pacific disaster center 1305 n. holopono st., suite 2 kihei, maui, hawaii 96753
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MPAT Tempest Express 14 Staff Planning Workshop Phnom Penh, Cambodia 06-14 March 2008. Regional Disaster Overview. Thursday, 06 March 2008 1145 - 1230 Mr. Todd Bosse Sr. Geospatial Information Analyst. Pacific Disaster Center 1305 N. Holopono St., Suite 2 Kihei, Maui, Hawaii 96753 - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Pacific Disaster Center
1305 N. Holopono St., Suite 2
Kihei, Maui, Hawaii 96753
http://www.pdc.org
Regional Disaster Overview
Thursday, 06 March 2008 1145 - 1230Mr. Todd Bosse
Sr. Geospatial Information Analyst
MPAT Tempest Express 14 Staff Planning WorkshopPhnom Penh, Cambodia
06-14 March 2008
Src: PDC
Src: Digital Globe
Facts …
• Disasters Destabilize Economic and Political Orders– In 2006 disasters killed 23,000 people, affected 143 million others, and
cost more than $34.5b USD(CRED – Annual Disaster Statistical Review: Numbers and Trends 2006)
– Natural disasters cost developing countries 2%–15% of GDP annually [on average]
(Kreiner, Arnold, and Carlin 2003)
– Natural disasters cause high unstability in national incomes (Asian Development Bank, Strategy for the New Millennium)
Source: CRED
Facts …
• Disasters are on the Rise– There has been a substantial increase in the number of reported
natural disasters in the [Pacific] region since 1950s(World Bank, Not if but when – Executive Summary 2006)
– …[in] 2000-2006 … number of disasters increasing by nearly a multiple factor of two
(CRED – Annual Disaster Statistical Review: Numbers and Trends 2006)
Src: CRED
Asia-Pacific
• We Live in a Disaster-Prone Region (Asia Pacific)– 44% of disasters BUT 83% of victims
(UN – International Strategies for Disaster Reduction, Disasters in Numbers, 2006)
– In 2006, disasters affected 119M people and cost $25b USD(CRED – Annual Disaster Statistical Review: Numbers and Trends 2006)
Number of Disasters by Continent Number of Victims by Continent
Source: CRED
Regional Disaster Overview
• Asia accounts for over 60% of the World’s total population with 3.8 billion people.
• Much of Asia lies within a high risk area termed the “Pacific Ring of Fire”
• Majority of Asian nations are “developing”.
“Asia has been the world’s most disaster prone region, having suffered about half of the world’s major
disasters over the past five decades.” (SRC: ADRC, http://www.adrc.or.jp/publications/ngo_workshop/1.pdf)
Disasters in Developing Nations
• Proportion of persons living in cities in developing countries has doubled since 1960.– Half are disaster prone due to the same features that make
them livable
• The poor are hardest hit– Poverty drives informal settlements in disaster prone areas– Disasters severely affect food production in the poor– Small fluctuations in income have a dramatic impact on the
poor. Savings not adequate to deal with a catastrophe– No insurance
• Many Nations require additional investments in capabilities relevant to disaster management– Varying levels of capabilities
SRC: Freeeman, P., Keen, M., Mani M., “Being Prepared”, Finance and Development, Sept 2003.
1.
Facts …Ring of Fire…..
• The Pacific Ring of Fire is an area of frequent earthquakes and volcanic eruptions encircling the basin of the Pacific Ocean in a 40,000 km horseshoe shape. (SRC:
USGS)
• It is associated with a nearly continuous series of oceanic trenches, volcanic belts and tectonic plate movements. (SRC: USGS)
• The Ring of Fire contains 75% of the world's active and dormant volcanoes. (SRC: USGS, National Geographic)
• Ninety percent of the world's earthquakes and 81% of the world's largest earthquakes occur along the Ring of Fire. (SRC: USGS)
1.
Facts …World EQ Snapshot
Asia-Pacific Volcanoes
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Country
Typhoon
Flood
Drought
Land-
slide
Tsunam
i
Earth-
quake
Volcanic
Fire
Cambodia L S L LIndonesia L M M L L S M M
Lao PDR L S M M
Malaysia M S S L M L
Myanmar M M M S S
Philippines S S L S S S M S
Thailand L S S L L L
Vietnam M M L S S L L
Note: L = light; M= medium; S = severe
ASEAN Disaster Overview
Cambodia Disasters
Number of People Killed Number of People Affected
Disaster Date Killed
Flood Jul-1994 506
Flood Jul-2000 347
Flood Aug-1991 100
Epidemic Apr-1999 97
Flood Sep-1996 59
Flood Aug-2001 56
Epidemic Jun-1992 50
Flood Aug-2002 29
Epidemic Jul-1998 15
Flood Aug-1999 7
Disaster Date Affected
Flood Jul-2000 3,448,053
Famine Sep-1995 2,500,000
Famine 1996 2,500,000
Flood Aug-2001 1,669,182
Flood Aug-2002 1,470,000
Flood Sep-1996 1,310,000
Flood Aug-1991 900,000
Famine Sep-1998 900,000
Drought Jan-2002 650,000
Flood Aug-1999 535,904
Most Significant Disasters in Cambodia
• Goal: Enhance ASEAN disaster management capacity & readiness by establishing a common operating picture and data sharing methods.
• Process: Evaluate and document the existing and varying ICT capabilities for each of the participating member countries NDMO’s.
– Based on established ‘benchmarks’
• Product: Develop GAP analysis document.– Website, GIS, data sharing, networking, partner agencies
ASEAN DISCNet
• With regard to the DISCNet benchmark categories, NDMO’s have varying levels of capability from Nation to Nation.
• All Nations have ‘Basic’ infrastructure
DISCNet Results
• ½ of nations have reliable internet access.
• Most need investments in GIS and Archived Disaster Information.
• No established mechanism for sharing of disaster related information regionally
The future …
• Disasters are Global Concerns requiring wide-spread support– Whole of Government and Military HA/DR– International Support and Collaboration
• Cannot Stop Disasters; But Can Reduce Impacts– In 1991, Cyclone Val cost 230% of Samoa GDP; while Heta in
2004 cost only 9% of GDP(World Bank, Not if but when – Executive Summary 2006)
• Information Technologies Are Here Today– Decision Aid Tools– Risk Assessment Methodologies– Exercises
Natural Hazards & Vulnerabilities Atlas
Regional, web-based, geospatial information application with access to GIS data and attributes designed to support the disaster
management/emergency response communities.
Natural Hazards• Tropical Storms• Wildfires• Earthquakes• Tsunamis• Volcanoes• Floods
Risk Exposure• People• Infrastructure
http://atlas.pdc.org
Mr. Todd BosseSr. Geospatial Information Analyst
Pacific Disaster Center
Hawaii, USA
http://www.pdc.org