overactive thyroid

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Overactive Thyroid (Hyperthyroidism) Yo ur thyroid gland is located in the front of your neck. Hormones released by the thyroid affect nearly every part of your body from your brain to your skin and muscles. They play a crucial role in controlling how your body uses energy, a process called metabolism. This includes how your heart beats and even how you burn calories. Wo men are five to 10 times more likely to develop hyperthyroidism than men. Thyroid Hormone Regulation – The Chain of Command The thyroid itself is regulated by another gland located in the brain, called the pituitary. n turn, the pituitary is regulated in part by thyroid hormone that is circulating in the blood !a "feedback" effect of thyroid hormone on the pituitary gland# and in part by another gland called the hypothalamus, also a part of the brain. The hypothalamus releases a hormone called thyrotropin releasing hormone !T$H#, which sends a signal to the pituitary to release thyroid stimulating hormone !T%H#. n turn, T%H sends a signal to the thyroid to release thyroid hormones. f overactivity of any of these three glands occurs, an e&cessive amount of thyroid hormones can be produced, thereby resulting in hyperthyroidism. The rate of thyroid hormone production is controlled by the pituitary gland. f there is an insufficient amount of thyroid hormone circulating in the body to allow for normal functioning, the release of T%H is increased by the pituitary in an attempt to stimulate the thyroid to produce more thyroid hormone. n contrast, when there is an e&cessive amount of circulating thyroid hormone, the release of T%H is reduced as the pituitary attempts to decrease the production of thyroid hormone.

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