Our Current Plan for PED 我们目前的PED防控计划 Deborah Murray DVM New Fashion Pork Jackson MN, USA

Our Company我们公司 • New Fashion Pork 名称：New Fashion Pork • 60,000 sows 拥有6万头母猪 • Market 1.2 million pigs annually 每年提供120万商品猪 • Locations in Minnesota, Iowa, South Dakota, Wyoming,

Indiana, Illinois, and Wisconsin

• 分公司位于明尼苏达州、爱荷华州、南卡莱罗纳州、怀俄明州、印第安纳州、伊利诺伊州和威斯康星州

• Owner member of Triumph Foods • “Triumph”食品公司的拥有者之一 • You may recognize our pork as Prairie Fresh • 我们猪肉产品的特色是让人觉得大草原的清新

History of PED for Us 我们公司PED发生的历史 • Our first positive site was on 5-23-2013我们公司下面一个猪场最先爆发PED的

时间是2013年5月23日 • Wean to finish site 断奶到育成的地方 • All other company sites negative at this time 这个时候公司其他的地方都没有PED

• In a little over a week this, increased to 11 positive sites这之后的一周多一点的时间，PED阳性地方增加到11个

• All wean to finish or finisher sites所有的断奶到育成地方或育完地方

• By 6-7-13 this increased to 16 PED positive sites到2016年6月7日的时候，已经有16个PED阳性的地方

• All wean to finish or finisher sites所有的断奶到育成地方或育完地方

• We have to change what we’re doing or our number of positive sites will continue to grow!

• 我们需要改变我们的常规做法，否者阳性地方的数量会继续上升！

Biosecurity before之前的生物安全 • Trucker was allowed in the chute when loading.当装载的时候允许卡车司机在斜槽。

• Grower also was allowed in the chute.种植者也被允许在斜槽。 • NO clean dirty line was present.没有净脏分界线。 • Boot baths were present at the site but only at the entry and not present

for every barn door.只在入口的地方有洗靴槽，但是在每个猪舍的门口却没有。

• Trailers were not washed when returning to sites from the processing plant.从加工厂还回来的拖车没有清洗。

• Although boot baths were present in the entry way of sites and a clean dirty line was present, no physical bench or obstacle was there so many times compliance was an issue. 尽管每个位点的入口都有洗靴槽 以及净脏分界线， 但是没有物理性台子或障碍物， 因此很多时候守规矩就是个问题。

Biosecurity before and after 之前和之后的生物安全 • Biosecurity changes implemented on June 13th • 6月13日实施了改进的生物安全措施

• 1 site break on 6-18-13 一个地方在2013年6月18日爆发

• No other site breaks until November 2013 • 直到2013年11月前其他地方没有爆发

Biosecurity after之后的生物安全 • New biosecurity for finishing sites育成地方的新生物安全

• Trucker was NOT allowed in the chute when loading (must enter/exit the truck from the rear door)当装载的时候不允许卡车司机在斜槽（必须从后门进出卡车）

• Truckers are required to wear boot covers when outside the truck要求卡车司机下车的时候穿上靴套

• The clean dirty line became where the trailer meets the chute • 拖车接近斜槽的时候，有净脏分界线 • Boot baths placed at the site entry and in every individual barn在每个独立的猪舍的门口都有洗靴槽

• Trucks were washed when returning to sites from the plant, rear wash involving the back ¼ of the truck or entire bottom deck washed从加工厂回来的卡车被清洗，后面清洗包含卡车后面¼的清洗或全部的底甲板

• A bench was added to all entryways of the sites to further increase compliance observing clean/dirty line 每个入口的位置都增加了工作台从而更好的让人们遵从净脏分界线

History of PED for Us 我们公司PED发生的历史

• November 2013 first sow farm PED break • 2013年11月PED首先在一个母猪场爆发

• Sow farm was concurrently going through a PRRSV break • 母猪场同时也正在爆发PRRSV

PED on the sow farm母猪场的PED • Farrowing broke first 在产房首先爆发

• Confirmed at the diagnostic lab with in 1 week of index case指示病例爆发后的一周在诊断实验室确诊

• Fed back entire sow farm once PED was confirmed一旦确诊为PED，马上反馈给整个母猪场

• Feed back at a rate of 2 intestines per 100 sows with an assumed 17ct on intestines 对于每100头母猪返饲2条PEDV含量很高的小肠（实时荧光定量PCR检测CT值为17）

• Also added Neomycin to feed back due to known salmonella on the farm, in an attempt to reduce salmonella shedding along with PED

• 返饲时也加入新霉素因为猪场存在沙门氏菌，目的是减少沙门氏菌伴随PED排毒

• Added Vitamin D to all sows to boost immune system and replace losses due to PED

• 给所有的母猪加入维生素D来增强她们的免疫系统以及补充PED造成的损失

PED on the sow farm母猪场的PED • Also gave Aspirin to all sows for sow comfort为了让母猪舒适也给所有母猪服用阿司匹林

• We marked all sows with no clinical signs, and also marked sows off feed but did not vomit/have diarrhea我们标记所有的无临床症状的母猪，同时标记所有食欲废绝但是没有呕吐或腹泻症状的母猪

• All piglets 10 days of age or greater were weaned off the farm对该场所有10日龄或更大的仔猪断奶

• Fed back a second time 6 days after the initial feedback最开始返饲后的6天进行第二次的返饲

• Off site GDU was fed back as well远离这一地方的后备母猪驯化诱情舍也进行返饲

Clinical signs 24 hours after feedback返饲后24h的临床症状 • Less than 25% of all sows had any clinical sign (vomiting, diarrhea, off feed) in

early to mid gestation在怀孕期的初期到中期少于25%母猪有任何临床症状（呕吐、腹泻和食欲废绝）

• Prior to feedback 12% of sows in farrowing had loose stools this increased to 18% 返饲前12%产房的母猪排稀粪，现在这一数字增加到18%

• 1.2% of sows in farrowing were vomiting 1.2%产房的母猪呕吐

• >75% of farrowing sows were off feed >75%的产房的母猪食欲废绝

• 1.5% of sows pre-farrow had a loose stool 1.5%分娩前母猪排稀粪

• Due to lack of appetite feed was reduced in farrowing to 1-2lb/head/day因为缺乏食欲 ，产房每头母猪每天的饲料量下降到1-2镑

• Aspirin and Neo was continued for all sows 继续对所有的母猪使用阿司匹林和新霉素

• All new piglets born are scouring and only surviving a short time 所有新生仔猪都腹泻只能存活很短的时间

Clinical signs 48 hours after feedback返饲后48h的临床症状 • Early to mid gestation clinical signs increased with 10% more affected

(35% now affected)在怀孕期的初期到中期，增加了10%受影响的猪只（现在是35%受影响）

• Clinical signs of vomiting 25% of sows in farrowing and 50% of sows in farrowing had loose stools 25%的产房母猪出现呕吐和50%的产房母猪腹泻

• Continued lack of appetite so feeding was continued at 1-2lb/head/day. If sows were hungry a second feeding was implemented but there were very few that were fed a second time 继续缺乏食欲 ，产房每头母猪每天的饲料量依然是1-2镑。如果母猪饥饿就要实施第二次饲喂，但是只有很少的进行第二次饲喂。

• Aspirin and Neomycin was continued for all sows 对所有的母猪继续使用阿司匹林和新霉素

• Began euthanizing all piglets at birth and continued to 13 days post feedback

• 返饲后开始，对返饲后13天内所有的仔猪实施安乐死

Clinical signs 4 days after feedback 返饲后4天的临床症状 • 75% of farrowing now has loose stools 75%的母猪排稀粪 • Vomiting in farrowing has not increased 产房的呕吐情况没有增加

• Pre-farrow sows with loose stools has increased dramatically to 50% 产前母猪排稀粪率急剧上升达到50%

• The appetites have come back for the sows in farrowing with only 1-2% still off/reduced feed intake 产房母猪的食欲恢复，只有1-2%还是食欲废绝或减少饲料摄入

7 days after feedback 返饲后7天的临床症状 • Implemented white glove cleaning of all farrowing rooms使用白手套清理所有

的产房房间 • Washed rooms 2-3 times with hot water wash使用热水清洗房间2-3次 • Rooms inspected by manager and found to be free of all organic matter • 经理对房间进行检查而且房间应该是没有任何有机物 • Rooms disinfected and allowed to completely dry for 24 hours before

loading • 房间消完毒，要在转入猪群前进行24h的彻底的干燥

• Boot baths were used in the doorway of each farrowing room at all times 所有的时间在每个产房房间都要使用洗靴槽

• All animals without clinical signs were fed back a second time 所有没有临床症状的动物都进行第二次返饲

• Original feedback material that had been saved back was used 使用之前保存的返饲的材料进行第二次返饲

• Same rate as first feedback of 2 intestines/100 sows 返饲的量和第一次的一样，每100头母猪使用2个小肠

Samples taken on day 7 after initial feedback (and prior to second feedback)第一次返饲后的7天（第二次返饲前）采样

• Stools from two loose sows, stools from three off feed sows (no loose

stool) and stools from three sows which had no symptoms 来自两头排稀粪母猪的样品，来自三头食欲废绝但是不排稀粪的母猪的样品和来自三头无症状母猪的样品

• Cycle times ranged from 16-20 on all samples taken including sows with no clinical signs 包括没有症状的母猪的样品，所有样品的定量检测的CT值范围是16-20（表明强阳性）

• What did this tell us? NO need to feed back a second time as all animals were infected and shedding 这些告诉我们什么？不需要进行第二次返饲，因为所有动物都被感染并且排毒

What were our losses due to this break? 这次爆发我们损失了什么？

Week of星期

Piglets born 仔猪出生数

Piglets weaned 断奶仔猪数

PWM 仔猪断奶后多系统衰竭综合征

Nursery barn 育肥舍

Nursery Mortality 育肥死亡率

12-Oct-13 1147 902 21% tres 12 11.2% 19-Oct-13 1335 1150 14% dos 5 10% 26-Oct-13 1260 980 22% dos 6 7.4%

2-Nov-13 1145 902 21% dos 7

17.9% 9-Nov-13 1507 1376 9% Dos 8 20.5%

16-Nov-13 1242 128 90% 23-Nov-13 1495 100% 30-Nov-13 1161 100%

7-Dec-13 1180 116 90% 14-Dec-13 1784 1411 21% Tres 9 1.9% 21-Dec-13 1376 991 28% Tres 10 2.9% 28-Dec-13 1251 997 20% Tres 11 1.5%

These were the young pigs (down to 10 days of age) weaned at the break. 2406 total 这次爆发对2406头青年猪（包括10日龄的）断奶

Other losses 其他损失 • There is a secondary loss of production due to the missed breeds. This loss will come 22 weeks post

initial infection. 因为错过配种会对生产造成二次损失。这一损失在初次感染后的22周显现。

• Both sow farms have missed their breed targets by 40% for 2 weeks. 两个猪场都错过了他们两周后40%返情的繁殖计划。

• There has also been an increase in abortions in the sows 2-3 weeks pregnant at the time of infection. 使那些感染时怀孕2-3周的母猪的流产提高

• Overall pigs weaned down to 10 days of age had about double the mortality of prior groups 与之前的猪群相比，断奶日龄只有10日龄的仔猪的死亡率翻倍

• New groups being weaned look very good once piglets survived post break 在PED爆发后存活的仔猪，断奶后新的猪群看起来很好

• This occurred about 13 days post break 这大约在爆发后13天发生

• Continue to see a low grade scour in farrowing due to rota/e.coli 产房还是持续可见由于轮状病毒或大肠杆菌引起的低等级的腹泻

• Additional costs include sow farm neo pulse (5 days), Aspirin, and Vit D 其他的成本包括母猪场新霉素的使用、阿司匹林和维生素D

• Additional labor for nursery to gruel every 2 hours and additional gruel feed and stage 1 feed in the nurseries 每隔2h饲喂稀食的劳力和增加的稀食和饲喂的第一阶段的饲料

Overall总结 • Success 成功

• 4 weeks of lost production 损失生产4周 • Stabilized sow farm for PRRSV in the process 在这过程中稳定猪场的PRRSV

• Due to increased biosecurity and sanitation因为生物安全和卫生条件变好

• De-population of farrowing house 产房猪群的减少 • Can we improve further? 我们如何能更进一步的提高？ • Can we save pigs sooner? 我们如何能更快的拯救猪只？ • Do we need the viral load that high?我们需要病毒的载量达到那么高？

Other questions? 其他的问题？

• Does sow parity influence piglet survival and clinical signs? 母猪的胎次会对仔猪的存活和临床症状造成影响吗？

• Do clinical signs of sows influence piglet survival? • 母猪的临床症状会对仔猪的存活造成影响吗？

2nd Sow farm break-fed back once with 1 intestine per 100 sows, weaned down to 8 days of age 第二个母猪场的爆发，每100头母猪用一个小肠返饲一次，8日龄断奶

• Piglet clinical signs post feedback by parity—no parity influence 不同胎次母猪生的仔猪在返饲后的临床症状-胎次间没有差异

• Piglet clinical signs by sow clinical signs—Litters with sows which were off feed and loose tended to scour less 仔猪的和母猪的临床症状-仔猪在母猪食欲废绝和排稀粪的猪栏中的发生腹泻的少

P1 P2 P3 P4 P5 P6 P7

14 26 18 10 19 8 2

of Sows with Litters of signs with scour有腹泻症状猪窝母猪

Clinical signs of the sows after feedback No Signs Off Feed Off Feed - Loose41 61 4

% 38.67925 57.54717 3.773585Litters with signs of Scour

Litter survival post break爆发后猪仔的存活情况

2030405060708090

100110

433 434 435 436 437 438 439 440 441 442

Perc

ent S

urvi

val

Farrow Date

% Survival

Farrow Date Litters Survived Litters Due % Survival Current litter age in days

Days postfeedback

433 16 31 51.6 10 12434 23 40 57.56 9 13435 30 41 73 8 14436 21 29 72.4 7 15437 26 27 96.3 6 16438 38 49 77.6 5 17439 52 54 96.3 4 18440 37 41 90 3 19441 25 26 96.6 2 20442 31 32 96.6 1 21

• Saved approximately 50% of litters

12 days post feedback 返饲后12天拯救了将近50%的猪仔

Other biosecurity changes其他生物安全变化

• Added UV light boxes to farm entry 在猪场的入口处增加紫外灯箱

• Sanitize lunches and any maintenance equipment brought into the farm that can not be fumigated

• 对不能熏蒸消毒的带入猪场的午餐和其他任何维修设备进行净化

• All supplies are fumigated that can be with complete dry prior to sow farm entry 在进入母猪场前，所有的日常用品进行熏蒸和完全干燥

• All cull trucks are bio-washed prior to arrival to the sow farm 所有用于淘汰猪的卡车在到达母猪场前都需要进行生物消毒清洗

• Inspected prior to loading装载前进行检查

Trailer Inspections拖车检查

Subsequent PED sow farm breaks 后续的母猪场PED的爆发 • We further reduced viral load fed back to sows—Do we want to expose the sows

or cause extreme morbidity??? We only want to expose.我们进一步的减少返饲母猪时病毒的载量--我们想让母猪接触病毒还是让病毒引起极度高的死亡率？？？ 我们只想要前者。

• Began with fecal material feedback only最开始只用粪便材料进行返饲 • Eliminated tissue feedback 消除组织返饲

• Further diluted material down to approximately 200 viral particles per sow 进一步稀释物质到大约200个病毒粒子每头母猪的量

• Based on testing feedback prior to administration 依据返饲测试指导服用 • This was equivalent to using about 5ml of fecal material for feedback of a

3000 head sow farm 这相当于在一个拥有3000头母猪的猪场使用5mL的粪物质返饲

• Continued Vitamin D supplementation as well as Neomycin treatment to sows on salmonella positive farms 持续维生素D的供应，同时使用新霉素对于沙门氏菌阳性场进行治疗

Subsequent PED sow farm breaks后续的母猪场PED的爆发 • Continue to wean down pigs 继续在低日龄将小猪断奶

• Decreased age to 8 days to save more pigs 将断奶日龄降到8，从而拯救更多的猪只

• Improved feed quality with higher lactose to wean down pigs 对于低日龄断奶的仔猪，提高他们饲料的品质，使它们饲料乳糖含量提高

• Increased gruel feeding to 6-8 times daily 提高稀食饲喂的频率，达到每天6-8次

• Extended Vitamin D treatment to 16 days post placement to replace losses with scour 延长维生素D的治疗到安置后16天，从而补充由于腹泻造成的损失

• Supplement pigs with rolled oats to slow gut transit and reduce E.coli/salmonella secondary pathogens due to change in gut microflora

• 给母猪提供燕麦片来减缓肠胃的蠕动和减少因为胃肠道生物群落改变而发生的次级病原，比如大肠杆菌/沙门氏菌

Current Plan-Elimination of PED 现在的PED消除计划 • Always elimination 总是消除

• Any farm that is infected we want to eliminate the virus as quickly as possible 我们想尽快的消除任何感染猪场的病毒

• Planning and preparation 计划和准备 • Depopulation of PED positive nurseries, wean to finish barns, and finishers PED • 降低PED阳性猪群中猪只的数量，将断奶猪只转移到育成舍和育完舍 • Wash inspection mandatory by supervisor of the site 现场主管进行强制性的清洗

检查 • White wash of these sites in addition to normal synergize wash 除了常规的消毒清

洗还需要进行白石灰清洗 • No equipment or materials are allowed to be transferred from site to site 不允许设

备或物质在不同地方交叉转移 • Once site is refilled with negative/naive pigs it is still considered at risk until new pigs

remain free of clinical signs for a two week period from last pigs placed in the site • 一旦一个地方重新引入阴性仔猪，这一地方还是被认为处于风险中，直到猪群

进入该位点已经2周了而且新猪群还是没有临床症状才被认为安全

• Any site suspect for PED is tested to determine status 任何被怀疑有PED的地方都需要进行检测来确定感染状况

White washing白石灰清洗消毒 • This has been a key factor in site clean up as well as sow farm sanitation in

farrowing 这对于猪舍清洁以及产房的卫生都是十分关键点的

• Provides a physical barrier for cracks/crevices that PED can survive 对于PEDV可以存活的裂纹/裂缝运用物理屏障进行分隔

• Very caustic 需要十分注意的 • Personal protective equipment must be used when applying • 使用人员操作时必须穿戴保护设备 • Must be allowed to completely dry prior to pig placement • 转入猪之前必须确保完全干燥

• PH of ≥ 13 does not allow viral survival 病毒不能在pH值≥ 13的环境中生活

• Can visually see all areas sanitized 从视觉上可以看到所有的区域都已经消毒

White Washing goes up to pig level 白石灰消毒清洗需要达到猪的高度水平

Missed Areas遗漏的区域

Final Product最后的生产情况

Questions? 谢谢！ 请您提问。