What is ozone layer?Who discover the ozone layer and when?What is ozone depletion?What happen to the ozone layer on this day?What is the purpose of ozone layer?The ozone layer was built of what chemicals?What will happen if ozone layer is completely

depleted?How fast the ozone depletion grows?How to prevent the ozone depletion?ReferencesPrepared by

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The ozone layer is a deep layer in the stratosphere, encircling the Earth, that has large amounts of ozone in it. The layer shields the entire Earth from much of the harmful ultraviolet radiation that comes from the sun.  The ozone layer or ozone shield is a region of Earth's stratosphere that absorbs most of the Sun's ultraviolet (UV) radiation. It contains high concentrations of ozone (O3) in relation to other parts of the atmosphere, although still small in relation to other gases in stratosphere. The ozone layer contains less than 10 parts per million of ozone, while the average ozone concentration in Earth's atmosphere as a whole is about 0.3 parts per million. The ozone layer is mainly found in the lower portion of the stratosphere, from approximately 20 to 30 kilometers (12 to 19 mi) above Earth, although its thickness varies seasonally and geographically.

What is ozone layer?

The ozone layer was discovered in 1913 by the French physicists Charles Fabry and Henri Buisson. Measurements of the sun showed that the radiation sent out from its surface and reaching the ground on Earth is usually consistent with the spectrum of a black body with a temperature in the range of 5,500–6,000 K (5,227 to 5,727 °C), except that there was no radiation below a wavelength of about 310 nm at the ultraviolet end of the spectrum. It was deduced that the missing radiation was being absorbed by something in the atmosphere. Eventually the spectrum of the missing radiation was matched to only one known chemical, ozone.

Who discover the ozone layer and when?

Charles Fabry

Henri Buisson.

Ozone layer depletion, is simply the wearing out (reduction) of the amount of ozone in the stratosphere. Unlike pollution, which has many types and causes, Ozone depletion has been pinned down to one major human activity. Ozone layer depletion is one of the most serious problems faced by our planet earth. It is also one of the prime reasons which are leading to global warming. (ANKIT JAIN)

The depletion of ozone layer in Atlantic.

What is ozone depletion?

Before climate change, the world’s scientists were warning us about the hole in the ozone layer. Hannah Osborne looks back at how an environmental disaster was averted and asks what the future holds.

There is a hole in the ozone layer and it’s going to kill us all. Thirty years ago that was a global worry. Scientists had discovered chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) were destroying the planet’s ozone – a colourless gas that absorbs harmful UV rays from the Sun, protecting life on Earth. ( Metro news; Hannah Osborne)

What happen to the ozone layer on this day?

When the ozone layer absorbs the sun's ultraviolet radiation, it creates a source of heat and regulates the temperature of the Earth's atmosphere. If the ozone didn't filter the sun's ultraviolet radiation, most of it would reach the Earth's surface, which would be dangerous for plants and animals. The function of the ozone layer is to shield the Earth from the harmful ultraviolet rays of the sun and to keep the Earth warm. (phys.educbritania.com)

What is the purpose of ozone layer?

Ozone trioxidane and catena-trioxygen), or trioxygen, is an inorganic molecule with the chemical formula O3. It is a pale blue gas with a distinctively pungent smell. It is an allotrope of oxygen that is much less stable than the diatomic allotrope O2, breaking down in the lower atmosphere to O2 or dioxygen. Ozone is formed from dioxygen by the action of ultraviolet light and also atmospheric electrical discharges, and is present in low concentrations throughout the Earth's atmosphere (stratosphere). In total, ozone makes up only 0.6 ppm of the atmosphere.

The ozone layer was built of what chemicals?

Land and Water Life Would Suffer Without the ozone layer’s protection

from the sun, people, animals and plant life would be destroyed. Even underwater life would not be safe since UV rays can penetrate clear water to a certain depth before being absorbed.

Increase in Disease However, increased exposure to the

sun’s radiation can also cause blindness and cataracts and, alarmingly, some experts now believe that the amount of protection we receive from vaccinations (for diseases such as measles) could be reduced in people exposed to higher levels of UV-B rays.

Our Food Chain Many biological systems are damaged

by exposure to UV-B and research has shown that its effects are proportional to the time and intensity of exposure and of course, small and delicate organisms are much more vulnerable to damage than larger species, such as humans.

What will happen if ozone layer is completely depleted?

Annual Antarctic Ozone Hole Larger and Formed Later in 2015 The 2015 Antarctic ozone hole area was

larger and formed later than in recent years, said scientists from NASA and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA).

On Oct. 2, 2015, the ozone hole expanded to its peak of 28.2 million square kilometers (10.9 million square miles), an area larger than the continent of North America. Throughout October, the hole remained large and set many area daily records. Unusually cold temperature and weak dynamics in the Antarctic stratosphere this year resulted in this larger ozone hole. In comparison, last year the ozone hole peaked at 24.1 million square kilometers (9.3 million square miles) on Sept. 11, 2014. Compared to the 1991-2014 period, the 2015 ozone hole average area was the fourth largest.

How fast the ozone depletion grows?

5 ways to prevent ozone depletion1. Limit private vehicle driving A very easy way to control ozone depletion would be to limit or reduce the amount of driving as vehicular

emissions eventually result in smog which is a culprit in the deterioration of the ozone layer. Car pooling, taking public transport, walking, using a bicycle would limit the usage of individual transportation. It would be a great option to switch to cars/vehicles that have a hybrid or electric zero-emission engine.

2. Use eco-friendly household cleaning products Usage of eco-friendly and natural cleaning products for household chores is a great way to prevent ozone

depletion. This is because many of these cleaning agents contain toxic chemicals that interfere with the ozone layer. A lot of supermarkets and health stores sell cleaning products that are toxic-free and made out of natural ingredients.

3. Avoid using pesticides Pesticides may be an easy solution for getting rid of weed, but are harmful for the ozone layer. The best

solution for this would be to try using natural remedies, rather than heading out for pesticides. You can perhaps try to weed manually or mow your garden consistently so as to avoid weed-growth.

4. Developing stringent regulations for rocket launches The world is progressing in scientific discoveries by leaps and bounds. A lot of rocket launches are happening

the world over without consideration of the fact that it can damage the ozone layer if it is not regulated soon. A study shows that the harm caused by rocket launches would outpace the harm caused due to CFCs. At present, the global rocket launches do not contribute hugely to ozone layer depletion, but over the course of time, due to the advancement of the space industry, it will become a major contributor to ozone depletion. All types of rocket engines result in combustion by products that are ozone-destroying compounds that are expelled directly in the middle and upper stratosphere layer – near the ozone layer.

5. Banning the use of dangerous nitrous oxide Due to the worldwide alarm caused by a study in the late 70s about the alarming rate at which the ozone

was being depleted, nations around the globe got together and formed the Montreal Protocol in the year 1989 with a strong aim to stop the usage of CFCs. However, the protocol did not include nitrous oxide which is the most fatal chemical that can destroy the ozone layer and is still in use. Governments across the world should take a strong stand for banning the use of this harmful compound to save the ozone layer.

How to prevent the ozone depletion?

https://www.google.com.ph/webhp?sourceid=chrome-instant&ion=1&espv=2&ie=UTF-8#q=ozone+layer&

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ozone_layer https://www.google.com.ph/webhp?sourceid=chrome-

instant&ion=1&espv=2&ie=UTF-8#q=what+happen+to+the+ozone+layer+on+this+day&

http://www.7continents5oceans.com/ozone-layer-depletion-causes-effects-andsolutions

https://www.google.com.ph/webhp?sourceid=chrome-instant&ion=1&espv=2&ie=UTF-8#q=what+is+the+purpose+of+ozone+layer&

https://www.google.com.ph/webhp?sourceid=chrome-instant&ion=1&espv=2&ie=UTF-8#q=the+ozone+layer+was+built+of+what+chemicals

https://www.google.com.ph/webhp?sourceid=chrome-instant&ion=1&espv=2&ie=UTF-8#q=the+ozone+layer+was+built+of+what+chemicals

https://www.google.com.ph/webhp?sourceid=chrome-instant&ion=1&espv=2&ie=UTF-8#q=How+fast+the+ozone+depletion+grows

https://www.google.com.ph/webhp?sourceid=chrome-instant&ion=1&espv=2&ie=UTF-8#q=How+to+prevent+the+ozone+depletion

References

Khalid Mindalano Cyrus Carmelotes Jerald Danial

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