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TRANSCRIPT
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Slide 1
Chapter 1
Introduction to Emergency Medical Care
Slide 2
Overview
The Emergency Medical Services System National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
Technical Assistance Program
Access to the Emergency Medical Services System
Levels of Education
The Health Care System
Liaison with Other Public Safety Workers
Slide 3
Overview
The Emergency Medical Technician-Basic Roles and Responsibilities
Professional Attributes
Quality Care Quality Improvement
Medical Direction
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Slide 4
The Emergency Medical Services System
Slide 5
The Emergency Medical Services System
A system of: Agencies Personnel Institutions
Involved in
Planning
Providing
Monitoring
Emergency care
Slide 6
The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
Division of the Department of Transportation
Mission To reduce death and disability caused by motor
vehicle collisions on the nation’s highways
Developed a number of programs and initiatives to achieve this mission including the USDOT National Standard Curricula
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Slide 7
The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
Slide 8
The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
Technical assistance program 10 standards to benchmark EMS systems
• Regulation and policy• Resource management• Human resources and training• Transportation• Facilities• Communications• Public information and education• Medical direction• Trauma systems• Evaluation
Slide 9
NHTSA Technical Assistance Program
Regulation and policy Recommends all states have:
• A lead EMS agency
• Funding
• Regulations and operational policies and procedures
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NHTSA Technical Assistance Program
Resource management Allow everyone access to basic emergency medical care
• Treatment by personnel trained at the EMT-Basic level
• Patients to be transported in a well-equipped vehicle
• Transported to a staffed, equipped, and prepared receiving facility
• Initial educational programs EMT-Basics
Advanced providers
Continuing education
Slide 11
NHTSA Technical Assistance Program
Transportation Safe and effective
transportation for all patients
Ambulances and air medical units must meet minimum criteria and be inspected periodically
All aspects of the state EMS system must be in a constant mode of readiness
Slide 12
NHTSA Technical Assistance Program
Facilities Patients are transported to the
closest appropriate facility
Prehospital care providers understand the hospitals' capabilities
This includes specialty facilities• Trauma centers
• Burn centers
• Children’s hospitals
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Slide 13
NHTSA Technical Assistance Program
Communications Patients can call for emergency
care
Emergency personnel can communicate effectively with the receiving hospital and other EMS personnel
Slide 14
NHTSA Technical Assistance Program
Public information and education Promote the public’s involvement in the EMS
system
Injury prevention programs
Slide 15
NHTSA Technical Assistance Program
Medical direction Medical direction standards
help ensure that physicians stay involved in the patient care system
• Developing protocols or patient care guidelines
• Providing medical direction and consultation
• Evaluating patient care activities and quality improvement
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Slide 16
NHTSA Technical Assistance Program
Statewide trauma care systems Designated trauma centers
Trauma triage guidelines
Data collection
Trauma registry definitions
System management
Quality assurance
Slide 17
NHTSA Technical Assistance Program
Evaluation Evaluates the effectiveness of patient care
The EMS system can continue to improve the quality of patient care delivered
Slide 18
Access to the EMS System
9-1-1
Non–9-1-1
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Slide 19
Access to the EMS System
EMS providers should teach the public how to access the EMS system
Slide 20
Levels of Education
NHTSA has developed standardized curricula recognizing four levels of EMS provider First Responder
EMT-Basic
EMT-Intermediate
EMT-Paramedic
Not every level is recognized in every state
Slide 21
First Responder
Designed for: Law enforcement
Firefighters
Persons likely to encounter an ill or injured person
Not trained for ambulance service
Provide initial stabilization until additional EMS resources arrive
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Slide 22
EMT-Basic
Prepares personnel to provide primary medical care before the patient reaches the hospital
Most states require the EMT-Basic as the minimum accepted education level for ambulance staff
Slide 23
EMT-Intermediate
The EMT-Intermediate level is an advanced EMT level
Includes All skills of an EMT-Basic
Advanced skills • Manual defibrillation
• Administration of intravenous fluids and some medications
Slide 24
Paramedic
Currently the highest skill level
Includes All of the skills of an EMT-Basic
All of the skills of an EMT-Intermediate
Advanced techniques • Tracheal intubation
• Administration of additional medications
• Additional knowledge of the human body
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Slide 25
The Health Care System
EMS is an essential part of the healthcare system in the United States
Slide 26
The Health Care System
Hospitals and specialty facilities
Trauma centers
Burn centers
Poison centers
Children’s hospitals
Slide 27
The Health Care System
Health care professionals Physicians
Nurses
Allied health providers
EMS providers
Support personnel
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Slide 28
Liaison with Other Public Safety Personnel
Slide 29
Roles and Responsibilities
Personal safety
Safety of the crew, patient, and bystanders
Patient assessment
Patient care based on assessment
Slide 30
Roles and Responsibilities
Lifting and moving patients safely
Transport and transfer of care
Record-keeping and data collection
Patient advocacy (patient rights)
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Slide 31
Professional Attributes
Appearance
Attitude
Knowledge and skills
Makes patient’s needs a priority
Knowledge of issues
Continuing education
Slide 32
EMTs have an obligation to be
knowledgeable and provide technically
proficient care
Slide 33
Continuing Education
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Slide 34
Quality Improvement
Quality improvement (QI) A system for continually evaluating and improving
the care provided within an EMS system • Quality assurance
• Quality management
Slide 35
Quality Improvement
Provides the EMT with: Resources
Motivation
Education
Purpose: Detect problems
Create solutions
Maintain quality care
Slide 36
Medical Direction
Medical direction Sometimes called medical control
The process by which physicians monitor the care given by EMT-Basics to ill or injured patients
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Slide 37
Medical Direction
Online Direct medical direction
• Also referred to as online medical control
• Direct communication between the physician and the provider in the field
Slide 38
Medical Direction
Offline Indirect medical
direction, or off-line medical control
Consists of other ways physicians influence care
• EMS system design• Developing protocols
and standing orders• Providing initial and
continuing education• Participating in quality
improvement
Slide 39
Summary
The Emergency Medical Services System National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
Technical Assistance Program
Access to the Emergency Medical Services System
Levels of Education
The Health Care System
Liaison with Other Public Safety Workers
Copyright © 2013 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company
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Slide 40
Summary
The Emergency Medical Technician-Basic Roles and Responsibilities
Professional Attributes
Quality Care Quality Improvement
Medical Direction
Copyright © 2013 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company