ORFEUS OBSERVATORY COORDINATION WORKSHOPSeismic Networks and Acceleration Networks

İstanbul, 12-14 November 2012

The Strong-Motion Data in the Western Balkans

Zoran Milutinovic

Institute of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Seismology University “Ss. Cyril and Methodius” in Skopje

Skopje, Macedonia

Contents The Strong-Motion Data in the Western

Balkans Seismic Monitoring, Macedonia The 3D Strong Motion Array,

Ohrid Lake Macedonia

M Range No. of Eq.M ≤ 3 29

3.1 ≤ M ≤ 4.0 1524.1 ≤ M ≤ 5.0 1145.1 ≤ M ≤ 6.0 266.1 ≤ M ≤ 6.8 9

Total 330

Period: 17.02.1975 - 19.09.1997

Soil Type No. of St. ColorRock 33 Dark brownSoil 33 Light brownUndefined 34 YellowTotal 100

Free Field Strong Motion Stations

Instrumented Buildings

# Stories BH CR MK RSGF+01 2GF+04 1 1GF+12 2GF+13 1GF+14 1GF+15 2GF+18 1 1GF+20 1Total 13

Instrumented Dams

Dam Type BH MK MN RS SIGravity Dams 1 5Arch Dams 1 1Earth Dams 5 1Total 14

MRATINJE DAM (HE PIVA)Pluzine, Montenegro

Dam and spillwaysType of dam Arch, double-curvature

Height 220 m

Length 268 m

Crest width 4.5 m

Base width 45 m

Volume 732,940 m3

Impounds Piva River

ReservoirCreates Piva Lake

Capacity 880,000,000 m3

Catchment area 1,757.7 km2

Surface area 12 km2

Power stationTurbines 3 x 120 MW

Installed capacity 360 MW

SALAKOVAC DAM (HE SALAKOVAC)Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina

Dam and spillwaysType of dam Gravity

Height 70 m

Length

Crest width

Base width

Volume

Impounds Neretva River

ReservoirCreates

Capacity

Power stationTurbines 3 x 70 MW

Installed capacity 210 MW

Period: 17.02.1975 - 19.09.1997

Station Type # Sites/InstrumentsFree field 100/100Dam Body 14 / 55Buildings 13 / 34Total 127 / 189

DescriptionAcceleration

(cm/s2)Velocity (cm/s)

Displacement (cm)

H. Component 1 1.58 – 461.20 0.03 – 67.56 0.01 – 20.07H. Component 2 1.35 – 418.90 0.04 – 57.20 0.01 – 17.24Vertical 1.47 – 370.01 0.05 – 18.92 0.01 – 8.94Total length (s) 2.02 – 91.13Total No. of Records 495

Period: 17.02.1975 - 19.09.1997

http://smbase.itsak.gr

Soil Conditions Records StationsAlluvium 12 5Rock 29 15Stiff soil 46 15Soft soil 22 13Very soft soil 14 7Unknown 34 12TOTAL 157 67

Period: 20-06-1974 31-08-1998

MK, Debar SO Station (Very Soft Soil)Litolo{ko-stratigrafski parametri[Litho-Stratigraphic Parameters]

Fizi~ko-mehani~ki parametri[Velocity Profile]

Kota[Depth]

Debelina[Thickness]

Geolo{ki stolb[Geologic Column]

litplo{kidominanten[Lithological Description]

sostavdodatoci Vp

(m/s)Vs

(m/s)g

(kN/m2)T

(sec.)

+/- 0,0

-1.51.50 Pesok

(Sand)

435 175 15.5 0.03

-13.0

11.50 pesok so glina

[Sand with Clay]

920 320 18.5 0.18

-28.0

25.00~akal i

konglomerat

[Gravel and Conglomerate]

2180 730 21.5 0.26

{krilci[Shale]

3850 1830 26.0 0.26

At 30 meters Depth ( Vs30, T30) 454 0.26

MN, Bar SO Station (Stiff Soil)Litolo{ko-stratigrafski parametri[Litho-Stratigraphic Parameters]

Fizi~ko-mehani~ki parametri[Velocity Profile]

Kota[Depth]

Debelina[Thickness]

Geolo{ki stolb

[Geologic Column]

litplo{kidominanten[Lithological Description]

sostavdodatoci Vp

(m/s)Vs

(m/s)g

(kN/m2)T

(sec.)

+/- 0.0-3.0 3.00 Glina

[Clay]450 200 17.0 0.06

-10.0 7.00 Glina[Clay]

1400

350 18.0 0.14

-33.00 23.00 glina i ~akal[Clay and Gravel]

2050

520 20.0 0.32

-293.0 250.00 fli{[Flysch]

3100

1250 24.0

Varovnici[Limestones]

4500

2300 27.0

At 30 meters Depth ( Vs30, T30) 408 0.29

EU-SMDB 35 (57)

Summary on Performed Site Specific Field Measurements and Laboratory Tests

# Requirement DescriptionQty

[ToR v2.0]Qty [total]

1 Site Characterization Borehole (B30)

Depth 30m, un-cased, sampling for dynamic laboratory and liquefaction susceptibility testing, three (3) samples per horizon; standard geotechnical report

70 70

2 Instrument placing Borehole (BI30) Depth 30m, cased, standard geotechnical report. 7 7

3Vs shear wave velocity measurements in B30 borehole

Method: P.S. suspension logging, detail report. 70 70

4 In citu rock properties in B30 borehole

Pressuremeter (Elastmeter) test, for 3 selected boreholes, only - 3

5Shallow seismic refraction measurements

Two (Nos. 2) orthogonal 100-120m, in total max 250m, geophysical profiles, data processing, report on litho-stratigraphic and geotechnical characteristics, and Vp and Vs velocity profile

70 75

6 Ground noise measurements

One (1) month continuous ground noise recording, data processing. 70 70

7 Soil Testing Laboratory

Engineering properties of soils and soil index properties 140 148

8 Soil Testing Laboratory

Unconfined compressive strength test of rocks with (and without) deformation measurements. - 85 + (3)

9 Dynamic Soil Testing Laboratory

Material curves [(G-), (-)] for characteristic soil materials. 140 142

10 Liquefaction susceptibility testing Sands from surface or near surface layers, only. 36 42

Schema of Geophysical Site Characterization Database Segment Including Internal/External Links with Other Seismic Database Tables

Table: GEOPHYSICS_METADATA· Foreign Keys;· Geodetic Survey Parameters· Parameters of Geophysical

survey· Field Geophysical

Measurements, Data acquisition and Data Processing Parameters

· Geodetic Survey Data · Geophysical Survey/

Interpretation Data· Administrative, Archiving

Parameters· Maintainers’ Information

Table: GEOPHYSICS_PROFILE_DATA· Litho-Stratigraphy Data, and· Interpreted Velocity Model Data

Geodetic Survey and Coordinate Definition Specific Tables (Preset, Dynamic):· GEOD_SURVEY_METHOD· HORIZONTAL_DATUM· PROJECTION· VERTICAL_DATUM

MAIN DATABASE

Geophysics Survey Specific Tables (Preset, Dynamic):

· GEOPH_EQUIPMENT· GEOPH_SURVEY_METHOD· GEOPHONE_TYPE· SEISMIC_SOURCE· GEOPH _ACQ_SOFTWARE· GEOPH _PROC_SOFTWARE· GEOPH_RAW_DATA_FMT· GEOPH_SURVEY_QUALITY· GEO_STANDARDS

Table: SITE_DESIGNATION

All Geotechnical Site Characterization Specific Tables (Preset, Dynamic):· GROUND_TYPOLOGY· LITHOLOGY_DESCRIPTION

Tables Specific to all Geographic Designations (Preset, Dynamic):· COUNTRY· ADMINLEV01· ADMINLEV02· ADMINLEV03· ADMINLEV04· ADMINLEV05

Criteria on Quality of Surface Geophysical Survey and Data Interpretation

Quality Qualitygrade

Surface Geophysical Survey combined with

Excellent 1Borehole coupled with borehole geophysical (velocity profile) measurements (downhole, crosshole, PS suspension measurements) and laboratory testing of soil samples (moisture content, dry density, LL/PL, void ratio /porosity/).

High 2Borehole coupled with in-citu measurement of soil/rock mechanical properties (SPT, CPT, elastmeter /Pressuremeter/) or corresponding laboratory testing of soil samples (UCST, other)

Good 3Borehole coupled with in-citu SPT or CPT measurements of soil/soft rock mechanical properties and laboratory testing of soil samples (moisture content, dry density, LL/PL, void ratio /porosity/).

Acceptable4

Borehole coupled with lithology logging in accordance with ASTM D5434-97 “Standard Guide for Field Logging of Subsurface Explorations of Soil and Rock” (http://www.astm.org).

5 Geophysical survey coupled with other non-invasive surface seismic techniques (point/array ground noise measurements)

Nominal 6 Standalone geophysical survey.

DATABASE

Seismic Monitoring, Macedonia

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DEBAR

OHRID

STRUGA

GOSTIVAR

KICEVO

TETOVO

RESEN

KRUSEVO

BROD

BITOLA

D. HISAR

PRILEP

SKOPJE

KUMANOVO

T. VELES

SV. NIKOLE

STIP

KAVADARCI

NEGOTINO

PROBISTIP

K. PALANKA

KRATOVO

KOCANI

GEVGELIJA

RADOVIS

VALANDOVO

DELCEVO

VINICA

BEROVO

STRUMICA

250 50 km

41.0°

41.5°

42.0°

23.0

°

22.5

°

21.5

°

21.0

°

Magnitude4.0 - 4.54.6 - 5.05.1 - 5.55.6 - 6.06.1 - 6.5

6.6 - 7.0

7.1 - 7.5

7.6 - 8.0

Seismotectonic and Maximum Observed Seismic Intensity Map

SEISMOLOGICAL AND STRONG MOTION NETWORK

Y u g o s l a v i aA

l

b a

n

i

a

G r e c e e

B u l g a r i a

Location Structure Free field Total

Skopje 17 12 29

Dams and locations of future dams 28 19 47

Bridges 9 3 12

Other locations 0 15 15

Total number of instruments 54 49 103

Strong Motion Network of Macedonia

SMA-1 Accelerographs

NATO SfP 984374 | Improvements in the Harmonized Seismic Hazard Maps for the Western Balkan Countries

NATO SfP 983054 | BSHAP

NATO SfP 984374 | Improvements in the Harmonized Seismic Hazard Maps

for the Western Balkan Countries

NATO SfP 983054 | BSHAP

The 3D Strong Motion Array, Ohrid Lake Macedonia

Commencement 1976Realization in three phases:• Phase I (1980 – 1985):

o Investigations: (Geotechnical, Geophysical, Hydrotechnical)

o Installation of the entire array• Phase II (1986 – 1988):

o Testing (excitations, field forced vibration, frequency range 2 – 40 cpc)

• Phase III (1989 – …….):o Exploatation of the networko Several earthquakes (M = 5.0 – 5.5; Albania,

Greece, Macedonia)

[Installed or under installation] Arrays and dense networks:

· Valle del Sacco (Italy) biaxial array installed in May 1984 (ENEA).

· Ohrid Lake, (Macedonia) TRIAXIAL array in operation since 1989 (OH).

· Umbria (Italy) biaxial array in operation since 1992 (ENEA). · Volvi (Greece) biaxial network installed in 1994, (VOLV). · Aterno Valley (Italy) triaxial array put in operation in early

1996 (SSN). · Granada Basin (Spain) array installed in 1996 (GB) · Friuli (Italy) biaxial array (UT).

INTERPRETATION OF STRONG-MOTION RECORDS FOR ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS STRONG-MOTION DEVELOPMENT AND RESEARCH IN EUROPE; Report, August 1998 (http://www.eaee.boun.edu.tr/bulletins/v17n2/tg2rep.htm)

Plan of Sites of the Ohrid Lake Strong Motion Three Dimensional ArrayL1 - Building site; L2 and L3 characteristic soil; L4 - Outcroping rock

DENSE 3D STRONG MOTION ARRAYOHRID LAKE VALLEY

Outcropping rock (3 Ch)

Free field(9 Ch)

Instrumented Buildingincluding the soil profile

up to the bedrock (36 Ch)

Foundation

Location-1: Building. 9th storyBuilding. 6th storyFoundation, FlFouodation, F2Foundation, F3Foundation, F4Surface, S 1Downhole, B1 (101 m)Downhole, B2 (22.9 m)Downhole, B3 (13 m)

Location-2: Surface, S 1 Downhole, B1 (125 m)Downhole, B2 (22. m)Downhole, B3 (9,5 m)

Location-3: Surface, S 1 Downhole, B1 (99.6 m)Downhole, B2 (21.5 m)Downhole, B3 (9 m)

Location-4: Outcropping rock R1