organization of the constitution. article i: legislative makes the laws 2 houses (bicameral)
TRANSCRIPT
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Organization of the Constitution
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Article I: Legislative
• Makes the laws
• 2 Houses (bicameral)
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“House” of Representatives
• Number of Representatives is based on population
• Serve a 2 year term
• 435 total representatives
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Leader of the House
• Speaker of the House: John Boehner
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Senate
• 2 Senators per State
• Serve 6 year terms
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Leader of the Senate
• Vice President
• When the VP cannot be there the President Pro Tempore is in charge (temporary)
• Joe Biden=VP
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Implied Powers
• Congressional powers not written in the Constitution but are powers obviously needed.
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Elastic Clause
• Article I Sec 8. “necessary and proper”
• Congress has the power to extend delegated powers if needed.
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Article II: Executive
• Enforces the laws
• President and Vice President
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Article III: Judicial
• Interprets the laws• Supreme Court• Leader: Chief Justice• John Roberts
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Full Faith and Credit Clause
• Each state will accept the decisions in other state courts
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Supremacy Clause
• Article VI
• The Constitution is “the supreme law of the land”
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Bill of Rights
• States demanded that the Constitution add a Bill of Rights
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Ratification
• Official approval
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Rhode Island
• Last state to ratify the Constitution in 1790.
• Why were they last?
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Principles of the Constitution
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1. Constitutionalism• That gov’t is created BY THE PEOPLE!• Gov’t should be legally limited in its powers and as
the people we should enforce those limitations
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1.Limited Government
The Constitution forbids the gov’t to do certain things.
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1. Rule of Law
• The law applies to everyone, even those who govern
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2.Separation of Powers
• 3 branches of gov’t
• Each has different powers
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3.Checks and Balances
• Each branch is able to check and restrain the others
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4.Popular Sovereignty
• Power lies in the people
• Sovereignty: right to rule
• Popular: population or public
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5. Federalism:
• Power is shared between the federal (national) gov;t and the state gov’ts
– Expressed/delegated powers: powers of the national gov;t
– Reserved powers: state powers
– Concurrent powers: shared by both
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Expressed Powers
• Declare War
• Regulate Commerce
• Print Money
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Reserved Powers
• Regulate trade within the state
• Schools
• Rules for marriage and divorce
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Concurrent Powers
• Collect taxes
• Set up courts and prisons
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7. Judicial Review
• The power of the Supreme Court to say whether the national, state or local gov’t goes against the Consitution.
• Declare something unconstitutional
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Federalist vs. Anti-federalist
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Federalist
• Supporters of the Constitution
• They liked the balance of power between state and national gov.
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Anti-Federalist
• Opposed the Constitution
• They didn’t like having such a strong national gov.
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The Federalist Papers
• 85 essays defending the Constitution
• Written by Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay.