oscon_apprenticeship
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Apprenticeships on Open Source
OSCON 2008Dave Hoover, Obtiva, ChicagoBrian Tatnall, Stark Investments,
Chicago
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Disclaimer!
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Disclaimer!
This talk is based on our experiences
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Disclaimer!
This talk is based on our experiences
We'd love to hear about yours!
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What's Your Problem?
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What's Your Problem?
You need talented, experienced people
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What's Your Problem?
You need talented, experienced people
But you can't find enough of them
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What's Your Problem?
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What's Your Problem?
You need experience to get a job
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What's Your Problem?
You need experience to get a job
But that's a Catch-22
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What's Our Problem?
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What's Our Problem?
We have a disconnect between demand for quality people and our ability to find these people
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What's Our Problem?
We have a disconnect between our desire to become top-notch
developers and our ability to reach that level
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Glut and Shortage
We can take the time needed to nurture apprentice developers because we are faced with the problem of abundance, rather than scarcity... Today we have more developers than needed, but we have a shortage of good developers.
Pete McBreen, Software Craftsmanship, Chapter 12
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Root of the Problem
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Root of the Problem
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Root of the Problem
Instant Gratification
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Root of the Problem
We want to hire a known quantity
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Root of the Problem
We want to hire a known quantity
Rather than develop one
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Root of the Problem
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Root of the Problem
We want to make as much money as we can right now
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Root of the Problem
We want to make as much money as we can right now
Rather than set ourselves up for the long-term
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A Related Problem
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A Related Problem
I just spent 4 years paying to learn
computer science
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A Related Problem
I just spent 4 years paying to learn
computer science
Now it's time to get paid
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A Related Problem
I just spent 4 years paying to learn
computer science
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A Related Problem
I just spent 4 years paying to learncomputer science
Don't ask me to spend my free time learning another language
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An Interesting Problem
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An Interesting Problem
I'm a philosophy major turned programmer
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An Interesting Problem
I'm a philosophy major turned programmer
I assume I will be learning languages on my own time
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Wha?
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Wha?
How does a philospher become a programmer?
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Hmm...
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Open Source FTW!
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Open Source FTW!Free Software
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Open Source FTW!Free Software
+Web Search
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Open Source FTW!Free Software
+Web Search
+Books
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Open Source FTW!Free Software
+Web Search
+Books
+Online Communities
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Open Source FTW!Free Software
+Web Search
+Books
+Online Communities
+User Groups
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Open Source FTW!Free Software = Perl
Web Search = Google
Books = Camel
Online Communities = perlmonks.org
User Groups = chicago.pm
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==
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Novice-level knowledge is cheap to acquire
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Novice-level knowledge is cheap to acquire
(like $30)
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Novice-level knowledge is cheap to acquire
But what does that get us?
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Opportunity
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Hire an established craftsman
Opportunity
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Hire an established craftsman
Then hire for potential over credential
Opportunity
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A key task for all master software craftsmen is taking apprentices and journeymen under their wing and providing an environment in which they can practice their craft.
Pete McBreen, Software Craftsmanship, Chapter 11
Opportunity
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Don't Feed the Glut
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You could hire 4 mid-level developers
Don't Feed the Glut
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You could hire 4 mid-level developers
And send them each to a 4 day training
Don't Feed the Glut
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||
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You could hire 1 craftsman
Solve the Shortage
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You could hire 1 craftsman(who makes more than you, but makes you look like a superstar)
Solve the Shortage
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You could hire 1 craftsman(who makes more than you, but makes you look like a superstar)
and 2 apprentices
Solve the Shortage
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You could hire 1 craftsman(who makes more than you, but makes you look like a superstar)
and 2 apprentices
And watch the apprentices quickly surpass your old mid-level
developers
Solve the Shortage
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But, where do apprentices come from?
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Stories
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Dave, a psychologist
Stories
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Dave, a psychologistBrian, a theologist
Stories
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Dave, a psychologistBrian, a theologist
Nate, a young hacker
Stories
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Dave, a psychologistBrian, a theologist
Nate, a young hackerFred, a philosopher
Stories
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Dave, a psychologistBrian, a theologist
Nate, a young hackerFred, a philosopher
Jake, a physics teacher
Stories
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Are we anti-CS grad?
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Absolutely not
Are we anti-CS grad?
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Absolutely not
They just need the right attitude
Are we anti-CS grad?
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Absolutely not
Are we anti-CS grad?
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Absolutely not
But they might be (or have been) anti-apprenticeship
Are we anti-CS grad?
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Apprentices are Cheap
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But quickly stop being cheap
Apprentices are Cheap
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But quickly stop being cheap
If all goes well
Apprentices are Cheap
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Apprentices are Expensive
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They are getting paid to learn
Apprentices are Expensive
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They are getting paid to learn
They take time and money to ramp up
Apprentices are Expensive
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Craftsmen are Cheap
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They can do the work of 3-4 mid-level programmers
Craftsmen are Cheap
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They can do the work of 3-4 mid-level programmers
For the price of 2 mid-level programmers
Craftsmen are Cheap
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Craftsmen are Expensive
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Craftsmen are Expensive
At the price of 2 mid-level programmers
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Craftsmen are Expensive
At the price of 2 mid-level programmers
They might get paid more than their manager...
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Craftsmen are Expensive
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The Business Case
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The Business Case
1 Craftsman + 2 Apprentices
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The Business Case
1 Craftsman + 2 Apprentices
Costs 3 mid-level programmers
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The Business Case
1 Craftsman + 2 Apprentices
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The Business Case
1 Craftsman + 2 Apprentices
Will soon outperform 3 mid-level programmers
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Successful Apprenticeships
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Successful Apprenticeships
Profit the company
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Successful Apprenticeships
Profit the company
While increasing the apprentice's market value
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The Setup
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The Setup
An experienced, passionate developer
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The Setup
An experienced, passionate developer
Interested in mentoring
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The Setup
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The Setup
An enthusiastic, knowledge sponge
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The Setup
An enthusiastic, knowledge sponge
Willing to give up some pay in the short-term for long-term
opportunity
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Potential vs. Credential
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Potential vs. Credential
You're going to learn about their strengths as you go
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Potential vs. Credential
You're going to learn about their strengths as you go
Not a good fit for specialization, you need flexibility
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Cultivate the Culture
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Cultivate the Culture
Value learning over competence
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Cultivate the Culture
Value learning over competence
Craftsman models lifelong learning
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Cultivate the Culture
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Cultivate the Culture
Inherit from Open Source culture
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Cultivate the Culture
Inherit from Open Source culture
Transparency and Testing
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Cultivate the Culture
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Cultivate the Culture
Without a master craftsman
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Cultivate the Culture
Without a master craftsman
You need a strong network of journeymen
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First Steps
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First Steps
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First Steps
2 kings, 1 pawn
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First Steps
2 kings, 1 pawn
Beware of the firehose
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First Steps
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First Steps
Be the worst
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First Steps
Be the worst
Don't stagnate
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Q & A & D
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Credits / ReferencesMary Treseler from O'Reilly
My Bookhttp://softwarecraftsmanship.oreilly.com
McBreen's bookhttp://mcbreen.ab.ca/SoftwareCraftsmanship
Photos (mostly) from Flickr
Slides from http://280slides.com