paper 2: introduction to the comprehension paper, reading strategies, tone, figurative questions &...

8/9/2019 Paper 2: Introduction to the comprehension paper, reading strategies, tone, figurative questions & AQ

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PAPER 2Comprehension


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AGENDA

Introduction to the comprehension paper

Reading strategies

RE: Questions

Paraphrasing

Tone

Break

Figurative questions

AQ


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WH

AT IS READINGCOMPREHENSION?

the capacity for understanding fully; the act or action of grasping

with the intellect


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1.5 hours

35 marks for content, 15 marks for language

Not just your average comprehension paper


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PASSAGE TYPE

1 or 2

~1200 words


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QUESTION TYPES

Understanding (10-15 marks)

Vocabulary (5-7 marks)

Summary (8-10 marks)

Application (7-10 marks)


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HOW TO READ

1. transcend the pages


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2. be purposeful.


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WHAT GOOD READERS DO.

Finding main ideas and supporting details/evidence

Making inferences and drawing conclusions

Recognizing a text's patterns of organisation

Perceiving conceptual relationships


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TRUE OF FALSE?

I have to read every word.


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TRUE/FALSE?

My comprehension

falls if I read too fast.


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A CH

ECKLIST FOR TEST-TAKING

Do you skim every test for its gist?

Do you ask yourself what you already know about this topic?

Do you consciously try to identify the main argument and the

main ideas at the first reading?

Do you read each paragraph closely and carefully when you need

to?

Do you look at the hard words or expressions only if required to?


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THE QUESTION IS KING!

AIYOW

Use keywords


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PARAPHRASING

1. Use synonyms.

2. Change the sentence pattern.

3. Change the order of ideas.

4. Breakdown sentences.


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2 .

Technology can cause a disaster.

A technological disaster is possible.


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3 .

Technology can improve the quality of

life if we plan carefully for the future.

If we plan carefully for the future,

technology can improve the quality of life .


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4.

Mental disorder is undoubtedly a serious problem in our society,

and as a result, dozens of different psychotherapeutic procedures

have been developed over the past few decades, but to date these

procedures rarely lead to a complete cure, so psychologists continue

to search for new theories concerning the origin of mental problems

and to look for new techniques for eliminating the distress of mental

patterns.


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Mental disorder is undoubtedly a serious problem in our society.

As a result, dozens of different psychotherapeutic procedures have

been developed over the past few decades.However, to date these

procedures rarely lead to a complete cure. Consequently, psychologists

continue to search for new theories concerning the origin of mental

problems and to look for new techniques for eliminating the distress

of mental patients.


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PITFALLS TO AVOID

Misreading the original

Including too much of the original

Leaving out important information

Adding your opinion

Summarizing rather than paraphrasing

Substituting inappropriate synonyms

Expanding or narrowing the meaning


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CHECKLIST

Does the altered sentence mean exactly the same as the original?

Is the meaning clear?

Does the altered sentence read smoothly?


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QUESTIONS OF TONE

Questions to muse over:

Who is the writer?

What is his position?

What methods is he using to convince you?

Trustworthiness?


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VOCABULARY

Look at your worksheet.


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FIGURATIVE QUESTIONS

1 requirement:Understanding of the context


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IRONY

1 the expression of meaning through the use of language which

normally signifies the opposite, typically for humorous effect.

2 a state of affairs that appears perversely contrary to what one

expects.


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IRONY EXAMPLE

What a good cookyou are! (When the opposite is true)

This gadget which is supposed to help you to save time, is taking

more timeaway from you.


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EXAMPLE ANSWER

One expects that (insert point from the passage that refers to the

expected outcome).However, in actual fact, (insert point from the

passage that refers to the actual outcome). Thus, the irony is in the

fact that the expected outcome is contrary to the actual outcome.


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PARADOX

1 a seemingly absurd or self-contradictory statement or proposition

that may in fact be true.

2 a person or thing that combines contradictory features or

qualities.


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PARADOX EXAMPLE

He who wants to be the leader

of a group must first be a servant.


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EXAMPLE ANSWER 1

7 step method

[1] It isexpected that [2] [3]. [4] However, in

actual fact [5], [6] [7]Thus, it isparadoxical because

these two contradictory ideas occur simultaneously.


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EXAMPLE ANSWER 2

contradicts , because . Despite this, both and are

seen to occur. Thus, it is a paradox.


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METAPHOR

1 a figure of speech in which a word or phrase is applied to

something to which it is not literally applicable (e.g. foodfor thought).

2 a thing symbolic of something else.


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METAPHOR EXAMPLE

Even though the events of the twentieth century have taught us to

think of the term ethnic conflict as one word, the two concepts do

not have to go hand in hand. That is, ethnic conflict is not inevitable

in multi-ethnic slates. Just like a mosaic art piece; where a plethora of

individual tiles of contrasting textures and colours are instrumental to

the overall composition.


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EXAMPLE ANSWER

Just as So is Explain the similarity.


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WHAT IS REQUIRED OF

YOU

Fully understand the meaning of these terms

Link this understanding to the context of the

passage


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APPLICATION QUESTION

Freedom of expression.


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7 TYPES

1. Critique Issues and Formulate Arguments

2. Generate New Ideas and Alternatives

3. Compare and Contrast4. Solve Problem

5. Predict Consequences/ Possibilities

6. Draw own conclusions and make decisions

7. Anticipate Responses


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HOWWILL YOU BE

GRADED?

R = Requirement

E = Explanation (Ex)

E = Evaluation (Ev)

C = Coherence


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WRITING A GREAT AQ

G Grasp the Question Type and Requirement

R Refer to your marginal annotations of the passage

E Extract the relevant ideas and express your personal stand with

conviction

A Arrange your points logically

T Time yourself and work as fast as you can


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G G GRASP GRASP THE QUESTION

TYPE AND REQUIREMENT

Analyse the question carefully Circle/ underline/ highlight keywords!

What is the Question Type?

What is the specific task(s) required by the QT?

Do I understand the key task words and implications of thequestion?

How many parts does the question have?


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RR REFERREFER TO YOUR

MARGINAL ANNOTATIONS

Make notes. / Pick out main points.

Question the authors assumptions

Challenge the authors stand. Write your personal responses.

Think!How are my marginal annotations relevant to thequestion?


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E E EXTRACTEXTRACT THE

RELEVANT IDEAS

Have I thought through and written down all

relevant points?

Do I have a clear thesis statement? Have I put across my views strongly and persuasively?

Signalyour personalevaluation clearlywith Ithink/ believe/feel that !


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AA ARRANGE ARRANGE YOUR

POINTS LOGICALLY

Plan your AQ essay before you write!


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TT TIMETIME YOURSELF

20 to 25 minutes for the AQ

Advice: do not leave thinking about it to thelast!

Read about the AQ question from the start.


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CHECKLIST

Have you expressed your opinion of the arguments presented by

the writer? Have you supported your opinions with arguments?

Have you used specific examples from your own knowledge or

experience? Where?

Have you addressed the requirements of the question? All of

them?

paper 2: introduction to the comprehension paper, reading strategies, tone, figurative questions &...

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