parametric study of seismic behaviour of multistorey

“PARAMETRIC STUDY OF SEISMIC BEHAVIOUR

OF MULTISTOREY BUILDING WITH L, PLUS AND

RECTANGULAR ARRANGEMENT OF SHEAR

WALLS”

Ravikant Vishwakarma, Rashmi Sakalle

P.G. Scholar, Department of civil engineering

Truba institute of engineering & information technology,

Bhopal India

Professor, Department of civil engineering

Truba institute of engineering & information technology,

Bhopal India

Abstract: Shear walls are one of the best ways to make multi-story reinforced concrete

buildings earthquake resistant. Shear walls are specially engineered concrete walls used

in buildings to withstand horizontal forces caused in the wall's plane by wind,

earthquakes, and other forces. Shear walls have a high in-plane stiffness and strength,

allowing them to withstand significant horizontal loads while still supporting gravity

loads. Because of the destructive effects of earthquakes in the last decade, it is now

necessary to consider earthquake effects when designing medium to high-rise buildings.

Before assessing the structural stability of a system, earthquake forces should be

considered. Shear walls can be very effective in resisting lateral loads caused by wind or

earthquakes when they are placed in advantageous locations in a house. The present

study is carried out to address better understanding and improved usage of shear wall

with different shapes and different location. In this project, various models of 11 storeyed

building in zone IV are analysed by changing locations of shear walls for determining

parameters like lateral displacement and storey drift. Different models have been drawn

by adopting different locations and configurations of shear walls. Linear static, linear

dynamic (response spectrum analysis) methods of analysis have been used following IS:

1893 (Part l)-2002. The seismic analysis of all the frame models has been done for

various load combinations according to IS: 1893 (Part-l)-2002 has been done by using

software STAADPRO V8i.

Keywords: Seismic Analysis, Shear Wall, Response Spectrum, Seismic Effect, Story Drift, Multi-

storey Building.

1. INTRODUCTION

Shear wall are one of the excellent means of providing earthquake resistance to multi

storeyed reinforced concrete building. In high-rise buildings, beam and column

dimensions are wide, and heavy reinforcement at beam-column joins is very heavy,

resulting in a lot of clogging at these joints, making it difficult to position and vibrate

concrete, which does not add to the buildings' protection. These functional issues

necessitate the use of shear walls in high-rise buildings. From the standpoint of economy

and control of horizontal displacement, a shear wall can become essential. During

earthquakes, the foundation is still weakened for several reasons. The distribution of

weight, stiffness, and strength in both horizontal and vertical planes of the system

determines how it behaves during earthquake motion. The Building uses reinforced

concrete shear walls to mitigate the effects of earthquakes. These can be used to improve

JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING, COMPUTING & ARCHITECTURE

Volume 11, Issue 5, MAY - 2021

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http://www.journaleca.com/ Page No: 87

a building's seismic response. The primary issue in structural architecture for seismic

loading is structural stability during major earthquakes. It is critical to ensure sufficient

lateral stiffness in tall buildings to resist lateral loads.

Reinforced concrete shear walls are used in building to resist lateral force due to wind and

earthquakes. They are usually provided between column lines, in stair wells, lift wells, in

shafts that house other utilities. Shear wall provide lateral load resisting by transferring

the wind or earthquake load to foundation. Besides, they impart lateral stiffness to the

system and also carry gravity loads. When shear wall are situated in advantageous

positions in the building, they can form an efficient lateral force resisting system. The

taller and more the slender a structure, the more important the structural factors become

and the more necessary it is to choose an appropriate structural form or the lateral loading

system for the building. In high rise buildings which are designed for a similar purpose

and of the same height and material, the efficiency of the structures can be compared by

their weight per unit floor area.

1.1Functions of shear wall

To withstand horizontal earthquake forces, shear walls must have

sufficient lateral strength. Shear walls will pass these horizontal forces

to the next feature in the load path below them if they are high enough.

Shear walls can have lateral stiffness to prevent undue side sway in the

roof or floor above.

Shear walls that are sufficiently stiff will prohibit floor and roof

framing members from shifting off their supports. Non structural loss is

normally less in structures that are sufficiently stiff.

Shear walls give buildings a lot of strength and stiffness in the

direction of their orientation, which decreases lateral sway

dramatically. As a result, damage to the building and its contents is

reduced. the details Shear walls hold a lot of lateral force.earthquake

powers, and the consequences of overturning on them are very big.

1.2Objectives of present work

i) To analyse an R.C. building frame using staad.pro Software setup.

ii) To analyze the storey drift pattern in various types of frames.

iii) To find out the configuration which has least lateral displacement and

storey drift i.e. best location of shear walls with shapes in a building

for earthquake prone area.

iv) To study the results of base shear, storey drift, nodal displacement,

maximum reaction for seven different models.



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Table 1.Structural properties of building

Figure 1. Floor plan of the building

2. LITERATURE REVIEW

A literature review is carried out to define the objectives of the paper. The literature

review is discussed briefly summarized as follows:



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Sanisha Santhosh et. al.(2017) studied on the improvement shape of shear walls in

symmetrical high rise building. The multi storey with G+14 and G+29 storey’s are

analyzed for its storey drift and base shear using ETABS software. For the analysis of the

building for seismic loading with two different Zones (Zone- III & Zone-V) is considered

Vijit Sahu et. al.(2018) explained the main focus is to determine the solution for shear

wall location in multistory building. A study has been carried out to determine the

strength of RC shear wall of a multistoried building with different arrangements, with or

without central cross shear wall. Six different cases of shear wall position for a 5 storey

building have been analyzed.

Mindala Rohini et. al.(2019) Studied An earthquake occurs in the form of seismic waves

due to sudden release of energy and results in ground shaking. the analysis is carried out

for seismic response of (G+15) residential building for zone-III and Zone-V regions

through response spectrum method and time history method in ETABS. The parameters

like storey displacement, storey drift and storey shear are observed for specified zones.

Ashish Raghuwanshi et. al.(2020) coupled shear wall in combination with steel x

bracing provided in bare frame at an outer portion of the building with R.C.C beam and

the slab and this frame is analyzed and compared with bare frame. For present research

analysis a regular 13 storey RCC frame having square plan of size 25 m × 25 m which is

located in seismic zone V is considered. For the analysis of structure STAAD.Pro

software is used and the Seismic zone consideration is as per IS 1893(Part 1): 2002.

3. METHODOLOGY

The 11-storeyed building frames consists of beams, columns, slabs and shear wall are

modeled for analysis using software Staadpro v8i. Four separate models were investigated

of various shear wall placements in order to determine parameters such as storey drift and

displacement in order to determine the best shear wall location in buildings. In this project

4 types of structures in which shear walls at different locations are taken for comparison

Type 2 and 4 are the structures without central cross shear wall and type 2 are the

structures in which central cross shear walls are provided at the center.

Figure 2.structure without shear wall



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Figure 3.Shear Wall at corners

Figure 4.Shear wall in middle

Figure 5.shear wall along periphery



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3.1 Result and discussion

3.1.1 Lateral displacement

Among all the load combination, the load combination of 1.5DL+1.5EQ is found to be the

most critical combination in both X and Y directions for all the models. So all the results

are for load combination of 1.5DL+1.5EQ, where DL= Dead load including floor finish

load and wall load, and EQ= Earthquake load in corresponding direction.

Obtained results have been presented in form of graphs, indicating the trends and pattern

of variables such as lateral displacement, storey drift.

Figure 6.Lateral displacement along X-direction Figure 7.Lateral displacement along (Equivalent static method) Y- direction (Equivalent static method)

Figure 8.Lateral displacement along X-direction Figure 9.Lateral displacement along (Response spectrum method) Y direction (Response spectrum method)



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3.1.2 Storey drift

In case of drift, as the height of the building increases, the drift also increases up to a

certain height and after that it decreases. From the graph it is observed that the maximum

value of storey drift is for the structure type 4 which is shear wall along periphery and the

minimum value is for the model type 1 which is shear wall not provide (base model).

Figure 10.Storey drifts along X-direction Figure 11.Storey drifts along Y-direction (Equivalent static method) (Equivalent static method)

3.1.3 Maximum nodal displacement due to earthquake load

The reaction at supports implies that the rigidness of support and to ensure that the

capability of a column to transfer the load without settlement of support. From the Figures

it has been observed that maximum nodal reaction for M1 (Base model) which is structure

without shear wall is minimum And nodal reaction is maximum for M4 model which is

shear wall along periphery.

Figure 12.NODAL SUPPORT REACTION Figure 13.NODAL SUPPORT REACTION (Shear wall at Corner) (Shear wall at middle)



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Figure 14.NODAL SUPPORT REACTION (Shear wall along Periphery)

3.1.4 Base shear

Base shear is an estimate of the maximum expected lateral force that will occur due to

seismic ground motion at the base of the structure. Base shear and mass participation

factors in percent for both the buildings at plain and slope are shown below. The total

design lateral force or design seismic base shear Vb along any principal direction is

determined by the STAAD. Participation factor Sum-X on 50th mode is calculated to be

93.21 for building at plain. Seismic weight has been achieved using the first three mode

shapes. As per clause 7.8.4.2 in IS 1893, the number of modes to be used in the analysis

should be such that the sum of total of modal masses of all modes considered as 90% of

total seismic mass. The summation has come to be about 90% in STAAD Pro V8i, hence

we can conclude that clause 7.8.4.2 has been satisfied.

Table 2.Value of base shear for all types of structure

Figure 15.base shear of structure with shear wall



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4. CONCLUSIONS

The key goal of this project was to investigate the impact of shear walls at various

locations within a multistory structure. Storey drift, base shear, maximum nodal

displacement, and maximum nodal reaction were the reference parameters.

Among all the load combination, the load combination of 1.5DL+1.5EQ is found to be the

most critical combination in both X and Y direction for all the models. In both equivalent

static and response spectrum analysis it has been found that model having shear walls at

the corner of the building (L Shape) in shows the least lateral displacement and M2(L

Shape) and M3(+ Shape) shows the least storey drift in X and Z direction but model

having shear walls at the along periphery of the building in (rectangular shape) shows

lesser lateral displacement and storey drift in both X and Z directions as compared to

other models. The reaction at supports refers to the rigidity of the pillar and the capacity of a column to

move weight without support settlement. Model type 4 (Shear wall around periphery) has

the greatest nodal reaction. Shear walls become inefficient when a building reaches 80

percent height, according to this report.

In column force, maximum axial force is calculated and it is observed that maximum load

is in base columns because it resist complete load of residential building.

Maximum bending moment and maximum shear force are measured in beam forces, and

it is discovered that the ground floor is more effective due to close interaction with the

earth and base. In contrast to long Beams, the Torsion effect is observed to be greater in

short Beams. The displacement of the lower components of a structure on plain land is less

than the displacement of beams 51, 46, and 41.

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Earthquake)buildings and frames’,Part-1 Dead load, Unit weight of building

materials and stored materials, Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi.

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7. IS: 13920- 1993, "Indian Standard Code of Practice for Ductile Detailing of

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parametric study of seismic behaviour of multistorey

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