ORGANIC MCT OIL

PRODUCTINFO

Organic Coconut Oil from Dominican RepublicContemporary concepts of organic production were introduced into the Dominican Republic in the early 1980s. First commercial exports of organic products date back to 1989. These comprised mainly of exports of bananas to Europe and to the United States. Subsequently cocoa, coffee, coconuts, mangoes and crude coconut oil were exported.Organic products are today an important component of the agricultural sector.

The Dominican Republic is currently one of the leading exporters of tropical organic products globally. Organic production in the country is clearly dominated by bananas, which account for about 80% of all organic exports. In the course of the last decade, land dedicated to organic crops grew to 8.3% of the total 161.000 ha available (data 2009, Organic World statistics http://www.organic-world.net).

A&A Fratelli Parodi produces Organic Coconut Oil in the Dominican Republic. This is a special oil, with unique characteristics and quality.

Why is Parodi’s organic coconut oil from the Domincan Republic a unique product?This is exactly the kind of questions we asked ourselves the very first time when we saw the fatty acid composition and the iodine number of dominican coconut oil. The former is listed in Table 1, in comparison with the average coconut oil figures as reported in the literature [1].

Cocunut palms grow spontaneously in an uncontaminated environment.

Why is the short chain fatty acids (C8, C10, C12) percentage greater than in coconuts from other areas?Why are the polyunsaturated fatty acids (C18:1, C18:2) percentages lower?It is not an easy question to answer, but it is probably something related to the plant dna, because of the climatic and orographic conditions in which the trees grow and reproduce, typical of the island environment where few possibilities of genetic mixing with other plants exist.Also in larger islands at continental scale (e.g. Australia, New Zealand, Sri Lanka, Madagascar), similar phenomena can be observed, so that often unique conditions are found in comparison with the rest of the world.By looking at the figures of Table 1, one can notice the outstanding amount of medium chain fatty acids in Coconut oil from Dominican Republic that can reach, as a whole, almost 80 % of the fatty acid content.Cocunut palms grow spontaneously in an uncontaminated environment, coconuts are collected manually by local people and processed with care and respect, to provide the best quality oil and to preserve the unique characteristics that nature has given it.

Fatty acid

C6:0C8:0C10:0C12:0C14:0C16:0C18:0C18:1C18:2

Common name

CaproicCaprylicCapricLauricMyristicPalmiticStearicOleicLinoleic

Coconut Oil

0.2 - 0.86 - 96 - 1046 - 5017 - 198 - 102 - 35 - 71 - 2.5

Organic Coconut Oil(Dominican Republic)

< 0.111 - 1610 - 1545 - 4915 - 176 - 81 - 2.53 - 50.5 - 1

Figure 1: The Dominican Republic

Table 1: Fatty acid composition of coconut oil [1](third column), in comparison with Organic coconut oil from Domincan Republic. In the naming convention, e.g. C8:0 refers to the acid with 8 carbon atoms and 0 double bonds.

Fatty acids distribution (%)

Medium Chain Triglycerides

Organic MCT oils by A&A Fratelli Parodi spaMCT2, MCT10, MCT15

Our MCT Oils are 100% natural products,obtained via physical processes only.

- Lau

ric Acid

Co

nten

t +Medium Chain Triglycerides (MCT) are mixed triglycerides of saturated fatty acids with a chain length of 6 to 12 carbon atoms, mainly C8 (caprylic acid) and C10 (capric acid). MCT Oil can be obtained in two ways, by chemical recombination of refined fatty acids coming from coconut oil with glycerine, or directly by molecular distillation of virgin coconut oil. The first product is a synthetic vegetable based ester, and as such is subject to REACH registration. The second one is a 100% natural product, processed with physical treatments only, and as such is exempt from REACH. The separation process is non-chemical and involves a simple physical separation process, thus there are no chemical residues to worry about.

First distillation

FractionationMolecular Distillation

Organic MCT15 C12<15%

Organic MCT10 C12<10%

Organic MCT2 C12<2%

Figure 2: A&A Fratelli Parodi spaMCT Oils production flowchart.

MCT oil finds many applications in cosmetics. It functions as a skin conditioning agent - occlusive, since it slows the loss of water from the skin by forming a barrier on the skin’s surface. It alters the thickness ofliquid products and acts as a viscosity controlling agent. It provides surface glide and is able to promote pigment dispersion in finished products, acting as a carrier and transport vehicle. One of the major advantages of MCT is that, being a fully saturated oil, it is an inert and stable emollient. It finds application in Aerosols, Creams, Ointments, Lotions, Lipsticks.

Our MCT Oil, obtained from organic coconut oil produced in the Dominican Repubblic, is 100% natural and fully complies with Organic standards, therefore we are proud to name it Organic MCT oil. It’s a non-reconstituted product resulting from physical distillation processes that preserve its nature, different from what can be obtained via chemical synthesis of organic raw materials.Starting from organic coconut oil, a fraction enriched in medium chain triglycerides is isolated from a first distillation. A second high performance molecular distillation allows to obtain different products (Figure 2). We’ve selected three main fractions:The lightest fraction, named Organic MCT2 contains the smallest C12 content (< 2%). Being less available and obtained with lower yields, this is the most valuable product.The content of the C12 medium chain increases in passing to the other two products, named accordingly as Organic MCT10 and Organic MCT15.

Both organic and non-organic MCT 2,10 and 15 grades are available upon request.

Coconut is the fruit of the palm tree Cocos nucifera, found across much of the tropical and subtropical area. It is known for its great versatility, as seen in the many domestic, commercial, and industrial uses of its different parts. Cocos nucifera is ubiquitous in all tropical and subtropical regions, 23° north and south of the equator. If grown outside this band, flowers do not develop to normal fruits [2]. Original native regions are southeast Asia (Malaysia, Indonesia, Philippines) and Melanesia. Original areas are wide, thanks to the ability of the fruit to disseminate the species naturally over distances of thousands of kilometers. In fact, coconuts can float on the ocean for long periods and still germinate when beached, so they may have arisen anywhere between the eastern Indian and western Pacific oceans. With geographical explorations and development of trades, coconut was further spread to Micronesia, India, Sri Lanka, East Africa, Caribbean. Statistics from FAO (2009) showed Indonesia, Philippines, and India as the world’s top producers, collectively contributing to 80% of the world coconut production of 59.6 millions metric tons in 2009

Some facts about Coconut Oil(production was 49.8 million metric tons in 2001) [3]. Also, as shown in Figure 3, countries in South and Central America like Brazil and Mexico are among the top 10 producers, but with much lower figures.Coconuts are part of the daily diet of many people. The oil and milk derived from it are commonly used in cooking and frying.For centuries, coconut has been a subsistent crop in tropical countries. Its most important product is the oil. Following the demand for coconut oil in Europe for the production of soap and margarine in the 19th century, coconut was converted into a commercial crop. In the 20th century, coconut dominated the oilseed market until the 1960s when the volume exported was surpassed by soybean. The aftermath of World War II saw the substitution of vegetable oils for coconut oil in the international market. Philippines and Indonesia are the world’s largest coconut oil producers. In 2009, they produced 2.2 million metric tons of coconut oil, which is approximately 63% of the world’s total production (FAO, 2009). The Philippines is also the top exporter of coconut oil in the world.

Dominican Republic

Santo Domingo

Figure 3: Coconut oil world production, 2009. Biggest producers are Philippines, Indonesia and India. Pink colored countries account for 9% of total production. The Dominican Repubblic is highlighted. Source: Food and Agricultural commodities production, FAOSTAT http://faostat.fao.org/site/339/default.aspx [accessed 2011-11-20]

Coconut oil is industrially extracted from the meat of matured coconut. Most commercial grade coconut oils are made from copra [4]. Copra, the dried coconut meat, can be made by smoke drying or sun drying. Copra can then be pressed by continuous expeller pressing. The oil expeller is a mechanical screw press in which the oil is expelled from the copra by the pressure exerted by a continuous rotating warm shaft in the barrel or cage of the press. The barrel is built with openings to allow the escape of oil, that can be adjusted according to the type of seed being crushed. Hydraulic presses are also used in large installations.A last step in these large scale processes can use chemical solvents, such as hexane, to separate the coconut cake from the coconut oil and to obtain higher yields. Final refining, consisting of deodorizing and bleaching, is often performed. High heat is used to deodorize the oil, and the oil is typically filtered through clays to remove impurities. Sodium hydroxide is generally also employed to remove free fatty acids and prolong shelf life. This is the most common way to mass-produce coconut oil.What is called virgin coconut oil can be obtained by treating the non-dried meat by simple pressing procedures. The product obtained in this wet process is coconut milk. It contains water and oil. Oil is then separated from water, without shear, chemicals, refining. Typical separation methods encompass fermentation and centrifugation. Virgin coconut oil is a colorless liquid, has a characteristic coconut flavor and finds several applications in food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic fields.

Coconut oil production The fatty acid compos i t i on of coconut oil is reported in Table 1. As it can be seen, lauric acid is the major c o m p o n e n t , followed by myristic and

palmitic acids (long chain acids), and capric and caprylic acids (medium chain acids).Fatty acids obtained by chemical splitting of coconut oil (different methods exist) are distilled and can be separated into various fractions or individual cuts, as follows [1]:

• Caprylic and capric acid: the low molecular weight fraction comprises around 55% C8 and 40% C10 fatty acid fractions, with small amounts of C6 and C12.

• Topped coconut fatty acids: the C12–C18 fraction remaining after removing the C8-10 fraction.

• Lauric and myristic acid: the medium-chain fatty acid fraction comprising approximately 72% C12 and 26% C14 fatty acid fractions with traces of C10 and C16 fatty acid fractions.

• Lauric acid: a pure C12 fatty acid cut with a purity of 99% minimum, with traces of C10 and C14 fatty acids.

• Myristic acid: a C14 fatty acid cut with a purity of 98% minimum and traces of C12 and C16 fatty acid fractions.

There is a market for each individual cut of high purity fatty acids, that are highly desired by certain industries, such as the cosmetic industry.

Bibliography[1] Gervajio, G. C. Fatty Acids and Derivatives from Coconut Oil Bailey’s Industrial Oil and Fat Products, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2005[2] Traditional Tree Initiative, www.traditionaltree.org[3] FAOSTAT http://faostat.fao.org/site/339/default.aspx [accessed 2011-11-20][4] Krishna, G.A.G.and Raj, G.; Bhatnagar, A. & Kumar, P.P.K.and Chandrashekar, P. Coconut Oil: Chemistry, Production and Its Applications - A Review Indian Coconut Journal, 2010, 73, 15-27

Product:VEGETABLEOILS ANDFATSREFINED

We are able to process speciality oil seeds.

Low-temperature expeller-pressed crude oils are refined by means of bleaching, decolouring, deodorizing and winterizing.Higly stable oils, low in acid and peroxide valus, and are finally packaged under inert nitrogen atmosphere.

Oxidation resistance varies according to fatty-acids composition (saturated or unsaturated) and storage conditions.

Quality Control Laboratory and Customer Service are ready to provide you with all required information on our Refined Vegetable Oils.

Application FieldsCosmetic, Pharmaceutical, Industrial

Please enquirefor exotic vegetable oils - refined not listed here

TRADE NAMENAMED VEGETABLE OILS AND

FATS - REFINEDINCI NAME

1 PARYOL 455 BC/R Cocoa butter theobroma cacao seed butter

2 PARYOL 6129 IL/R Illipè Butter bassia latifolia seed butter

3 PARYOL 218 BK/R Shea butter butyrospermum parkii butter

4 PARYOL 468 MG/R Mango butter mangifera indica seed butter

5 PARYOL 207 AL/R Apricot kernel oil prunus armeniaca kernel oil

6 PARYOL 398 AN/R Cashewnut oil anacardium occidentale seed oil

7 PARYOL 615 AN/R Watermelon seed oil citrullus lanatus seed oil

8 PARYOL 6165 PN/R - PH. EU. Peanut oil (Ph. Eu. 7.2) arachis hypogaea oil

9 PARYOL 6134 OSO/R Orange seed oil (winterized) citrus aurantium dulcis seed oil

10 PARYOL 627 AR/R Argan oil argania spinosa kernel oil

11 PARYOL 243 AV/R Avocado oil persea gratissima oil

12 PARYOL 243 AW/R Avocado oil winterized persea gratissima oil

13 PARYOL 637 BS/R Babassu Palm oil orbignya oleifera seed oil

14 PARYOL 635 BB/R Baobab Oil adansonia digitata oil

15 PARYOL 448 BG/R Borage oil borago officinalis seed oil

16 PARYOL 452 OC/R Cocoa oil (fractionated) theobroma cacao seed extract

17 PARYOL 618 CO/R Camellia oil camellia oleifera seed oil

18 PARYOL 317 CA/R Hemp seed oil cannabis sativa seed oil

19 PARYOL 299 CT/R Safflower seed oil carthamus tinctorius seed oil

20 PARYOL 299 CT/O Safflower seed oil (high oleic acid) carthamus tinctorius seed oil

21 PARYOL 194 CL/R Cherry oil prunus avium seed oil

22 PARYOL 507 CC/R Coconut oil cocos nucifera oil

23 PARYOL 507 CC/R PH. EU. Coconut oil (Ph. Eu. 7th Ed.) cocos nucifera oil

24 PARYOL 091 CZ/R Rapeseed oil brassica campestris seed oil

25 PARYOL 619 CTN/R Cotton seed oil gossypium herbaceum seed oil

26 PARYOL 6137 EKUM Echium seed oil echium plantagineum seed oil

27 PARYOL 475 EP/R Evening primrose oil - Onagre oil oenothera biennis oil

28 PARYOL 285 G/R Wheat Germ Oil triticum vulgare germ oil

29 PARYOL 286 GS/R Sunflower oil helianthus annuus seed oil

30 PARYOL 286 GS/AO Sunflower oil (high oleic acid) helianthus annuus hybrid oil

31 PARYOL 333 JB/R Jojoba oil simmondsia chinensis seed oil

32 PARYOL 333 JB Jojoba oil simmondsia chinensis seed oil

33 PARYOL 312 K/R Shea oil butyrospermum parkii oil

34 PARYOL 229 KK/R Kukui oil aleurites moluccana seed oil

35 PARYOL 014 LN/R Linseed oil (Flax) linum usitatissimum seed oil

36 PARYOL 255 MC/R Macadamia oil macadamia integrifolia seed oil

37 PARYOL 231 MS/R Corn oil zea mays oil

38 PARYOL 480 MR Sweet Almond Oil prunus amygdalus dulcis oil

39 PARYOL 480 MR-Ph Eu VII Ed. Sweet Almond Oil (Ph. Eu. 7th Ed.) prunus amygdalus dulcis oil

40 PARYOL 628 MGO/R Mango pulp oil (fractionated) mangifera indica seed oil

41 PARYOL 622 NE/G Neem oil melia azadirachta seed oil

42 PARYOL 262 NL/R Hazelnut oil corylus avellana seed oil

43 PARYOL 321 NC/R Walnut Oil juglans regia seed oil

44 PARYOL 616 BN/R Brazil Nut Oil bertholletia excelsa seed oil

45 PARYOL 165 OL/R Olive Oil olea europaea fruit oil

46 PARYOL 341 PP/R Poppy seed oil papaver orientale seed oil

47 PARYOL 607 PF/R Passion fruit seed oil passiflora edulis seed oil

48 PARYOL 501 PC/R Pecan nut oil carya illinoensis seed oil

49 PARYOL 624 PE/R Perilla oil perilla ocymoides seed oil

50 PARYOL 624 PE/G Perilla oil perilla ocymoides seed oil

51 PARYOL 326 PS/R Peach kernel oil prunus persica kernel oil

52 PARYOL 6120 GF/R Grapefruit oil (fractionated) citrus grandis seed oil

53 PARYOL 602 RBS/R Black currant seed oil - Ribes nigrum ribes nigrum seed oil

54 PARYOL 008 RC/R Castor oil ricinus communis seed oil

55 PARYOL 008 RC/1P Castor oil ricinus communis seed oil

56 PARYOL 046 RC/FU Castor oil - PH EUR ricinus communis seed oil

57 PARYOL 568 RS/R Rice Bran oil oryza sativa bran oil

58 PARYOL 568 RS/R - Winterized Rice Bran oil oryza sativa bran oil

59 PARYOL 354 RM/R Rosa Mosqueta oil (Musk rose oil) rosa moschata seed oil

60 PARYOL 181 SM/R Sesame seed oil sesamum indicum seed oil

61 PARYOL 003 SJ/R Soyabean oil glycine soja oil

62 PARYOL 643 TM/R Tamanu oil calophyllum tacamahaca seed oil

63 PARYOL 325 VN/R Grapeseed oil vitis vinifera seed oil

64 PARYOL 634 ZC/R Pumpkin seed oil cucurbita pepo seed oil

65 PARYOL MCT 2 Caprylic/capric/lauric triglyceride caprylic/capric/lauric triglyceride

66 PARYOL MCT 10 Caprylic/capric/lauric triglyceride caprylic/capric/lauric triglyceride

67 PARYOL MCT 15 Caprylic/capric/lauric triglyceride caprylic/capric/lauric triglyceride

Product:BUTTERS

Please enquire for exotic butters not listed here

TRADE NAME NAMED BUTTER INCI NAME

Butters are lipids with melting points not higher than 50°C, solid at room temperature.

Few butters occurr in nature, involving different oils and fats. We are committed to preparing exotic butter blends, suitable for skin care formulations, with taylor-made lubricity and emolliency, resulting in superior skin feeling.

As an emerging successful application, our butters can be employed to realize massage-oil candles.

Quality Control Laboratory and Customer Service are ready to provide you with all required information on our Butters.

Application FieldsCosmetic

1 PARYOBUTTER A39 Apricot butterprunus armeniaca kernel oil - hydrogenated vegetable oil - butyrospermum parkii butter - tocopherol

2 PARYOBUTTER ARG Argan butterargania spinosa oil - hydrogenated vegetable oil - butyrospermum parkii butter - tocopherol

3 PARYOBUTTER AV38 Avocado butterpersea gratissima oil - hydrogenated vegetable oil - butyrospermum parkii butter - tocopherol

4 PARYOBUTTER CU 40 Cucumber buttercucumis sativus oil - hydrogenated vegetable oil - butyrospermum parkii butter - tocopherol

5 PARYOBUTTER GS 40 Grapeseed buttervitis vitifera seed oil - hydrogenated vegetable oil - butyrospermum parkii butter - tocopherol

6 PARYOBUTTER HE 40 Hempseed buttercanabis sativa seed oil - hydrogenated vegetable oil - butyrospermum parkii butter - tocopherol

7 PARYOBUTTER J 39 Jojoba buttersimmondsia chinensis oil - hydrogenated vegetable oil - butyrospermum parkii butter - tocopherol

8 PARYOBUTTER KK 43 Kukui butteraleurites moluccana seed oil - hydrogenated vegetable oil - butyrospermum parkii butter - tocopherol

9 PARYOBUTTER MA 39 Macadamia buttermacadamia ternifolia seed oil - hydrogenated vegetable oil - butyrospermum parkii butter - tocopherol

10 PARYOBUTTER ME 40 Melon buttercitrullus vulgaris seed oil - hydrogenated vegetable oil - butyrospermum parkii butter - tocopherol

11 PARYOBUTTER 165 O38 Olive butterolea europaea fruit oil - hydrogenated vegetable oil - butyrospermum parkii butter - tocopherol

12 PARYOBUTTER 081 PM Palm butterelaeis guineensis oil - hydrogenated vegetable oil - butyrospermum parkii butter - tocopherol

13 PARYOBUTTER PO 40 Poppy butterpapaver orientale seed oil - hydrogenated vegetable oil - butyrospermum parkii butter - tocopherol

14 PARYOBUTTER PUM 40 Pumpkin buttercucurbita pepo seed oil - hydrogenated vegetable oil - butyrospermum parkii butter - tocopherol

15 PARYOBUTTER RM 40 Rosa Mosqueta butterrosa moschata seed oil - hydrogenated vegetable oil - butyrospermum parkii butter - tocopherol

16 PARYOBUTTER RB 40 Rice Bran butteroryza sativa bran oil - hydrogenated vegetable oil - butyrospermum parkii butter - tocopherol

17 PARYOBUTTER SAF 40 Safflower buttercarthamus tinctorius seed oil - hydrogenated vegetable oil - butyrospermum parkii butter - tocopherol

18 PARYOBUTTER S 39 Soybean butterglycine soja oil - hydrogenated vegetable oil - butyrospermum parkii butter - tocopherol

19 PARYOBUTTER SF 40 Sunflower butterhelianthus annuus seed oil - hydrogenated vegetable oil - butyrospermum parkii butter - tocopherol

20 PARYOBUTTER M 40 Sweet Almond butterprunus amygdalus dulcis oil - hydrogenated vegetable oil - butyrospermum parkii butter - tocopherol

21 PAROBUTTER WN 40 Walnut butterjuglans regia seed oil - hydrogenated vegetable oil - butyrospermum parkii butter - tocopherol

22 PAROBUTTER G 41 Wheat Germ buttertriticum vulgare germ oil - hydrogenated vegetable oil - butyrospermum parkii butter - tocopherol

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