organic chemistry lesson 15 polymers contyyyd sim

8/9/2019 Organic Chemistry Lesson 15 Polymers Contyyyd Sim

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Subject : Chemistry Type of Lesson: Lecture.

Grade : 11 CSEC OBJ: Students should recognize patterns ofreactions of the various homologous

series of carbon compounds.

Term: 2 UNIT: Organic Chemistry

Durat on: 6 minutes Lesson: !" !olymers cont"d

#ee$: "

Objectives

#s a result of this lesson$ you %ill be able to:1& dra% diagrams to represent the formulae of monomers2& state at least one use of each of the follo%ing types of polymers

a. !olyal'ene b. !olyamidec. !olyester d. !olysaccharide

(& sho% ho% the monomers are lin'ed in the structure of a polymer.)& demonstrate the differences in properties bet%een a monomer and the polymer it forms.

Prerequisite Student Knowledge*ou should be familiar %ith:

1& monomers as small molecules that can combine to form long chains of molecules called polymers.

2& different types of polymers and the monomers that form them.(& e+amples of the different types of polymers.)& functional groups as the sites in a compound at %hich the reaction actually ta'es place.

Important Points,mportant points in this lesson:

1& -he long chains in monomers can be represented by bloc's and the functional groups clearlyillustrated.

2& ,f you have identified the lin'age present in a polymer$ then it %ill indicate the monomersfrom %hich it %as formed.

(& -he properties of monomers are different from the polymers they form.


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Key Termsunctional group /onomer !olymer

0nsaturatedcompound

Lin'age !olymerization

Challenge Areas!rotein is a natural compound that contains an amide lin'age. esearch ho% proteins are formed.

quipment!"aterial #eedediagrams of a variety of monomers and polymers.

#ote to Student

/onomers are different in properties from the polymers they form.


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Introduction1& Introductory %ct & ty

a. ,n the previous lesson$ %e loo'ed at several monomers and the polymers theyform. ,n this lesson the emphasis %ill be on representing these reactions %ithdiagrams. *ou should recall that there are t%o types of polymerization: addition and

condensation.

i. ,n addition polymerization the monomer must be an unsaturatedcompound$ that is$ it must contain double bonds:ii. or e+ample: 3 2C4C3 2 ethene

,n condensation polymerization$ small molecules are removed in the process. -he monomers areusually amines$ carbo+ylic acids$ alcohols$ dicarbo+ylic acids and dialcohols 5diols&.

Let us no% loo' at the structure of these monomers

$ody o% &esson1& D fferent types of monomers and t'e po(ymers formed

a. !oly5al'enes&

-hese polymers are formed by addition polymerisation.

i. ormation of the polymer polyethene from themonomer$ ethene

3 3 3 3 3 3

n C C C C C C

3 3 3 3 3 3 n

ethene polyethene

i. ormation of poly5propene& 5also called polypropylene& from propene.

'arning

Remember thatmonomers and polymersare different in structureand therefore different inproperties.


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3 C3 ( 3 C3 ( 3 C3 (

n C C C C C C

3 3 3 3 3 3 n

propene poly5propene&

ii. ra% the polymer formed from the addition polymerization of 17butene.

b. !olyesters-hese polymers are formed by condensation polymerisation. -he monomers involvedare: dicarbo+ylic acid and dialcohol 5diol&. !olyesters are formed %hen %ater isremoved during the condensation reaction of the acid functional group 58COO3& andthe hydro+yl functional group 59O3& of the alcohol$ as sho%n belo%:

O O

3O7C7 7C7O3 ; 3O7*7O3

O O O O 7C7 7C7O7*7O7C7 7C7O7*7O7

ester lin'age polyester

c. !olyamides-hese polymers are formed by condensation polymerisation. -he monomers involvedare: dicarbo+ylic acid and diamine. Similar to polyesters$ %ater is removed duringthe condensation reaction of the acid functional group 58COO3& and the aminefunctional group 59


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O O 3 3 O O 3

7C7 7C77 7O7 7O7 7O7 7O7 7O7 7O7? n

2& Uses of po(ymers

a. ifferent polymers have their o%n uni=ue uses and these %ill no% be discussed.Let us loo' first at the polyal'enes.

i. !olyethene: 0sed in pac'aging$ manufacture of toys$ 'itchen%are$ foodcontainers$ buc'ets$ plastic film and bags.ii. !olyvinyl chloride: 0sed as insulation for electrical %iring$ as a buildingmaterial$ in the manufacture of pipesiii. !olypropene: 0sed in the manufacture of ropes$ food containers$ and

bo%ls.iv. !olystyrene: 0sed in pac'aging and for insulation.

b. 0ses of polyamides


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i.


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Supplemental

G(ossary of Terms

-unct ona( ,roup -he group or groups of atom that are involved in

the reaction

Unsaturatedcompound

# compound %hose carbon atoms do not havethe ma+imum number of bonds.

.onomer -he building bloc's of small molecules on %hich polymers are formed

/o(ymer Long chains of molecules formed from the repeatof smaller units

/o(ymer 0at on -he process in %hich monomers oin together toform polymers

L n$a,e -he type of oining of the atoms during polymerization

CSEC 1uest ons

1& Arite an e=uation to sho% the partial structure of the polymer that is formed %hen threemolecules of C ( 3 6 are lin'ed together. State the type of polymerization %hich occurs.

52 6&

2& Carbohydrates are polymers of simple sugars. 0sing the symbol O37D7O3 to represent asimple sugar$ sho% ho% -3 @@ of these units can be lin'ed to from a part of the polymerchain found in carbohydrates present in flour. 52 E&

2ecommended .ater a(s

http:FF%%%.docbro%n.infoFpage )FOil!roducts11.htmhttp:FFusers.rcn.comF 'imball.ma.ultranetFBiology!agesFCFCarbohydrates.html

B b( o,rap'y

1. Bisnott$ Garlene$ C C Lecture Series 8 Chemistry$ 2 nd @dition$Hamaica ObserverLimited$ 52 2&.

2. erguson I 3art$ 51JJ)&.C C Chemistry$ O+ford 0niversity !ress(. Kallagher I ,ngram$ 51JJ &. Complete Chemistry$ O+ford 0niversity !ress
http://www.docbrown.info/page04/OilProducts11.htmhttp://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/C/Carbohydrates.htmlhttp://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/C/Carbohydrates.htmlhttp://www.docbrown.info/page04/OilProducts11.htm


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). 3olderness I Lambert$ 51JJM&. #

organic chemistry lesson 15 polymers contyyyd sim

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