organic rankine cycle
DESCRIPTION
Organic Rankine Cycle. By John Yee. Introduction. Organic Rankine Cycle ( ORC) Same working principle as Rankine cycle Organic – pentane, propane, ammonia, and coolants Uses for ORC Low-grade heat waste recovery. Introduction. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
By
John Yee
Organic Rankine Cycle
Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC)Same working principle as Rankine cycle
Organic – pentane, propane, ammonia, and coolantsUses for ORC
Low-grade heat waste recovery
Introduction
Energy generation is conventionally done using Rankine cycle with steamWater needs to be superheated to ~600C to prevent
condensation during expansion.Organic fluids
Evaporation at lower temperatures and pressuresLower temperature of waste heat can be used
Introduction
Energy generation from temperatures as low as 80C to 100C is possible
Carnot efficiency:
Introduction
Utilizes wastes (wood shavings, barks, sawing, chips) of a big sawmill
Thermal and electrical energyThermal heat and hot water
Nearby schools and hospital
Biomass Cogeneration Plant - Analysis
Biomass Cogeneration Plant - Analysis
Case 1: Max energy production ~5MWElectrical efficiency: 15.5%Net electrical + useful thermal: 33%
Case 2: Max thermal loadElectrical efficiency: 9.5%Net electrical + useful thermal: 71.8%
Similar systems have appeared in the lumber industry
Biomass Cogeneration Plant - Analysis
Trigeneration – combined cooling, heating, and energy generationHeating: Condenser Q,outCooling: Single-effect absorption chiller
mixture of lithium-bromide (Li-Br) and water.
Trigeneration system with ORC
Trigeneration system with ORC
Trigeneration system with ORC
ORC working fluid Octane(C8H18): Boiling point 125C
Overall efficiency: ~76%Electrical efficiency: 15%Ratio Electrical:Cooling: ~4Ratio Electrical:Heating: ~0.2
Trigeneration system with ORC
Geothermal heat sources vary in temperatures from 50 to 350C.
High-temp >220C are most suitable for commerical production of electricity with dry steam and flash steam systems.
<220C is most commonly available.
Low Temperature Geothermal
Low Temperature Geothermal
Low Temperature Geothermal
Low Temperature Geothermal
Commercial cogeneration using natural gas
Internal Combustion Engine with ORC
Internal Combustion Engine with ORC
Internal Combustion Engine with ORC
Few common working fluids with different characteristics modeled
Internal Combustion Engine with ORC
Overall efficiency increase of ~5%41.8% -> 47.1%
Internal Combustion Engine with ORC
Low temperature thermal electric generationNon-tracking concentrated solar collectors
180-200CWorking fluid: HCFC-123
Short half life
Low Temperature Solar with ORC Analysis
Low Temperature Solar with ORC Analysis
Irradiation: 750 W/m2
Low Temperature Solar with ORC Analysis
Low Temperature Solar with ORC Analysis
Al-Sulaiman, Fahad. “Performance comparison of three trigeneration systems using organic rankine cycles”. Energy, vol. 36, pgs. 5741-5754. June 2011.
Guo, Tao, Huaixin Wang and Shengjun Zhang. “Comparative analysis of natural and conventional working fluids for use in transcritical Rankine cycle using low-temperature geothermal source”. Int. J. Energy Res, vol. 35, pgs. 530–544. May 2010.
Pei, Gang, Jing Li, and Jie Ji. “Analysis of low temperature solar thermal electric generation using regenerative Organic Rankine Cycle”. Applied Thermal Engineering, vol. 30, issues 8-9, pgs. 998-1004. June 2010.
Stoppato, Anna. “Energetic and economic investigation of the operation management of an Organic Rankine Cycle cogeneration plant”. Energy, vol. 41, n. 1, pgs. 3-9. May 2012.
Vaja, Iacopo, and Agostino Gambarotta. “Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) bottoming with Organic Rankine Cycles (ORCs)”. Energy, vol. 35, pgs 1084-1093. July 2009.
Bibliography