osiris-rex
TRANSCRIPT
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OSIRIS-REx
Quirijn Frederix
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Table of contents
• Introduction
• Mission objectives
• Why Bennu?
• Previous research
• Instrumentation
• Conclusion
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Table of contents
• Introduction
• Mission objectives
• Why Bennu?
• Previous research
• Instrumentation
• Conclusion
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Introduction
• “Origins Spectral Interpretation Resource Identification Security Regolith Explorer”
Bennu
OSIRIS-REx
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Table of contents
• Introduction
• Mission objectives
• Why Bennu?
• Previous research
• Instrumentation
• Conclusion
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Mission objectivesWhere did life and the oceans on earth originate from?• Return and analyze a sample of pristine carbonaceous asteroid
regolith in an amount sufficient to study the nature, history, and distribution of its constituent minerals and organic material.
• Map the global properties, chemistry, and mineralogy of a primitive carbonaceous asteroid to characterize its geologic and dynamic history and provide context for the returned samples.
• Document the texture, morphology, geochemistry, and spectral properties of the regolith at the sampling site in situ at scales down to the submillimeter.
• Measure the Yarkovsky effect on a potentially hazardous asteroid and constrain the asteroid properties that contribute to this effect.
• Characterize the integrated global properties of a primitive carbonaceous asteroid to allow for direct comparison with ground-based telescopic data of the entire asteroid population.
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Table of contents
• Introduction
• Mission objectives
• Why Bennu?
• Previous research
• Instrumentation
• Conclusion
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Why Bennu?
• “Near-Earth Asteroid”
• Perihelion = 0.897AU, Aphelion = 1.356AU
• Inclination = 6.035°
• B-type asteroid; Organic compounds and water
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Bennu
5 Carbonaceous
26 Large enough (>200m)
1,000 Optimal orbits
>10,000 Near Earth Asteroids
>600,000 Asteroids in the solar system
Why Bennu?
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Bennu
5 Carbonaceous
26 Large enough (>200m)
1,000 Optimal orbits
>10,000 Near Earth Asteroids
>600,000 Asteroids in the solar system
Why Bennu?
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Bennu
5 Carbonaceous
26 Large enough (>200m)
± 1,000 Optimal orbits
>10,000 Near Earth Asteroids
>600,000 Asteroids in the solar system
Why Bennu?
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Bennu
5 Carbonaceous
26 Large enough (>200m)
± 1,000 Optimal orbits
>10,000 Near Earth Asteroids
>600,000 Asteroids in the solar system
Why Bennu?
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Bennu
5 Carbonaceous
26 Large enough (>200m)
± 1,000 Optimal orbits
>10,000 Near Earth Asteroids
>600,000 Asteroids in the solar system
Why Bennu?
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Bennu
5 Carbonaceous
26 Large enough (>200m)
± 1,000 Optimal orbits
>10,000 Near Earth Asteroids
>600,000 Asteroids in the solar system
Why Bennu?
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Table of contents
• Introduction
• Mission objectives
• Why Bennu?
• Previous research
• Instrumentation
• Conclusion
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Yarkovsky effect
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Observations of Bennu
• Hershel, Spitzer, VLT/VISIR
• Thermal inertia: 310 J/m²/s^0.5/Ko Tells a lot about particle size, rock abundance, bedrock outcropping
• Albedo: 0.045o Low value: primitive composition, organic compounds
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Similar missions
• Galileo and NEAR Shoemakero help understand characteristics of asteroids in general, their
relationship to meteorites and comets, and conditions in the early solar system
• Hayabusa: Sample and return of 25143 Itokawao Returned <4,000 dust samples in 2013o S-type asteroid; iron- and magnesium-silicateso Thermal inertia ↔ regolith o Minerealogy and chemistry identical to LL chondrite meteorites
• Several insights used on OSIRIS-REx
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Table of contents
• Introduction
• Mission objectives
• Why Bennu?
• Previous research
• Instrumentation
• Conclusion
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OSIRIS-REx Laser Altimeter (OLA)
• LIDAR
• 3D map of shape, topography, distribution of boulders and rocks of Bennu with 160M measurements
• CSA work together with MacDonald, Dettwiller and Associates Ltd under a $9M contract
• 2 transmitters used:o High Energy for altitudes of 1 to 7,5kmo Low Energy for altitudes of 500m to 1km
• CSA receives 4% of sample in return
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OSIRIS-REx CAMera Suite (OCAMS)
• Developed by University of Arizona
SamCam
MapCam PolyCam
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OSIRIS-REx Thermal Emission Spectrometer (OTES)
• Measures emitted spectrum of wavelengths between 5-50μm with Fourier Transform Spectroscopy
• Determine minerals present and thermal inertia of surface
• Helps in characterizing Yarkovsky effect and selecting sample site
• Built by University of Arizona
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OSIRIS-REx Visible and InfraRed Spectrometer (OVIRS)
• Measurements of spectrum with wavelengths 0.4-4.3μm
• Linear variable filter, 512x512 HgCdTe detector
• Identify volatile and organic-rich regions
• Passively cooled such that Tfocal plane = 105K
• Assembled and tested at Goddard Space Flight Center
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REgolith X-ray Imaging Spectrometer (REXIS)
• Student collaboration experiment between MITs Space Systems Lab and Harvard College Observatory
• Measure X-rays from fluorescence effect of regolith with solar wind
• Map elemental abundance on Bennu
• Resolution better than 50m
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Touch-And-Go Sample Acquisition Mechanism (TAGSAM) and Sample Return Capsule (SRC)
• Collect between 60g and 2kg of regolith
• Contact surface for about 5s
• Annular flow of N2 to fluidize regolith (3 attempts possible)
Sample acquisition armHead of TAGSAM arm
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OSIRIS-REx
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Table of contents
• Introduction
• Mission objectives
• Why Bennu?
• Previous research
• Instrumentation
• Conclusion
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Conclusion
• OSIRIS-Rex will return a sample of asteroid regolith by 2023
• Analysis of the organic compound containing sample will provide vital clues to the origine of life on earth
• Measurements of Bennu’s surface properties and radiation will help us understand the Yarkovsky effect and how it affects its chance of impact on earth
• The mission will undoubtedly unveil many unexpected data and provide information for generations to come
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Raise your hand if you
a question