Overview of OpenADR

May 4, 2011

Integrating Demand Response, Efficiency, Renewables and Smart Grid

Sila KiliccoteDeputy, Demand Response Research Center

Environmental Energy Technologies Division

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

Overview of the Presentation

Overview of the Research at Demand Response Research Center

Overview of Automated Demand Response and Open Automated Demand Response (OpenADR) specification

Results from Key Implementations and Pilots Conclusion

DRRC’s Original Vision Statement - 2004

• Efficiency and demand response fully integrated under a unified default tariff / incentive structure.

Demand Response, like Efficiency a condition of service.

All customers, all load participates.

1

Major appliances come “DR Ready” from the factory.

All buildings are “DR Enabled” .2

Full automated system integration between your generator, distributor and customers.

3

Initial Research2002

Initial Research2002

Automated Demand

Response

Automated Demand

Response

Technical StrategiesTechnical Strategies Case StudiesCase Studies

RelatedPricing and Behavior

RelatedPricing and Behavior

Expanded Research 2003-

2006

Expanded Research 2003-

2006

Commercialization2006-2009

Commercialization2006-2009

Seattle City Light2008-2009

Seattle City Light2008-2009

Initiate StandardsDonate to

OASIS, UCAIug 2007

Initiate StandardsDonate to

OASIS, UCAIug 2007

NiST 2009NiST 2009

CAISO• Demo Lab•Participating Load Pilots

CAISO• Demo Lab•Participating Load Pilots

Case StudiesIndustrial, Ag,

Water

Case StudiesIndustrial, Ag,

Water

Open Source DR Automation 2009

Open Source DR Automation 2009

Small C/I AutoDR SCE 2009

Small C/I AutoDR SCE 2009

PCT Radio Coverage 2008

PCT Radio Coverage 2008

Pre-Cooling2003-2009

Pre-Cooling2003-2009

Dimmable Lighting

2006-2009

Dimmable Lighting

2006-2009

DR at UC Campus

2008-2009

DR at UC Campus

2008-2009

Refrigerated Warehouses, Wastewater

Refrigerated Warehouses, Wastewater

Industrial Controls

Industrial Controls

Bell Carter Green Energy Mgmt.

2008-2010

Bell Carter Green Energy Mgmt.

2008-2010

DR for Data Centers

DR for Data Centers

Behavior • TOU 2007• CPP Small C/I

Behavior • TOU 2007• CPP Small C/I

DR Decision, Information, Control

2008-2010

DR Decision, Information, Control

2008-2010

Open Source DR Automation

Server 2009

Open Source DR Automation

Server 2009

AutoDR Price Mapping Demo

2009

AutoDR Price Mapping Demo

2009

AutoDR Dynamic Pricing 2009

AutoDR Dynamic Pricing 2009

Integrated Audits

Integrated Audits

Wireless Protocol OpenADR 2009

Wireless Protocol OpenADR 2009

ZigBee Harmonization

2009

ZigBee Harmonization

2009

DR Pricing / Rates Scoping

2006

DR Pricing / Rates Scoping

2006

DR Rates 2008

DR Rates 2008

DRRC Research Portfolio

DR and Ancillary Services

Regulation Pilot

DR and Ancillary Services

Regulation Pilot

Renewables and DR

Renewables and DR

OpenADR AllianceOpenADR Alliance

DR Quick Assessment Tool

DR Quick Assessment Tool

http://drrc.lbl.gov

Emphasize Open Data Models for DR Price and Reliability SignalsEmphasize Open Data Models for DR Price and Reliability Signals

DRRC Research Focus on OpenADR

AutomationAutomation

Open Data Models

Open Data Models

Price and Reliability

Signals

Price and Reliability

Signals

Allows DR to be a dispatchable resource Improves DR reliability, predictability, and value Increases customer participation and reduces

response cost

Simplify and reduce cost of DR Creates interoperability among customer

systems Creates interoperability between wholesale

and retail systems

Allows customers to choose level of response and how to enable DR strategies

Provides ability to embed automation in customer control systems.

6

Commercial and Industrial CustomersCommercial and Industrial Customers

Alt Communication

Customer Group

Residential – Small Commercial CustomersResidential – Small Commercial Customers

Customer

Auto-DR System Architecture – Possible Integration with Residential

DRRC Research Focus on OpenADR

Customer Group

7

Data ModelsData Models

• OpenADR• Smart Energy Profile 1.0• Smart Energy Profile 2.0• CIM• 61850

Physical Communications

Physical Communications

• WiFi 802.11x• Ethernet 802.3• ZigBee / Zwave 802.15.4• Home Plug Powerline

Control StrategiesControl

Strategies

• Air Conditioner Control• Lighting – dimming• Refrigerator – delay defrost• Building Controls• Storage

Many Methods for Integrating Pricing, Communications and Control to Automate Demand Response

Many Methods for Integrating Pricing, Communications and Control to Automate Demand Response

DRRC Research Focus on OpenADR

OpenADR included among the original NIST 16 Smart Grid Standards.

Time Price0:00 0.06$ 1:00 0.06$ 2:00 0.06$ 3:00 0.06$ 4:00 0.06$ 5:00 0.06$ 6:00 0.06$ 7:00 0.08$ 8:00 0.08$ 9:00 0.08$ 10:00 0.10$ 11:00 0.10$ 12:00 0.10$ 13:00 0.12$ 14:00 0.12$ 15:00 0.12$ 16:00 0.12$ 17:00 0.22$ 18:00 0.22$ 19:00 0.14$ 20:00 0.14$ 21:00 0.12$ 22:00 0.10$ 23:00 0.10$

Price Tier Price

Low $0.00 - $0.06

Medium $0.06 - $0.11

High $0.11 - $0.18

Critical > $0.18

Price Schedule to Price Tier Mapping

Start End Price Tier

0:00 6:59 Low

7:00 12:59 Medium

13:00 16:59 High

17:00 18:59 Critical

19:00 21:59 High

22:00 23:59 Medium

Utility Rate Schedule

TOU with CPP

Example of Price Mapping to Hourly Prices and Tiers

DRRC Research – Dynamic Price Mapping

9

Rationalizing OpenADR to Other Industry Standards

Utility Infrastructure

Commercial and Industrial Facilities

Small Commercial and Residential Facilities

OpenADRThird Party

Intermediaries61850

SEP

OpenADR is the only existing open data model to bridge communications between utility and control systems in commercial and industrial facilities.

OpenADR “Price Mapping Demonstration Project” will extend DR capability into small commercial and residential.

DRRC Research – In Process

OpenADR Results - Price ResponseOpenADR Results - Price Response

DRRC Research – Results in California

DRRC Research – Around the World

Utilities, Aggregators, and ISOs

Research Organizations

Testing, Certification, & Alliances

Technology Integrators

Control and Technology

Industrial

Commercial & Industrial

Commercial

Small Commercial and Residential

SMT Test_1, 3/3/2009 (Min OAT: 43 °F)

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Wh

ole

Bu

ildin

g P

ow

er

[kW

]

Actual Baseline (OAT Regression) 3/10 Baseline

Moderate Price

High Price

Winter and Summer DR in SeattleWinter and Summer DR in Seattle

DRRC Research - Results

Seattle Municipal Tower, 9/11/2009 (Max OAT: 83 °F)

0

500

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0:00

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Who

le B

uild

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Pow

er [

kW]

Actual Baseline 3/10 BL

Test Period

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

McKinstry Target - T1284* Seattle MunicipalTower

Seattle University

Sites

Dem

and

Sh

ed (

%)

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

McKinstry Target - T1284* Seattle MunicipalTower

Seattle University

Sites

Dem

and

Sh

ed (

%)

HE 15:00 HE 16:00 HE 17:00 HE 18:00

0.002 / 0.006 20/72 80/86 40/51 30/49

Forecasted vs. Actual Average Hourly Shed (kW)

Forecasted vs Actual Ramp Time

(MW/ min)

DRRC Research - Results

OpenADR Results – CAISO Participating Load ResponseOpenADR Results – CAISO Participating Load Response

-100

-50

0

50

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:25

Time of Day

De

ma

nd

(k

W)

Forecasted - Actual Hourly Forecasted Bids

Load as Pseudo GenerationLoad as Pseudo Generation

DRRC Research Lessons Learned

AutomationAutomation

Open Data Models

Open Data Models

Price and Reliability

Signals

Price and Reliability

Signals

Allows DR to be a dispatchable resource (wholesale and retail DR).

Improves DR reliability, predictability, and value (summer / winter ). Increases customer participation and reduces response cost

(transparent retail to wholesale DR conversion).

Simplify and reduce cost of DR (embedded clients).

Creates interoperability among customer systems.

Create interoperability between wholesale and retail systems.

Allows customers to choose level of response and how to enable DR strategies (increases DR response).

Provides ability to embed automation in customer control systems (increases DR reliability, customer participation).