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Afid1muteteindicates that biosorption of Fe increased with the acid treatmentusing 0.1% sulphuric acid

doi:10.1016/j.nbt.2009.06.602

S

.1.54

hallenges in microalgae biofuels

. Fernández F.G. ∗ , J.M. Fernández-Sevilla, E. Molina Grima

Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Almería, E04120 Almería,pain

ecently the production of biofuels from photosynthetic microor-anisms as microalgae has gathered great interest due to severaley reasons related to environmental and sustainability aspectserived from the use of this type of microorganisms. They can takep CO2 and other contaminants directly from flue gases, do noteed good quality water or land that could be useful for agricul-

ural purposes, etc. In addition, the photosynthetic efficiency oficroalgae is attained several times by the use of higher plants.n the basis of these matters, analyses from different sourcesave hinted that this is a highly interesting technical possibil-

ty and multiple companies have emerged in this field. However,lthough microalgal biotechnology has been in development fromhe 1960s, the knowledge about this type of microorganisms andhe technology available today do not allow to implement indus-rial processes with this objective yet.

This work reviews and summarizes the most relevant con-ributions in this field from the past years. In this sense, theechnologies and systems currently used are revised and the via-ility of the derived processes is assessed. Analysis of these dataevealed the major aspects to be taken into account in the designnd operation of this type of processes, and specially the lim-ts that can be achievable. From the experience of our group inhe past 20 years an in-depth analysis of a semi-industrial facil-ty is performed from both the energetic and economical point ofiew. The analysis of this case-study allows revealing the majorhallenges to be faced to achieve a process economically feasi-le. Finally a microalgae-based biofuel process is proposed takingnto account the conclusions of the analysis performed and theey requirements to be met to accomplish economic feasibility areighlighted.

oi:10.1016/j.nbt.2009.06.599

.1.55

ptimization Phas production by Cupriavidus necatorrom molasses and acetate as substrate

. Sharifzadeh Baei

Islamic Azad University, Ayatollah Amoli Branch, Amol, Islamic Republic of Iran

n present research we used molasses and acetate as combina-ional substrate.molasses permeate from sugar industry which wasydrolyzed to cleave its main carbon source, to glucose. Theydrolysis products were chosen as carbon sources for the produc-

ion of poly-3-hydroxybutyric acid (PHB) by Cupriavidus necator.

he application of hydrolyzed molasses permeate turned out to bedvantageous compared with the utilization of pure sugars. There-ore, fermentation under controlled conditions (250 rpm shakingate, 15 hours for inoculum age, 60 hours fermentation time and

268 www.elsevier.com/locate/nbt

New Biotechnology · Volume 25S · September 2009

emperature at 30◦C) was performed and as a result, maximumolymer concentration, was 2.86 g/l.

oi:10.1016/j.nbt.2009.06.600

.1.56

ptimization Phas production from cheese whey by Azo-ydromonas lata

. Sharifzadeh Baei

Department of Chemical Engineering, Noshirvani University of Technology,abol, Islamic Republic of Iran

n present research we used whey as substrate permeate fromairy industry which was hydrolyzed to cleave its main car-on source, lactose, to glucose and galactose. The hydrolysisroducts were chosen as carbon sources for the production ofoly-3-hydroxybutyric acid (PHB) by Azohydromonas lata. Theiosynthesis of PHA copolyesters containing 3-hydroxybutyrate3HB). The application of hydrolyzed whey permeate turned outo be advantageous compared with the utilization of pure sug-rs. Therefore, fermentation under controlled conditions (250 rpmhaking rate, 15 hours for inoculum age, 60 hours fermentationime and temperature at 30◦C) was performed and as a result,

aximum polymer concentration, was 3.37 g/l.

oi:10.1016/j.nbt.2009.06.601

.1.57

he effect of acid treatment on Klebsiella oxytoca foriosorption of iron

.T. Park

Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST)-Gangneung Institute,angneung, Republic of Korea

s known iron-reduced bacteria, Klebsiella oxytoca were collectedrom the Acid mine drainage at Yeong-dong, Korea and weredentified by 16s-rDNA for analyze sequence of bacteria. Yeong-ong mine wastewater contaminated with 209.6 mg/L of Fe and1.4 mg/L. For increasing adsorption ability on the surface of cellembrane, sulphuric acid, hydrochloric acid and nitric acid were

sed to activate the functional group of outer cell of Klebsiella oxy-oca. Point one percentage of sulphuric was selected as the mostffective acid treatment. Treatment using 0.1% sulphuric acid hadhe influence to increase the amount of uptake Fe and adsorptionfficiency increased to 194.7 mg/L. The results from SEM and FT-IR