If glucose moves from this cell to an adjacent cell, which arrow will best represent this movement?

35. Name this process.

36. Explain these terms:

a) Homeostasis

b) Receptor

c) Effector

d) Negative feedback

37. Outline an example of negative feedback found in the human body (e.g. sugar metabolism).

38. In order to function properly, homeostatic mechanisms must allow the body to:

39. Label this animal cell:

a) Ribosomes

b) Mitochondrion

c) Smooth ER

d) Rough ER

e) Vacuole

f) Cytoplasm

g) Nucleolus

h) Chromatin

i) Golgi Body

j) Centrioles

k) Nuclear Membrane

l) Nucleus

m) Microtubules

n) Cell Membrane

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