pakistan. location located: mountainous region adjoining central asia and the middle east. central...
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PAKISTAN
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Location• Located: mountainous region adjoining
Central Asia and the Middle East.
• Coastline along the Arabian Sea and Gulf of Oman in the south
• Bordered by Afghanistan and Iran in the west, the Republic of India in the east and the People's Republic of China in the far northeast.
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• Capital- Islamabad
• Largest city- Karachi
• Currency- Pakistani Rupee
• The estimated population of Pakistan is 172,800,000.
• World's sixth most-populous country, behind Brazil and ahead of Russia.
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Languages
Multilingual country
English is the official language
Urdu is the national language
Punjabi is the most commonly spoken language of Pakistan. (About 61 million people)
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Religion
• Majority of the Pakistanis are Muslim
• Almost 85% of Pakistani Muslims are Sunni Muslims and 15% are Shi'a Muslims
• 2nd largest religion is Hinduism• 3rd largest is Christianity
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Politics
• In the current semi-presidential system, the President of Pakistan is the head of state.
• The Prime Minister is the head of government.
• There is a multi-party system.
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President Prime MinisterAsif Ali Zardari Syed Yusuf Raza Gilani
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Economy
• Is the 26th largest economy in the world in terms of purchasing power, and the 47th largest in terms of absolute dollars
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Suffering Economy
Economy suffered from decades of internal political disputes
a fast growing population mixed levels of foreign investment a costly, ongoing confrontation with
neighboring India
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India-Pakistan Conflict
VS.
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History of the Conflict
• The territory of Kashmir
• The territory was handed over to India after they gained independence from the British in 1947.
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The Problem
• The Kashmir area was predominantly Muslim.
• The ruler of Kashmir fled to India and agreed to place Kashmir under Indian rule if India would protect Kashmir from invasion.
• If there had been a vote in Kashmir, the majority probably would have voted to become part of Pakistan for religious reasons.
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War
• Three major wars between India and Pakistan have been fought over the Kashmir territory– 1947-1948– 1965– 1971
• A fourth war almost took place when Pakistan invaded and attempted to capture Kargil.
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The Importance of Kashmir to India and Pakistan
• The geography is mostly rural, with large mountains, deserts, and valleys.
• The region could have natural resources such as oil, gold, or silver that has not yet been discovered.
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Control of the Indus River • The Indus begins in
Kashmir, flows through Pakistan, then flows into mainland India.
• Since Kashmir is part of India, they could dam the Indus and change the flow of the river.
• Without fertile land to grow crops, Pakistan would become a desert and its people would starve.
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Religious Sites
• Both Pakistan and India have sites in Kashmir that are important to their respective religions. – Pakistan is predominately
Muslim. Kashmir is predominately Muslim.
– India is predominately Hindu.
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Strategic Location
• India-Kashmir acts as a buffer.
• Pakistan-Kashmir offers a fertile roadway into India for possible invasion.
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War & Terrorism
• Both India and Pakistan are convinced that they are right and that they will prevail
• In the past 60 years, Pakistan and India have fought three wars over ownership of Kashmir. India won all three.
• Today, the fight continues with acts of terrorism.• The people of Kashmir are probably wondering
why the UN and U.S. won't help them
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Why doesn't the U.S. lend a helping hand with the Kashmir conflict?
• The U.S. wants to be allies with both Pakistan and India.
• Pakistan shares a border with Afghanistan so need Pakistan’s help with war on terrorism.
• We do a great deal of trade with India that is mutually advantageous.