osha crane standard training for crane operators, … s/eei fall 2010...for crane operators, riggers...

OSHA Crane Standard Training

TT6015

OSHA Crane Standard Training For Crane Operators, Riggers Planners, and Supervisors

TT6015Last updated: September 17, 2010 5:52 PM

Copyright © Duke Energy 2010

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InstructionsWelcome to this Online Training!Instructions

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This Online Training should take approximately 60 minutes to complete.g pp y p

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IntroductionIntroductionOverview and Objectives

New Crane RegulationsNew Crane RegulationsFederal OSHA issued a new Crane Standard on August 9, 2010.Most requirements become effective November, 2010.Certification of crane operators is delayed until November, 2014.

Learning ObjectivesUpon completion of this training, students will understand:1 The types of cranes that are covered by the new regulation

Learning Objectives

1. The types of cranes that are covered by the new regulation.2. Future operator certification requirements.3. New rules for using mobile cranes around power lines.4 New rules for using signal persons during mobile crane 4. New rules for using signal persons during mobile crane

operations.5. New rules for per-shift, monthly, and annual inspection of

mobile cranes and wire ropes.6. New rules for ensuring that ground conditions are adequate.7. New requirements for safety devices and operational aids.8. Revised requirements for lifting personnel with cranes.9. Revised requirements for assembly and disassembly of cranes.10. New requirements for work area control to prevent swing radius

hazards.11 N l k i l f d d l d11. New rules on keeping clear of suspended loads.

Learning Objectives (continued)Upon completion of this training, students will understand:12 What to do when manufacturer procedures are unavailable

Learning Objectives (continued)

12. What to do when manufacturer procedures are unavailable.13. When an operator can leave equipment unattended.14. Tagging out of crane equipment.15 What to do when a storm warning is issued15. What to do when a storm warning is issued.16. Rules for compliance with rated capacity.17. Rules for traveling with a load.18 Rules for counterweights18. Rules for counterweights.19. Employee’s authority to stop operation.20. Fall protection on mobile cranes.21 Boom free fall prohibitions21. Boom free fall prohibitions.

Cranes Covered by the StandardCranes Covered by the StandardIncluded and Excluded Equipment

Included EquipmentThe regulation applies to power-operated equipment used in construction that can hoist lower and horizontally move a

Included Equipment

construction that can hoist, lower, and horizontally move a suspended load. Such equipment includes, but is not limited to:

Articulating cranes such as knuckle boom cranes;Crawler cranes;Floating cranesCranes on barges;Locomotive cranes;Mobile cranes (such as wheel-mounted, rough-terrain, all-terrain, commercial truck-mounted and boom truck cranes);Multi-purpose machines when configured to hoist and lower (by means of a winch or hook) and horizontally move a (by means of a winch or hook) and horizontally move a suspended load. Such as Powered Industrial Trucks.Industrial cranes (such as carry-deck cranes);Dedicated pile drivers;p

Included Equipment (continued)The regulation applies to power-operated equipment used in construction that can hoist, lower and horizontally move a suspended load Such equipment includes but is not

Included Equipment (continued)

lower, and horizontally move a suspended load. Such equipment includes, but is not limited to:

Service/mechanic trucks with a hoisting device;Tower cranes;Pedestal cranes;Portal cranes;Straddle cranes;Side boom cranes;Derricks;Variations of such equipment.Overhead bridge and gantry cranes which are NOT permanently installed.Digger derricks are EXCLUDED when used for work related to power poles ---INCLUDED for work not related to poles (for instance towers & substations, setting pad mount transformers)pad mount transformers).

Excluded EquipmentThe regulation does not cover:

Machinery listed above as “included” if it has been converted or

Excluded Equipment

Machinery listed above as “included” if it has been converted or adapted for non-hoisting/lifting use. This includes power shovels, excavators and concrete pumps.Power shovels, excavators, wheel loaders, backhoes, loader backhoes, track loaders. Also excluded when used with chains, slings or other rigging to lift suspended loads.Automotive wreckers and tow trucks.Digger derricks when used for auguring holes for poles carrying Digger derricks when used for auguring holes for poles carrying electric and telecommunication lines, placing and removing the poles, and for handling associated materials to be installed on or removed from the poles.Vehicle mounted aerial devices for lifting personnel and self-propelled elevating work platforms (JLGs, bucket trucks)Telescopic/hydraulic gantry systems.Stacker cranesStacker cranes.

Excluded Equipment (continued 1)The regulation does not cover:

Fork lifts except when configured to hoist and lower (by

Excluded Equipment (continued 1)

Fork lifts except when configured to hoist and lower (by means of a winch or hook) and horizontally move a suspended load.Mechanic’s truck with a hoisting device when used in activities related to equipment maintenance and repair.Machinery that hoists by using a come-a-long or chain fall.Dedicated drilling rigs.Gin poles used for erection of communication towers.Tree trimming and tree removal.Anchor handling or dredge related operations with a vessel or barge using an affixed A-framebarge using an affixed A-frame.Roustabouts.Helicopter cranes.Permanently installed overhead bridge and gantry cranesPermanently installed overhead bridge and gantry cranes.

Excluded Equipment (continued 2)Material Delivery:

Articulating/ knuckle boom truck cranes that deliver material to a construction site when used to transfer

Excluded Equipment (continued 2)

Articulating/ knuckle boom truck cranes that deliver material to a construction site when used to transfer materials from the truck crane to the ground, without arranging the materials in a particular sequence for hoisting.Articulating/ knuckle boom truck cranes that deliver material to a construction site when the crane is used to transfer building supply sheet goods or building supply packaged materials from the truck crane onto a structure, using a fork/cradle at the end of the boom, but only when the truck crane is equipped with a properly functioning automatic overload prevention device. This includes good like sheets of sheet rock, plywood, bags of cement, roofing shingles, etc.The exclusion does not apply when:1. the articulating /knuckle boom crane is used to hold, support or stabilize the material to facilitate a

construction activity such as holding material in place while it is attached to the structure.2 Material being handled is a prefabricated component such as precast concrete panels roof trusses 2. Material being handled is a prefabricated component, such as precast concrete panels, roof trusses,

prefabricated building sections such as floor panels, wall panels, roof panels, etc.3. The material being handled is a structural steel member (steel joists, beams, columns, steel decking or a

component of a systems-engineered metal building.4 The activity is not specifically excluded by (1) and (2) above4. The activity is not specifically excluded by (1) and (2) above.

Digger Derricks Excluded for Pole WorkDigger Derricks – Excluded for Pole WorkThe Standard does not cover:• Digger derricks when used for auguring holes Digger derricks when used for auguring holes

for poles carrying electric and telecommunication lines, placing and removing the poles, and for handling associated materials to be installed on or removed from the polespoles.

So, digger derricks are covered for tasks NOT related to poles:• Setting pad mount transformers.

Off loading some materials• Off loading some materials.• Work involving substations and towers.

Operator CertificationOperator Certification

Operator Qualification & Certification 1926 1427By November, 2014, all Duke Energy employees who operate mobile cranes boom trucks etc will be

Operator Qualification & Certification - 1926.1427

operate mobile cranes, boom trucks, etc. will be required to obtain outside certification for the specific equipment that they operate.

Obtaining certification will require passing a written and practical test. Training to prepare for the tests will be provided by Duke Energy.

After November, 2014, trainees will be allowed to operate only under continuous supervision of a certified operator.

Until November, 2014, all operators must be competent and must be provided with sufficient training.

Power Line SafetyPower Line Safety

Power Line Safety 1926 1407 to 1411Power Line Safety - 1926.1407 to 1411The rules for Power Line Safety apply to:

Mobile cranes, boom trucks, etc. used by employees and contractors at generating plants, commercial facilities, and other installations.Members of the public operating cranes near utility p p g yowned power lines. Includes contractors doing construction, government entities such as Department of Transportation building roads and bridges, installing street lights. etc.

The Power Line Safety rules do not apply to Transmission & Distribution operations.

Equipment Operation 1926 1408Up to 350 kv - Trigger Distance for these actions is 20 feet.Over 350 kv Trigger Distance for these actions is 50 feet

Equipment Operation - 1926.1408

Over 350 kv -- Trigger Distance for these actions is 50 feet.

These are responsibilities of the crane operator employer:Identify the work zone by either: demarcating boundaries and prohibiting the operator from operating past the Identify the work zone by either: demarcating boundaries and prohibiting the operator from operating past the boundaries OR define the work zone as the area 360 degrees around the equipment.Determine if any part of the equipment, load line, or load if operated up to the maximum working radius, could get closer than 20/50 feet to a power line.If any part of crane can get closer than trigger distance (20/50 ft) comply with Option 1, 2, or 3:• Option 1: Confirm from the utility that the lines have been de-energized and visibly grounded at the

worksite.• Option 2: Ensure that no part gets closer than 20/50 feet by implementing the "encroachment prevention Option 2: Ensure that no part gets closer than 20/50 feet by implementing the encroachment prevention

measures". • Option 3: Maintain distances in Table A (old “10 foot rule”). Employer has to determine the line's voltage

by asking the utility owner/operator. Utility has to provide that information within 2 working days of request. If any part could get closer than the Table A distances while operating up to the equipment’s maximum working radius in the work zone, implement the “encroachment prevention measures to ensure that no part does get closer than the Table A distance.

Encroachment Prevention MeasuresIf Options 2 or 3 are selected, all of these “encroachment prevention measures” are required to be implemented by the crane operator employer:

Encroachment Prevention Measures

the crane operator employer:Conduct a planning meeting with the operator and other workers who will be in the area of the equipment or load to review the location of the power line and steps that will be implemented to prevent encroachment/ electrocution.If used, tag lines must be non-conductive.Erect and maintain an elevated warning line, barricade or line of signs in view of the operator, equipped with flags at 20 feet from the power line (if using Option 2 above) or at the Table A distance if using Option 3. If operator is unable to see the elevated warning line, a dedicated spotter must be used.operator is unable to see the elevated warning line, a dedicated spotter must be used.

Encroachment Prevention Measures (continued)In addition to the 3 measures on the previous page, also implement at least one of these measures:

Use a proximity alarm to give the operator sufficient warning to prevent encroachment

Encroachment Prevention Measures (continued)

Use a proximity alarm to give the operator sufficient warning to prevent encroachment.Use dedicated spotter who is in continuous contact with the operator.• Spotter must be equipped with a visual aid to assist in identifying the minimum clearance distance.

Examples include a clearly visible line painted on the ground, a clearly visible line of stanchions, a set of l l i ibl li f i ht l d k ( h f t b hi d th tt d b ildi h d clearly visible line of sight landmarks (such as a fence post behind the spotter and a building corner ahead

of the spotter)• Spotter must be positioned to effectively gauge the clearance distance.• Spotter must use equipment to enable him to communicate directly with the operator if necessary.• Spotter must give timely information to the operator so that the required clearance distance is maintained.Use a device that automatically warns the operator to stop such as arrange control warning device. Such a device must be set up to give the operator sufficient warning to prevent encroachment.U d i th t li it f t t t t h tUse device that limits range of movement, set to prevent encroachment.Use an insulating link/device installed at a point between the end of the load line (or below) and the load.

Operation Below Power LinesOperation Below Power LinesNo part of the crane, load line, or load is allowed below a power line unless the employer has confirmed that the line has been deenergized and visibly grounded.

Training Power Line SafetyTraining – Power Line SafetyEach operator and crew member should understand all of these:

Procedures to be followed in event of electrical contact with a power line. Includes:• information on danger of simultaneously touching the equipment and ground;• importance of staying in the cab;

safest means of evacuating from equipment that may be energized; • safest means of evacuating from equipment that may be energized; • dangers of step potential; • need for crew to avoid touching the equipment and load; • safe clearance distance from power lines.Power lines are presumed to be energized unless the utility confirms that the power line has been and continues to be deenergized and visibly grounded at the work site.Power lines are presumed to be uninsulated unless the utility confirms that a line is i l t dinsulated.Limitations of an insulating link, proximity alarm, and range control device, if used.Procedures to be followed to properly ground and the limitations of grounding.

Spotters must be trained to enable them to effectively perform their task, including training on the requirements of this section..

Table A DistancesTable A Distances

Voltage (nominal kV, AC) Minimum clearance distance (feet)Up to 50 10Over 50 to 200 15Over 200 to 350 20Over 200 to 350 20Over 350 to 500 25Over 500 to 750 35Over 750 to 1000 45Over 1,000 As established by the utility

Closer Than the “10 Foot Rule” 1926 1410Closer Than the 10 Foot Rule - 1926.1410Previously, OSHA did not allow cranes to get closer than the distances shown in Table A. This was known as the “10 foot rule.”The regulation has new rules allowing crane operators to get closer than the “10 foot rule”, but only after completing a very long list of complicated requirementscomplicated requirements.Duke Energy generating stations and commercial facilities will not implement these new rules.All mobile cranes at these locations must continue to stay at least 10 feet away from overhead power to stay at least 10 feet away from overhead power lines.

Traveling Under/Near Power Lines No Load 1926 1411Traveling Under/Near Power Lines –No Load- 1926.1411When travelling under a power line with no load, these are required:

Boom/mast and boom/mast support must be lowered sufficiently to meet the requirements listed below.Clearances in Table T must be maintained.Effect of speed and terrain on equipment movement (including movement of the boom/mast) must be considered so that those effects do not cause the minimum clearance distances in Table T to be breacheddistances in Table T to be breached.If any part of the equipment while traveling will get closer than 20 feet to the power line, a dedicated spotter who is in continuous contact with the driver/operator must be used.• The dedicated spotter must be a qualified

signal person who has passed the written and practical tests for signal persons.

When traveling at night or on conditions of poor i ibilit li t b ill i t d AND visibility, power lines must be illuminated AND a

safe path of travel must be identified and used.

Traveling Under/Near Power Lines No Load 1926 1411Traveling Under/Near Power Lines –No Load- 1926.1411Table T Minimum Clearances While Traveling with No Load

Voltage (Nominal, kV, AC) While traveling – minimum clearance (feet)Up to 0.75 4O 0 75 t 50 6Over 0.75 to 50 6Over 50 to 345 10Over 345 to 750 16Over 750 to 1000 20

InspectionsInspections

InspectionsInspectionsThe new regulation contains new inspection requirements for cranes and wire rope.A competent person must begin a visual inspection prior to each shift the equipment will be used. The inspection must be completed before or during the shift.A t t t f i l A competent person must perform a visual inspection each month that is documented. The inspection record must be retained for 3 months.A qualified person must perform a documented annual inspection Fleet Services will perform the annual inspection. Fleet Services will perform the annual inspections.

Visual InspectionsVisual InspectionsThe pre-shift visual inspection must include these items. Use the monthly documented inspection form as a job aid:

Control mechanisms;Air, hydraulic, and other pressurized lines;Hydraulic system fluid level;y y ;Hooks and latches for deformation, cracks, excessive wear, or damage.Wire rope reeving;Wire rope;Wire rope;Electrical apparatus;Tires;Ground conditions around the equipment for proper support including ground settling under proper support, including ground settling under and around outriggers.Operator cab windows for cracks, breakers or other deficiencies.Safety devices and operational aids for proper Safety devices and operational aids for proper operation. These are discussed later.

Monthly InspectionsMonthly InspectionsInspection form for the monthly inspection is available on the EHS Portal.The content of the monthly inspection is the same as the pre-shift inspection.But once a month, an inspection form must be completed and signed.It must be retained for 3 months.If a documented inspection no older than 30 days is not available on the crane, the operator should complete one.

Wire Rope InspectionsWire Rope InspectionsComplete visual inspection prior to commencement of crane operations during each shift. The inspection shall consist of observation of wire ropes (running and standing) that are reasonably likely to be in use during the shift for apparent deficiencies deficiencies. Untwisting (opening) of wire rope or booming down is not required as part of this inspection.

Inspection FormInspection FormThe inspection form displays categories of Category 1 and 2 deficiencies.Category 3 deficiencies include: • In rotation resistant wire rope, core protrusion

or other distortion indicating core failure.• Electrical contact with a power line.p• A broken strand.

Inspection FormInspection Form

Deficiency CategoriesThese actions are required for each category.Category 1 Deficiencies:

Deficiency Categories

Category 1 Deficiencies:• Operations involving use of the wire rope shall be prohibited if competent person determines that it

constitutes a safety hazard.Category 2 Deficiencies:

• Operations involving use of the wire rope shall be prohibited if the diameter reduction or broken wires exceeds the tables on the inspection form.

Category 3 Deficiencies:• Apparent deficiencies in this category include the following.

In rotation resistant wire rope, core protrusion or other distortion indicating core failure.Electrical contact with a power line.A broken strand.

• Operations involving use of wire rope shall be prohibited until wire rope is replaced • Operations involving use of wire rope shall be prohibited until wire rope is replaced.

Criteria for Wire Rope ReplacementCriteria for Wire Rope Replacement

Signals and Signal Person RequirementsSignals and Signal Person Requirements

Signal PersonSignal PersonSignal persons are required when:• The point of operation (the load travel or the The point of operation (the load travel or the

area near or at load placement) is not in full view of the operator.

• When the equipment is traveling, if the view in the direction of travel is obstructed.

• Due to site specific safety concerns, either the operator or the person handling the load determines that it is necessary.

If a signal person is necessary per any of the above he/she must be qualified per the next slideabove, he/she must be qualified per the next slide

Signal PersonSignal PersonAny time a mobile crane is within 20 feet of a power line under 350 kV (or 50 feet of a power line over 350 kv), the crane operator is required to implement one of several “encroachment prevention measures”.Dedicated spotter is one of the options.If th t h t d di t d If the crane operator chooses to use a dedicated spotter instead of the other measures, the spotter must be a qualified signal person.

Dedicated SpotterAny time a mobile crane is closer than the “10 foot rule” to a power line, a dedicated spotter is always required.The dedicated spotter must be a qualified signal person

Dedicated Spotter

The dedicated spotter must be a qualified signal person.The dedicated spotter must:• Be in continuous contact with the operator;• Be equipped with a visual aid to assist in identifying the minimum clearance distance (a line painted on the Be equipped with a visual aid to assist in identifying the minimum clearance distance (a line painted on the

ground, a line of stanchions, a set of visible line of sight landmarks.)• Be positioned to effectively gauge the clearance distance.• Where necessary use equipment that enables the spotter to communicate directly with the operator. Like

a radio.a radio.• Give timely information to the operator so that required clearance distance can be maintained.

Signal Person QualificationSignal Person QualificationSignal persons shall be qualified by one of two options.• Qualified by a third party qualified evaluator.• Qualified by the employer’s qualified

evaluator.

Signal person must know and understand type of signals used. • Must be competent in the application of

signals. • Must demonstrate knowledge through a

verbal or written AND a practical test.

Safety DevicesSafety Devices

Safety Devices 1926 1415Safety Devices - 1926.1415These devices are required for equipment covered by the standard:• Crane level indicator (not required for portal

cranes, floating cranes, cranes on barges).• Boom stops (not required for hydraulic booms).• Jib stops (if a jib is attached).p ( j )• Equipment with foot pedal brakes must have

locks.• Hydraulic outrigger jacks and hydraulic stabilizer

jacks must have an integral holding device/check valve.

• Horn (either built into the equipment or on the equipment and immediately available to operator).

Operation must not begin unless all of the devices listed above are in proper working order. Equipment must be taken out of service until the devices are working properly.

Alternative measures are not permitted.

Operational AidsOperational Aids

Operational Aids 1926 1416Operational Aids - 1926.1416Operational Aid Applicability Category DesignationBoom hoist limiting device Required for all equipment manufactured Category 1. Must be repaired no later than 7 g q q p

after December 1969.g y p

calendar days after deficiency occurs.

Luffing jib limiting device Applies to equipment equipped with a luffingjib.

Category 1. Must be repaired no later than 7 calendar days after deficiency occurs.

Anti-two blocking device Applies to all equipment. Only applies to digger derricks manufactured after November

Category 1. Must be repaired no later than 7 calendar days after deficiency occurs.gg

2011.y y

Boom angle or radius indicator Only applies to digger derricks manufactured after November 2011.Does not apply to articulating cranes.Applies to all other equipment.


Jib angle indicator if equipment has a luffing jib.

Does not apply to articulating cranes. Applies to all other equipment.


Boom length indicator if the equipment has a telescopic boom, except where rated capacity is independent of boom length

Does not apply to articulating cranes. Applies to all other equipment.


is independent of boom length.

Load weighing devices Applies to digger derricks manufactured after November 2011. Applies to other equipment manufactured after March 2003 with a rated capacity over 6,000 pounds.Special provision for articulating cranes

f t d ft N b 2011


manufactured after November 2011.

Outrigger/stabilizer position monitor. Hoist drum rotation indicator.

Required on all equipment manufacturedafter November 2011.


Ground ConditionsGround Conditions

Ground Conditions 1926 1402Ground Conditions - 1926.1402Crane must not be assembled or used unless ground conditions are firm, drained, and graded so that, in conjunction with supporting materials, the crane manufacturer’s specifications for adequate support and degree of level of the equipment are met.• Draining does not apply to wetlands• Draining does not apply to wetlands.

The controlling entity must ensure that ground preparations necessary to meet the requirements above are providedabove are provided.

Controlling EntityControlling EntityControlling entity can be the owner; project manager; construction manager; job sponsor; project liaison.Duke Energy personnel may be the controlling entity.

Lifting Personnel with CranesLifting Personnel with Cranes

Hoisting PersonnelHoisting PersonnelOSHA has many requirements for lifting personnel with cranes. Several of these have changed.Anyone involved in lifting personnel with cranes must review the new requirements in the regulation.They are not included here.y

Work Area ControlWork Area ControlSwing Radius Hazards

Work Area Control 1926 1424Work Area Control - 1926.1424Swing radius hazards.

The requirements apply where there are accessible areas in which the equipment’s rotating superstructure (whether permanently or temporarily mounted) poses a reasonably f bl i k fforeseeable risk of:• Striking and injuring an employee; OR• Pinching/crushing an employee against

another part of the equipment or another objectobject.

Work Area Control 1926 1424To prevent employees from entering these hazard areas, the employer must:

Train employees in how to recognize struck by and pinch/crush hazard areas posed by the rotating

Work Area Control - 1926.1424

Train employees in how to recognize struck-by and pinch/crush hazard areas posed by the rotating superstructure.Erect and maintain control lines, warning lines, railings or similar barriers to mark the boundaries of the hazard areas. • Exception: When it is neither feasible to erect such barriers on the ground nor on the equipment, the

hazard areas must be clearly marked by a combination of warning signs (such as ‘‘Danger—Swing/Crush Zone’’) and high visibility markings on the equipment that identify the hazard areas. Employees must be trained to understand what these markings signify.

Protecting Employees in Hazard AreaProtecting Employees in Hazard AreaBefore an employee goes to a location in the hazard area that is out of view of the operator, the employee (or someone instructed by the employee) must ensure that the operator is informed that he/she is going to that location.

Wh th t k th t l t Where the operator knows that an employee went to a location in the hazard area out of view of the operator, the operator must not rotate the superstructure until the operator is informed in accordance with a prearranged system of p g ycommunication that the employee is in a safe position.

Within Working Radius of Another CraneWithin Working Radius of Another CraneWhere any part of a crane is within the working radius of another crane, the controlling entity must institute a system to coordinate operations.

If there is no controlling entity, the employers must institute such a system.

Keeping Clear of the LoadKeeping Clear of the Load

Keeping Clear of the Load 1926 1425Keeping Clear of the Load - 1926.1425Hoisting routes that minimize the exposure of employees to hoisted loads must be used.

While the operator is not moving a suspended load, no employee must be within the fall zone, except for employees:• Engaged in hooking, unhooking or guiding a

load.• Engaged in the initial attachment of the load

to a component or structure.

Hooking Unhooking GuidingHooking, Unhooking, GuidingWhen employees are engaged in hooking, unhooking, or guiding the load, or in the initial connection of a load to a component or structure and are within the fall zone, all of the following are required:• Materials must be rigged to prevent

unintentional displacementunintentional displacement.• Hooks with self-closing latches must be used.

Receiving & Tilt up/Tilt downReceiving & Tilt-up/Tilt-downReceiving a load: • Only employees needed to receive a load are Only employees needed to receive a load are

permitted to be within the fall zone when a load is being landed.

Tilt-up or Tilt-down:p• No employees must be directly under the

load.• Only essential employees are permitted in the

fall zone (but not directly under the load).• That includes workers who are physically

guiding the load; closing monitoring the load’s movement; or either detaching it from or attaching it to another component or structurestructure.

OperationOperation

Operation 1926 1417Manufacturer Procedures:

• Employees must comply with all manufacturer procedures applicable to the operational functions of

Operation - 1926.1417

• Employees must comply with all manufacturer procedures applicable to the operational functions of equipment, including its use with attachments.

Unavailable operation procedures.• Where the manufacturer procedures are unavailable, the employer must develop and ensure compliance

with all procedures necessary for the safe operation of the equipment and attachmentswith all procedures necessary for the safe operation of the equipment and attachments.• Procedures for the operational controls must be developed by a qualified person.• Procedures related to the capacity of the equipment must be developed and signed by a registered

professional engineer familiar with the equipment.A ibilit f dAccessibility of procedures.

• The procedures applicable to the operation of the equipment, including rated capacities (load charts), recommended operating speeds, special hazard warnings, instructions, and operator’s manual, must be readily available in the cab at all times for use by the operator.Where rated capacities are available in the cab only in electronic form If a failure makes the rated • Where rated capacities are available in the cab only in electronic form – If a failure makes the rated capacities in accessible, operations must cease until the rated capacities are available.

Operator AttentionOperator AttentionOperator must not engage in any practice that diverts his attention, such as the use of cellular phones (other than when used for signal communication).

Leaving the Equipment UnattendedLeaving the Equipment UnattendedThe operator must not leave the controls while the load is suspended, except where all of the following are met:• The operator remains adjacent to the equipment and

is not engaged in any other duties.• The load is to be held suspended for a period of time

exceeding normal lifting operations.• The competent person determines that it is safe to

do so and implements measures necessary to restrain the boom hoist and telescoping, load, swing, and outrigger or stabilizer functions.Barricades or caution lines and notices are erected • Barricades or caution lines, and notices, are erected to prevent all employees from entering the fall zone. No employees are permitted in the fall zone.

Exception: The provisions above do not apply to Exception: The provisions above do not apply to working gear (such as slings, spreader bars, ladders, and welding machines) where the weight of the working gear is negligible relative to the lifting capacity of the equipment as positioned, and the working gear is

d d th th t itsuspended over an area other than an entrance or exit.

Crane Tag OutCrane Tag-OutWhere the crane has been taken out of service, a tag must be placed in the cab stating that the equipment is out of service and is not to be used.Where a function has been taken out of service, a tag must be placed in a conspicuous position stating that the function is out of service and is not to be used.If there is a do not operate tag on the equipment or starting control, the operator must not activate the equipment until the sign has been removed by a person authorized to remove it, or until the operator has

ifi d th tverified that:• No one is working on the equipment.• The equipment has been repaired and is working properly.

Before StartingBefore StartingBefore starting the engine, the operator must verify that all controls are in the proper starting position and that all personnel are in the clear.

Storm WarningStorm WarningWhen a local storm warning has been issued, the competent person must determine if it is necessary to implement manufacturer recommendations for securing the equipment.

Adjustments or RepairsAdjustments or RepairsIf equipment adjustments or repairs are necessary:• The operator must, in writing, promptly

inform the person designated by the employer to receive such information, and, where there are successive shifts, to the next operatornext operator.

• The employer must notify all affected employees at the beginning of each shift, of the necessary adjustments or repairs and all alternative measures.

Safety Devices and Operational AidsSafety Devices and Operational AidsSafety devices and operational aids must not be used as a substitute for the exercise of professional judgment by the operator.

Slack Rope ConditionSlack Rope ConditionIf the competent person determines that there is a slack rope condition requiring re-spooling of the rope, it must be verified before starting to lift that the rope is seated on the drum and in the sheaves as the slack is removed.

Rated CapacityRated CapacityCrane must not be operated in excess of its rated capacity.The operator must not be required to operate equipment in excess of its rated capacity.The operator must not be required to operate equipment in excess of its rated capacity.The operator must verify that the load is within the rated capacity by at least one of these methods:• Determine weight of load by source recognized by the industry (such as load’s manufacturer) or by

a calculation.• Operator must begin hoisting the load to determine using a load weight device load moment Operator must begin hoisting the load to determine, using a load weight device, load moment

indicator, rated capacity indicator, or rated capacity limiter, if it exceeds 75% of the maximum rated capacity at the longest radius that will be used. If it does, the operator cannot proceed.

Operation Items to NoteOperation Items to NoteBoom or other parts of the crane must not contact any obstruction.Crane must not be used to drag or pull loads sideway.Operator must test brakes each time a load that is 90% or more of the maximum line pull is h dl d b lifti th l d f i h d handled by lifting the load a few inches and applying the brakes.• In repetitive lifts where each lift is more than

90%, this applies only to the first lift.

Traveling With a LoadTraveling With a LoadTraveling with a load is prohibited if the practice is prohibited by the manufacturer.Where traveling with a load:• A competent person must supervise the

operation. The competent person must determine if it is necessary to reduce rated

it d k d t i ti di capacity and makes determination regarding load position, boom location, ground support, travel route, overhead obstructions, and speed of movement necessary to ensure safety.y

• Tire pressure specified by the manufacturer must be maintained.

CounterweightsCounterweightsEquipment must not be operated without the counterweight or ballast in place as specified by the manufacturer.Maximum counterweight or ballast specified by the manufacturer must not be exceeded.

Fall ProtectionFall Protection

Fall ProtectionFall ProtectionFor non-assembly/disassembly work, employees must wear fall protection equipment when:

Moving point to point:• On non-lattice booms;• On lattice booms that are not horizontal.• On horizontal lattice booms where the fall On horizontal lattice booms where the fall

distance is 15 feet or more.While at a work station on any part of the equipment (including the boom, of any type, except when the employee is at or near draw-works (when the equipment is running, in the cab, or on the deck.

For assembly/disassembly, fall protection equipment is i d h th f ll di t i 15 f t required when the fall distance is 15 feet or more.

Anchoring to a Load LineAnchoring to a Load LineA personal fall arrest system is permitted to be anchored to the crane’s hook when all of the following requirements are met:

A qualified person has determined that the set-up and rated capacity of the crane (including the hook, load line and rigging) is capable of supporting 5,000 pounds per employee attached.The crane operator must be at the work site and informed that the equipment is being used for this purpose.No load is suspended from the load line when the personal fall arrest system is anchored to the crane hook.

Free Fall ProhibitionsFree Fall Prohibitions

Free Fall ProhibitionsFree Fall ProhibitionsThe use of equipment in which the boom is designed to free fall (live boom) is prohibited in each of the following circumstances:

An employee is in the fall zone of the boom or load.An employee is being hoisted.The load or boom is directly over a power line or closer than the Table A distances (the “10 foot rule”) to a power line.pThe load is over a shaft, coffer dam, or in a refinery or tank form.

Authority to Stop WorkAuthority to Stop Work

Authority to Stop Work 1926 1418Authority to Stop Work - 1926.1418Whenever there is a concern as to safety, the operator has the authority to stop and refuse to handle loads until a qualified person has determined that safety has been assured.

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