ottoman empire. enduring understanding islamic civilization grew as it interacted with pre-existing...
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Ottoman Empire
Enduring Understanding
• Islamic civilization grew as it interacted with pre-existing civilizations through trade, conquest and Islam’s centralized message. It became a dominant force in parts of Asia, Africa and Europe. Its influence is still present in those areas.
Rise of Empire
• Turkish state made up of Anatolia, parts of Southwest Asia, North Africa, and South-eastern Europe
• 14th- 20th century
Ottoman Empire
• The empire was founded by Osman I in 1281
• The leaders that followed took the title of Sultan
Suleiman I
• The height of the empire’s power came under Suleiman I • 1520-1560• He is considered one of
the greatest Islamic rulers in history
Suleiman I
• Under his power the empire expanded its borders from the Persian Gulf to Hungary and Egypt to the Caucasus
• It was his policy to assist any Muslim country threatened by European expansion• His military was so advanced that most
European nations were left in total fear
Suleiman I • Was a tolerant conqueror
• He absorbed some of the culture of the people they took over
• Most of the Churches were left intact and only a few turned in mosques
• Ended government corruption and was a patron of the arts
• Nicknamed the lawgiver • Because he ordered the entire Ottoman law
system overhauled
• Even with his advances the empire could not survive after his death
Ottoman Architecture
Hagia Sophia
Hagia Sophia
• Started as a church • Was built by
Constantius in Constantinople
• In 532 was burned down• Rebuilt by the Emperor
Justinian from 532-537
Hagia Sophia
• Considered a masterpiece of Byzantine architecture
• Decorated with • Marble & Mosaics
Hagia Sophia
• 1453: Ottomans conquered Constantinople. The Hagia Sophia was turned into a mosque
• The mosaics and all signs of Christianity were plastered over
The Blue Mosque
The Blue Mosque
• Sultan Ahmed Mosque• Built from 1609-1616 • Architect : Mehmed Aga • Faces the Hagia Sophia to show that
Ottoman architects & builders could rival Christians
• Given its name because of the dome and color of the paintwork inside
Blue Mosque
• It is the only mosque in Turkey with 6 minarets
• Main building is a square• Dome: 77ft in
diameter & 140ft high
• 260 windows
Suleymaniye Mosque
• Second largest mosque in Istanbul
• Built from 1550-57 • Architect: Sinan • Suleiman & his wife
are buried there
OTTOMANS• Topkapi Palace
• located in Istanbul, was the administrative center of the Ottoman Empire from 1465 to 1853.
• Primary residence of the Ottoman Sultans for approximately 400 years (1465-1856)
• Construction began in 1459, ordered by Sultan Mehmed II, the conqueror of Byzantine Constantinople.
• The palace contained mosques,
a hospital, bakeries, and a mint.
Topkapi Palace
Sultan Mehmed II ordered its construction in 1459
Topkapi Palace
Ottoman Art
• The first examples of Turkish-Ottoman paintings come from the period of Sultan Mehmet II (1451-1481), who was a great patron of the arts as well as a military genius.
• It was during the reign of Suleiman the Magnificent (1520 - 1566) that Ottoman miniature painting developed its identifiable style.• The Ottoman tradition of painting miniatures, to illustrate
manuscripts or used in dedicated album went back to the Persians.
• This was the style of an empire which was the influenced by Turkoman, Persian and western art.
OTTOMANS
• OTTOMAN ART:
Ottoman Art