overview of iwmi-central asia’s research and its application to mitigate impact of climate change
TRANSCRIPT
Overview of IWMI-CA’s research and its application to
mitigate impact of climate change
Oyture AnarbekovIWMI-Central Asia Office
Tashkent, Uzbekistan 14.12.2016
INTERNATIONAL WATER MANAGEMENT INSTITUTEIWMI is a non-profit, scientific research organization with focus on the sustainable use of water and land resources in developing countries
IWMI established in 1985 with HQ in Sri Lanka More than 150 researchers in 12 Offices IWMI works in partnership with governments, civil
society and the private sector to develop scalable agricultural water management solutions that have a real impact on livelihoods, food security and ecosystem
CHALLENGES IN THE REGION
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0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
1980 1990 2000 2007 2009 2011
Inta
ke p
er a
rea(
m3 /
ha)
/ p
er
cap
ita(
m3 )
Po
pu
lati
on
/Irr
igat
ed a
rea
(ha)
Population Irrigated area Water intake per capita
Population growth -need for increased food production with limited resourcesWater-Energy-Food Nexus and competition of different users Extensive degradation of land and ecosystems
Climate change –supply concerns and extreme events
Deteriorated irrigation and drainage infrastructure
Years: 1951 - 2001Source: http://www.waterunites-ca.org/book.html
IWMI’S ACTIVITIES IN CENTRAL ASIAIWMI started its activities in Central Asia in 2001 with main focus of research on:
Introduction of IWRM principles and Water Governance
Effective water management institutions
Identifying best practices for water savings
Improving irrigation performance Water and energy productivity
improvement and water saving technologies
GIS/Remote sensing and climate change
Member of Regional Program for Sustainable Agricultural Development in Central Asia and Caucasus led by ICARDA
Implemented Programs/Projects in Uzbekistan: SDC: IWRM-FV (2001-2012) SDC: WPI-PL (2008-2012) ADB: Bright Spots and others CRP Water, Land & Ecosystems GIZ/BMZ: Improving irrigation efficiency in Potato fields IWMI hosts GWP-CACENA Partnership with European Universities (Humboldt
University Berlin, CDE/University of Bern/WOCAT and other active networks/initiatives
GIZ TWMCAMurgab
EU/GIZ
USAID/PEER
GOVERNANCE AND MANAGEMENT BODIES IN DIFFERENT LEVELS OF WATER HIERARCHY IN CA
Management Authority Water Hierarchy Levels Governance Authority
Management of Main CanalsSystem Water Canal Committee
or Federation of WUAs
WUA Directorate WUA (WCA) WUA Council
Тerritorial Management Unit of BWO
MINISTRY
Sub-Basin System Water Management
TSR Basin Level
National
Sub-basin
Basin Water Committee
National Water Council
Sub-basin Water Committee
Water Users
BWO(Syrdarya, Amudarya)
RegionalICWC
EC IFAS IFAS BoardAral Sea Basin
Polic
y Le
vel;
Inst
itutio
nal S
tren
gthe
ning
; Tec
hnic
al A
spec
ts;
Cap
acity
Bui
ldin
g (P
ublic
-priv
ate
part
ners
hip)
Schema source: IWRM-FV project
Map of demonstration fields within Ferghana Valley: Tajikistan: 1 – Buri Kurmas, 2 – Shark, 3 – Navbahor, 4 – Amakjon, 5 – Khimoyatbonu; Kyrgyzstan: 6 – Tukhtarov, 7 – Tolobekov, 8 –Absattarov, 9 – Kyrgyzbaeva, 10 – Mamafaliev, 11 – Jusubaliev; Uzbekistan: 12 – Akiev, 13 – Abdurahmon ota, 14 – Mirzakhmadsahovati, 15 – Baht imkon rivozh, 16 – Dilshoda, 17 – Kahramon davlat, 18 – Ergash ota, 19 – Sobir ota, 20 – Botirjon, 21 – Ortikov, 22 – Kosimov, 23 – Nilu, 24 – Durdona Gayrat, 25 – Omonov, 26 – Nabijon ota
DEMO FIELDS & WATER SAVING TECHNOLOGIES
Irrigation treatment/practices Water measurements Water saving technologies
12,6 13,114,4
8,78,1
14,0
8,47,0
14,2
7,1 6,7
11,2
6,2
7,8
10,7
7,16,1
8,8
7,1
9,3
7,66,97,9
7,2
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
ЮФК ААК ХБК
Удел
ьная
вод
опод
ача,
ты
с.м
3/га
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Results of project interventionsSpecific Water supply per ha in 3 main canals, 1000м3/hа
Source: WPI-PL project
WATER AND ENERGY PRODUCTIVITY UNDER DRIP IRRIGATION
Karshi Steppe/Dryland System
Drip system
Furrowirrigation
Water supply m3/ha 3659 4477
Energy consumption, KwHo/ha 732 1584
Yield of cotton, t/ha 4.5 4
Water productivity, kg/m3 1.23 0.89
Energy productivity, kg/KwHo 6.15 2.53
Energy use intensity, Kwho/m3 0.2 0.35
Cotton production using drip irrigation
Water and energy productivity
* Under well irrigation Source:*IWMI/CRP5
Improved potato varieties and water management technologies to enhance water use efficiency on farm level 2012-2014
IRRIGATION TREATMENTS
NIF – conventional irrigation practices; NIS –irrigation scheduling; HFI – high frequency irrigation; PRD – partial root-zone drying.
COMPARISON OF PERFORMANCE PILOT FARMERS WITH TRADITIONAL FARMERS
(1 USD = 2409,67 Uzbek Sum), 2014
Partial root drying and high frequency irrigation methods in potato fields showed positive results in terms of water saving and crop yield
improvement.
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
Pilot farmer in Andijan Pilot farmer in Ferghana Traditional FerghanaProvince potato farmers
USD
Yield Gross Income Profit
Source: IWMI
REDUCING NON-BENEFICIAL LOSSESShifting Evaporation into Transpiration. Demo site of winter wheat/ Mung bean in K. Umarov WUA, Fergana province, Uzbekistan
Source: *IWMI/AVRDC/CRP 1.1
First crop Yield Second crop Irrigation Application rate Yield WP
t/ha m3/ha t/ha kg/m3
winter wheat 5.6 mung bean Farmer practice 1676 1.54 0.92
winter wheat 6.6 mung bean Cut back irrigation
1193 1.42 1.19
winter wheat 7.6 mung bean Partial root drying
1501 1.65 1.10
Water productivity for winter wheat/mungbean
SALINITY MAPPING OF SYRDARYA PROVINCE OF UZBEKISTAN, FOR (2000-2003) AND (2008-2011)
Source: IWMI 2015
GIS/RS:
APPLICATION OF REMOTE SENSING AND GIS IN WATER MANAGEMENT
Development of Karshi Steppe Irrigation Crop locations and Land Use
Tasks that can be solved using the RS-GIS: Evaluating the effectiveness of measures Evaluation of water productivity Assessment of water resources and their
use, as well as the introduction of innovative technologies
Source: IWMI
www.iwmi.orgWater for a food-secure world
RECLAIMING SALT-AFFECTED LOW PRODUCTIVE SOILS BY CULTIVATING LICORICE
1999-2004 2005 – 2009
Incentive Technology Access to resources Access to market
Fodders from abandoned land
Roots of Licorice
Reclaiming abandoned landIWMI & GulistanUniversity
Farmer experienceFactory installed at the area to reproduce Licorice roots
Farmer Avezov growingLicorice on 500 ha
Source:*GSU/IWMI/ADB/CRP5
CURRENT ACTIVE PROJECTS
EU Programme “Sustainable mgt of water resources in rural areas of Uzbekistan”
PEER Cycle 4 project “Mitigating the competition for water in Amudarya River basin by improving water use efficiency”PEER Cycle 5 project “Implications of climate change, land use and adaptation interventions on water resources and agricultural production in Transboundary Amu Darya river basin"
GIZ Transboundary Water Programme: QGIS Trainings and Generation of Diagnostic Digital Atlas in GIZ Interventions on Murgab Basin Analysis and Planning
OPPORTUNITIES FOR FUTURE DEVELOPMENTWORK ON IMPROVEMENT TECHNICAL ASPECTS
Shift towards demand based water management; Improvement of water and energy use productivity; Improvement of water scheduling and water accounting using modern technologies; Identification of effective institutional arrangements for water management from basin to field, Work out financial and economic incentives for water saving and water productivity in rural areas as
well as irrigation service fee pricing; Promotion of Water Information System from on-farm up to basin level (IMoMo project experience); GIS and remote sensing techniques to: map salinity and shallow water table, to map seasonal
evaporation and crop water use, and improve regional and system level water balances and water accounting
Prediction of climate change and extreme events
Source: IMoMo project
Photo: Hanspeter Liniger
Upper zone
Middle zone/partZone of transmission
Lower part
DIFFERENT ZONES OF WATERSHED, DIFFERENT REQUIREMENTS FOR WATER AND LAND RESOURCES MANAGEMENT
THANK YOU FOR ATTENTION!
WE LOOK FORWARD FOR COOPERATION!
IWMI-CENTRAL ASIA Office: Address Apt. 123, Bldg. 6, OsiyoStreet, Tashkent 100000, UzbekistanTel: +998 71 237-04-45Fax: +998712370317E-mail: [email protected]@cgiar.org