Organizational Behaviour

Unit - I

Concept of Organization

An organization may be defined as identifiable aggregation of human beings, deliberately and

consciously created for the attainment of certain goals with rational co-ordination of closely relevant activities

Features of Organization

• Identifiable aggregation of Human Beings• Deliberate and Conscious Creation• Purposive Creation• Co-ordination of Activities• Structure• Rationality

Significance of Organizations

• Limitations of Individuals• Social Reasons• Material Reasons

Why Organizations Grow?

Nature of OB

• A Field of Study and not a Discipline• Interdisciplinary Approach• An Applied Science• Normative and Value Centered• Humanistic and Optimistic• Oriented towards Organizational Objective• A Total Systems Approach

Organizational Behaviour

It is the study and application of knowledge about human behaviour related to other

elements of the organization such as structure, technology and social system

Disciplines Contributing to OB

• Psychology• Sociology• Anthropology

OB and Behavioural Science & OB and Human Relations are similar fields of study

Challenges in OB

• Cross- cultural dynamics• Workforce Diversity• Increasing workforce aspirations• Increasing Quality consciousness• Newer Organizational Designs• Mergers and Acquisitions

Role of OB

• Understanding Human Behavior• Controlling and Directing Human Behavior• Organizational Adaptation

Understanding Human Behavior

• Individual Level• Interpersonal Level• Group Level• Intergroup Level

Controlling and Directing Human Behavior

• Use of Power and Sanction• Leadership• Communication• Organizational Climate

Organizational Adaptation

Organizations as dynamic entities are characterized by pervasive change. Managers have to face dual

problems: Identifying need for change and then implementing the change without adversely affecting

the need for satisfaction of organizational people

OB ModelsA model is an abstraction of a reality, a simplified representation of some real-

world phenomenon.In the Field of OB, models are developed to provide framework about “how people will

be treated in an organization”

OB Models

• Autocratic• Custodial• Supportive• Collegial

Davis has described these 4 models..

Autocratic Custodial Supportive Collegial

Basis of model Power Economic Resources

Leadership Partnership

Managerial Orientation

Authority Money Support Teamwork

Employee Orientation

Obedience Security & Benefits

Job performance

Responsible behavior

Employee Psychological Result

Dependence on boss

Dependence on organization

Participation Self-discipline

Employee needs met

Subsistence Security Status & Recognition

Self- actualization

Performance Result

Minimum Passive cooperation

Awakened drives

Moderate enthusiasm