Organic vs. Inorganic

• Organic Compounds • 90% of all known

compounds. • Compounds made of

carbon based molecules. FiveTypes:

• Hydrocarbons (Fuels),• Lipids (Fats) • Carbohydrates (Sugar and Starch)• Protiens –made of Amino

Acids • Nucleic Acid (DNA, RNA)

Inorganic compounds very small simplemolecules that are not based on carbon; including;water and salt.

Carbon is the element of lifeThe only element that can bind itself in long stable chains without a great expenditure of energy…long chains are required for life on earth.

Carbon structure Reason there are so many different types of organic compounds. # of Protons = 6# of Neutrons = 6# of Electrons = 6Valence electrons; electrons in the outermost energy level of an atom. Carbon has 4 valence electrons which allow for many combinations of atoms to bond to it.

The Carbon Cycle Natural recycler of Carbon atoms. The same carbon atom can move through many organisms and even end in the same place where it began…

Photosynthesis Respiration

Decompostion Decomposition

Atmosphere CO

Plants and

Algae

Herbivores

Carnivore

Soil Soil Soil

Burning Fossil Fuel

CO2 is the gas from which comes the raw material of life. Renewable as it goes from CO to C H O (glucose) is used by plant or animal who ingests it and then released back into the air or ground.

Photosynthesis 6H2 O + 6CO2 6O + C6 H12 O 6

Water + Carbon Dioxide Oxygen + Glucose

Respiration 6O + C6H12 O6 6H2O + 6CO2 + ATP Oxygen + Glucose Water + Carbon Dioxide + Energy

Decomposition the breakdown of a compound into simpler

parts.

Water

•Is a great solvent

•Can ionize into Hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions

•Is less dense as a solid

•With properties of cohesion and adhesion, form the structure of a tree’s ability to feed itself and stand up.

•Is 70% of the earth’s surface and our bodies.

Forming and breaking Polymers

• Dehydration synthesis

• Taking out water (an H from one side and an OH from the other) to make a larger compound

• To make A polyscaccaride, a protein, a lipid

• Hydrolysis• The adding of water

to break up compounds into monomers

• Making A monosaccharide, a fatty acid, an amino acid

FATSSaturated fatty acid- no double bonds

Unsaturated At least two carbon atoms SHARE a double or triple bond.

Fats

• Add glycerol with fatty acids to make a lipid:

A triglyceride results or fat polymer

And 3 water molecules

Fat Categories

Carbohydrates

A monosaccharide is a basic building block for a carbohydrate.

Glucose, fructose, and lactose are examples of monosaccharides.

They are used for quick energy.

Important polysaccharides, polymers of carbs. Include

• starch for long term storage

• chitin for insect hard coverings

• cellulose for plant support

• glycogen for energy storage

Protein

• Made from amino acids

• Has an amino group- yellow, a acid group- blue, and a variable R which differs in 20 amino acids

Together amino acids make up a polypeptide.

Their shape is determined by the attractions between the amino acids

And their shape determines their function.

Polypeptide/Protein

A new food pyramid

Compound Monomer Polymer Functions Examples

Carbohydrates

Fats

Proteins

Nucleic Acids

All images found on Google and these sites

www.healthscienceinstitute.comwww.burns-pet-nutrition.co.ukwww.biology.lsu.eduwww.biology.lsa.umich.edu

Bibliography