Pantawid Pamiliyang Pilipino Program (4Ps)

Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT):The Philippines Experience

Nazmul ChaudhuryHD Week 2013

Pantawid Pamiliyang Pilipino Program (4Ps)Started as a pilot CCT in 2007Scaled-up systematically in phases/sets

in the aftermath of various adverse shocks (e..g, 2008 Financial Crisis, 2009 Typhoon)

Identifying Poor Households Geographical Targeting of Poor Provinces and

Municipalities Proxy-Means-Targeting within selected poor

areas to identify poor householdsPredict income based on a set of household characteristicsOfficial poverty threshold to classify as poor

National Household Targeting System (NHTS) Database is now the official database linking national poverty alleviation programs in the Philippines

National Household Targeting System for Poverty Reduction (NHTS-PR)Number of HH assessed: 11 million HH nationwideNumber of Poor HH according to PMT: 5.2 million poor

HH nationwide Every 4 years a new PMT model will be estimated with

updated poverty modelRecertification in 2014 with emphasis on greater

inclusion of poor living in urban and remote rural areas

Eligibility for 4PsBesides being poor, eligible households must

Have children 0-14 years old or Have a pregnant women at the time of the

household assessment

Conditions for 4PsPregnant women must:

Go to clinics for prenatal and postnatal servicesDeliver at a health facility (or with a skilled professional)

Children 0-5 years old must:Attend regular health checkups and growth monitoring

All parents/mothers must:Attend monthly Family Development Sessions

Children 6-14 years old must:Attend school over 85% of the school daysDay care or pre-school attendance of over 85% (not funded by

the Bank)Take de-worming pills twice a year

Cash Transfer Amount for 4PsGrant are paid on a quarterly basis through a state-

owned Bank (Land Bank) Amounts to households vary from P 500 to P1,400 per

month:Health Grant - P500 per month per householdEducation Grant - P300 per month (for 10 months) per child

for a maximum of 3 children per householdAverage cash transfer represents about 20% of monthly

income for the poor

Rapidly expanding coverage of Poor

3.8 million poor households enrolled in the program in 2013

Compliance Verification System (CVS)

Health Facilities and providers – fill in a form on a quarterly basis indicating whether or not beneficiaries sought the pre-specified health services

School principals and teachers – fill in a form on a quarterly basis indicating whether beneficiary children attend 85% or more school days

Municipal Links – fill in a form on a quarterly basis indicating whether beneficiary parents attended the monthly Family Development Session

These forms are encoded at the regional level and submitted to the central office to be linked to payments

Strong Coordination and Synergies across MinistriesThe CCT program is implemented in coordination with

the Ministries of Social Welfare, Education and HealthSupporting

Education initiatives, such as Book on WheelsHealth initiatives, such as Universal Health Care

Monitoring and EvaluationSpot Checks

Biannual surveys to assess effectiveness and efficiency of program implementation

Qualitative EvaluationHousehold case studies to assess household response

to 4PsChanges in health and education service provision

Quantitative EvaluationMultiple rounds of Impact Evaluation surveys to assess

the effectiveness of 4Ps on key socio-economic, health and education indicators

4Ps Coverage, 2007-2011

2007 2008 2009 2010 20110

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Rapidly Evolving ProgramSupply side still remains as a constraint, particularly in

healthProgram is constantly evolving to adapt to local needs

and expand the safety netUrban, homeless poor, continue to be a challenge; so do

households in remote islands, and indigenous people‘Convergence’ with other social programs