optimisation guideline pa2

8/10/2019 Optimisation Guideline PA2

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Radio NetworkOptimization

Guideline
http://www.netcomconsultants.com/


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Revision HistoryRevision Date Comment Author _______________________

PA1 2005-05-03 First Draft Johan Brsj, Netcom Consutants

PA2 2005-05-05 Correction of s!ein"an# structure Johan Brsj, Netcom Consutants

Table of Contents1 Scope and Purpose of Document.................................................................................4

2 Introduction..................................................................................................................4

3 Neih!or Ana"#sis.......................................................................................................4

3.1 Ana"#sis of e$istin neih!ors.............................................................................43.1.1 %indin non&mutua" neih!ors.....................................................................'

3.1.2 Correct non&mutua" neih!ors.....................................................................'

3.1.3 %indin neih!ors (ith same )CC* in source and taret ce""....................'3.1.4 De"ete or correct neih!ors (ith same )CC* in source and taret ce"".... .+

3.2 Add ,issin Neih!ors.......................................................................................+

3.3 Remove not re-uired neih!ors...........................................................................4 %re-uenc# P"annin...................................................................................................../

4.1 Choose %re-uenc# P"annin ,ethodo"o#........................................................../

4.2 Ana"#sis of e$istin fre-uenc# p"an...................................................................11

4.3 Creation of a ne( fre-uenc# p"an......................................................................12' Antenna *eiht0 Aimuth and i"t Ana"#sis..............................................................13

'.1 Identif# overshootin ce""s and optimie antenna ti"ts0 heihts and aimuths. .13

+ Ana"#sis of Drive est ofi"es.................................................................................1+.1 Drive est ,ethodo"o#....................................................................................1

+.2 Ana"#sis of scannin data..................................................................................1

+.3 Ana"#sis of dedicated mode data 5"on ca""6......................................................27 Ana"#sis of statistics..................................................................................................23

.1 Ana"#sis of dai"# reports....................................................................................23

)SS Parameter Settins.............................................................................................2+.1 8enera" uide"ines.............................................................................................2+

.2 Pa9te" defau"t settins........................................................................................2

/ Capacit# P"annin......................................................................................................2

/.1 Averain of traffic............................................................................................2/.2 C* and SDCC* capacit# dimensionin.........................................................2

17 ocation Area Dimensionin.................................................................................2

17.1 CCC* channe" confiurations...........................................................................217.2 Pain statistics.................................................................................................2

11 Appendi$ A............................................................................................................2/

11.1 Summar# of optimiation f"o(..........................................................................2/11.1.1 Neih!ors...................................................................................................2/

11.1.2 %re-uenc# P"an..........................................................................................2/

11.1.3 Antenna :ptimiation................................................................................37


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11.1.4 Drive ests.................................................................................................31

11.1.' Statistics.....................................................................................................3211.1.+ )SS Parameters.........................................................................................32

11.1. SDCC* and C* Capacit#.......................................................................3212 Appendi$ )............................................................................................................3412.1 )ase!and or s#nthesied fre-uenc# hoppin;...................................................34


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1 Scope and Purpose of Documenthis document descri!es the optimiation process that shou"d !e used in Pa9te"


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3 Nei!bor "nalysis

3.1 Analysis of existing neighbors

%o""o(in needs to !e chec9ed of the e$istin neih!or definitions@1. Non&mutua" neih!ors

2. Neih!ors (ith same )CC* in source and taret ce""

3#1#1 $indin non%mutual nei!bors

A"" neih!ors in Pa9te"$ce" to chec9 if there are an# non&mutua" neih!ors in the

net(or9.

:ne e$amp"e of ho( to find non&mutua" neih!ors in >$ce" is descri!ed !e"o(@

>$amp"e0 :ne&(a# neih!orsAssume there are three ce""s A)C10 A)C2 and A)C3. A)C1 and A)C2 have a mutua"

neih!or re"ation and A)C1 and A)C3 have a non&mutua" neih!or re"ation. o findnon&mutua" neih!ors it is recommended to concatenate the Ce"" IDs in t(o different

co"umns for(ards and !ac9(ards and fina""# use Bv"oo9up formu"a to find out if the

each sin"e item in co"umn 1 5named concat16 can !e found in co"umn 2 5named concat26as sho(n !e"o(@Source Cell Target Cell concat1 cancat2 vlookup

ABC1 ABC2 ABC1ABC2 ABC2ABC1 ABC1ABC2

ABC2 ABC1 ABC2ABC1 ABC1ABC2 ABC2ABC1

ABC1 ABC3 ABC1ABC3 ABC3ABC1 #N/A

Table ! Table showin" how to find one#way nei"hbors

Since A)C1 and A)C2 have a mutua" neih!or re"ation the B"oo9up co"umn returns

the correct te$t strins. he neih!or re"ation A)C1 to A)C3 is one&(a# and is found !#

Bv"oo9up !# returnin BEN=A.

3#1#2 Correct non%mutual nei!bors

.If non&mutua" neih!ors are found the neih!or definition shou"d !e de"eted or definedas mutua".

3#1#3 $indin nei!bors &it! same 'CCH in source and taret cell

In order for the ,S to distinuish !et(een the servin ce"" and its neih!ors and tominimie handover pro!"ems0 source ce"" and taret ce"" in a neih!or re"ation must have

different )CC* fre-uencies.o find neih!or re"ations (ith same )CC* fre-uencies for !oth source and taret ce"" it

is recommended to use the adacent ce"" e$ce" sheet from the :,C&R and add source ce""

)CC* and taret )CC* on the same ro(. hen simp"# use the formu"a B>$act to findout if the )CC* fre-uencies for source ce"" and taret ce""s are the same as sho(n !e"o(@


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Source Cell Source BCCH Target Cell Target BCCH Exact

ABC1 996 ABC2 998 A!SE

ABC2 998 ABC1 996 A!SE

ABC1 996 ABC3 996 T"E

Table $! Table showin" how to find source and tar"et cells with same B%%& frequencies

As sho(n in a!"e 2A)C1 and A)C3 have same )CC* and is found !# the Be$act

formu"a !# returnin the va"ue BRF> in co"umn B>$act.

3#1#( Delete or correct nei!bors &it! same 'CCH in source andtaret cell

Neih!ors (ith same )CC* fre-uenc# for source and taret ce"" must !e de"eted. If theneih!or is re-uired the )CC* fre-uenc# of either the source ce"" or taret ce"" must !e

chaned.

3.2 Add Missing Neighbors

o ma9e it possi!"e to do handovers neih!or definitions are re-uired. If there is an#missin neih!ors in the net(or9 the !est servers cannot !e a""ocated. As a resu"t the

customer perceived coverae and -ua"it# (i"" !e (orse than the actua" situation and cause

an increased Ca"" Drop Rate. herefore it is essentia" that there are no missin neih!orsin the net(or9. o find a"" missin neih!ors !oth drive test "ofi"es and e$istin

neih!ors disp"a#ed in Asset must !een ana"#ed. Drive tests shou"d inc"ude !oth a ,S in

scannin mode 5)CC* fre-uencies6 and a ,S in dedicated mode. If the ,S in scanninmode found a ce"" (ith hiher sina" strenth than the ce"" that is a""ocated !# the ,S in

dedicated mode and a handover is not made to the !est scanned ce""0 the neih!or ispro!a!"# missin. )e"o( the dedicated mode and the stronest scanned fre-uenc# are

compared. As "on as the ,S in dedicated mode is usin the same fre-uenc# as thestronest scanned channe" no neih!ors are missin@


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Note that sometimes neih!ors far a(a# are re-uired accordin to >,S measurements.he so"ution is to ti"t the ce"" that covers too far instead of addin a neih!or re"ation if

possi!"e.

)e"o( a simp"e process of findin missin neih!ors is descri!ed@

1. Create a ta! de"imited .t$t import fi"e from the adacenc# fi"e from the :,C as

sho(n !e"o(@NB"$CE!!$"%& NB"$CE!!$T% H%$&A"'(N

)EE3 )!(3 3*

)EE3 )!(1 3*

)EE2 )!(1 3*

Table -! (xample of .sset nei"hbor import file

2. Import the .t$t fi"e inc"udin a"" neih!ors in to Asset usin 8S,

Import=neih!orsG Asset p"ot

3. Chec9 each ce"" one !# one if there are an# o!vious neih!ors missin

G Asset p"ot

4. Ana"#e >,S drive test "ofi"es to find missin neih!ors !# comparin the

servin ce"" of the ,S in dedicated mode (ith the stronest scanned fre-uenc#

'. Create a ne( .t$t fi"e inc"udin a"" ne( neih!ors and import into Asset

+. Send (or9 order to :,C to add a"" missin neih!ors

. After a"" (or9 orders have !een imp"emented0 chec9 the neih!ors from the :,C

are the same as the ne( .t$t fi"e to verif# that a"" ne( p"anned neih!ors have!een added to the radio net(or9

3.3 Remove not required neighbors

It shou"d !e avoided the ce""s far a(a# are capturin traffic 5prefera!"# (ith correct

antenna ti"tin6. Ca""s served !# ce""s far a(a# (i"" have an increased ris9 for droppedca""s since the fadin 5variation6 of the sina" "eve" is hih.

oo man# neih!ors are in enera" not a !i pro!"em. ,an# neih!or definitions per ce""s"iht"# reduce the time for the ,S to measure on each sin"e neih!or. As a resu"t

handovers (i"" !e !ased on "ess re"ia!"e measurements and there miht !e a sma"" ris9

that handovers are done to non&!est servers. ,issin neih!ors resu"t more often in


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dropped ca""s than too man# neih!ors. herefore it is better to ha,e too many

nei"hbors than missin" nei"hbors.o find neih!ors that sha"" !e removed is more difficu"t than to find missin neih!ors

and shou"d !e done ver# carefu""#. +f a required nei"hbor is remo,ed call drop ratewill be increased immediately.

o find not re-uired neih!ors it is recommended to

1. Fse statistics sho(in num!er of handover attempts per da# for a"" neih!ors andthen remove the neih!ors sho(in that ver# fe( handover attempts are made.

2. A"" neih!ors than are "ocated more than 3' 9m a(a# can !e removed

3. If ne( sites have !een added neih!ors can !e removed if it is ver# c"ear that the

o"d neih!ors are not re-uired an#more.

( $re)uency Plannin4.1 Choose requen!y "lanning Methodology

A ood fre-uenc# p"an is necessar# to create ood -ua"it# and C=I va"ues in the net(or9.

he fre-uenc# p"an can !e adusted to compensate for !ad site "ocations e.. hih sites

can have a more "oose fre-uenc# re&use to avoid interference and "o( sites can use atihter re&use (hich shou"d not cause an# -ua"it# pro!"ems if the ce"" coverae is (e""

contro""ed. o !e a!"e to create the !est possi!"e fre-uenc# p"an0 9no("ede of the actua"

coverae from each ce"" is important.here are three !asic (a#s of a""ocatin fre-uencies@

1. Deterministic A""ocation

An# fre-uencies can !e a""ocated in an# sectors.

2. 8roup P"annin

%re-uencies are defined in different fre-uenc# roups i.e. the first roup of

fre-uencies sha"" !e used for sector10 second roup of fre-uencies sha"" !e used forsector2 and the third roup of fre-uencies sha"" !e used for sector3.

3. Automatic %re-uenc# P"annin e.. ISA%re-uencies are a""ocated automatica""# !# a too" to minimie the interference !ased

on predictions and a cost matri$.

here man# different opinions of (hich fre-uenc# p"annin methodo"o# that is the !estto use. Fsua""# a com!ination of a"" three fre-uenc# p"annin methodo"oies resu"ts in the

!est net(or9 -ua"it# in a !i net(or9 coverin !oth rura" and dense ur!an areas. It isimportant to understand (hen a specific fre-uenc# p"annin methodo"o# is most

suita!"e. his uide"ine recommends fo""o(in@

1. %ities with more than / sites use "roup plannin" since predictions are usua""#

not ver# accurate in cities due to a mi$ture of !ui"dins (ith different sies and(ide0 straiht streets. Ce""s that are facin out from the cit# that are coverae


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"imited can use fre-uencies from other roups to minimie interference in the

outs9irts of the cit# if a""ocated carefu""#. )e"o( an e$amp"e of a fre-uenc#a""ocation used in Pesha(ar is sho(n@

'i"ure -! (xample of a frequency allocation based on "roup plannin" used in 0eshawar

Automatic or deterministic fre-uenc# p"annin miht resu"t in fundamenta"mista9es !# a""ocatin the same fre-uencies to ce""s shootin into each other as

sho(n in the fiure !e"o(@

'i"ure 1! (xample of bad frequency allocation where same frequencies are shootin" into each

other

)# usin roup p"annin there is no ris9 that antennas (ith crossin aimuths (i""!e a""ocated the same fre-uenc# since on"# sectors shootin in the same directions

can have the same fre-uencies.

Note do N: use a strict fre-uenc# re&use (here sites are divided into A0 )0 C0and D etc as sho(n !e"o( since the f"e$i!i"it# of a""ocatin fre-uencies free"#

(ithin each fre-uenc# roup is removed@

'i"ure 2! . strict frequency "roup pattern that is NOT recommended to use


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2. Rural .reas and cities with less than / sites use automatic frequency

plannin" or deterministic plannin". If there are ver# fe( sites the !est possi!"e

fre-uenc# p"an can !e made as fe( restrictions as possi!"e. 8roup p"annin mihtresu"t in tihter fre-uenc# reuse than necessar#. Due to the "imited num!er of sitesit is eas# to ma9e sure that ce""s (ith different aimuths (ith same fre-uencies are

shootin into each other even if not roup p"annin is used.

4.2 Analysis of existing frequen!y #lan

o chec9 if the e$istin fre-uenc# p"an needs to !e modified or !e rep"aced !# a ne(fre-uenc# p"an fo""o(in steps must to !e done@

1. Create a ta! de"imited .t$t Asset import fi"e from the adacent ce"" "ist from :,C&

R as sho(n !e"o(@

Table 1! .sset %arrier +mport 'ile

2. Import the .t$t fi"e in to Asset (ith 8S, Import=Import carriers.

3. Create an interference arra# in Asset to find possi!"e pro!"em areas. An

interference p"ot from Asset is sho(n !e"o(@

'i"ure 3! +nterference plot from .sset showin" possible problem areas*

Note that there miht !e areas (ith !ad -ua"it# that are not found !# Asset !ut can !e

found (ith drive tests.

4. Fse the fre-uenc# re&use option in Asset to p"ot the !est server areas usin same

fre-uencies (ith same co"ors.

G Asset p"ot of fre-uenc# reuse


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'i"ure 4! +nterference prediction before optimizin" frequency plan

6* Ana"#e interference "eve"s and identif# pro!"em areas

/* Rep"ace !ad fre-uenc# a""ocations (ith ne( fre-uencies !# usin the fre-uenc#

re&use option in Asset to find !etter fre-uencies. Fpdate the ne( fre-uencies !#updatin the import fi"e. 7O NOT 807.T( 'R(98(N%+(S 7+R(%T:; +N.SS(T


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2* erif# that a"" imp"emented fre-uencies are imp"emented correct"# !# comparin

the ne( )CC* a""ocations in the !ac9round parameters from the :,C (ith thep"anned fre-uencies in the import fi"e

3* ?hen ne( fre-uencies=(or9 orders are imp"emented in the net(or9 drive testsmust !e done immediate"# to verif# the ne( fre-uenc# p"an and to ma9e sure that

a"" sites are !ac9 on air proper"# if the )SS data!ase (as rep"aced

* "ntenna Hei!t+ ",imut! and Tilt "nalysis

%.1 &dentify overshooting !ells and o#timi'e antenna tilts(heights and a'imuths

*avin ood site "ocations and site desins i.e. sites (ith correct heihts0 no o!stac"es

and to coverae area of importance are essentia" to et ood net(or9 -ua"it#. Net(or9-ua"it# can !e improved !# optimiation of antenna ti"t0 heihts and aimuths !utoptimiation can never ta9e the net(or9 -ua"it# to a hiher "eve" than the restrictions

set !# the current site "ocations. herefore it is of the outmost importance that radio

p"anners ma9e sure that ne( site "ocations are the !est possi!"e (hen creatin thenomina" p"an and acceptin the sites at !oth SSRs and SS stae of the ro""out.

o minimie interference "eve"s in the net(or9 ce""s must not cover more than

p"anned. Ce""s havin too !i !est server areas or havin discontinuous !est serverareas must !e do(n ti"ted*.ntennas must NOT be down tilted if@

Coverae of the ce"" is a"read# !ad in the p"anned !est server area

he Bovershootin is ver# (ea9 i.e. the coverae far a(a# is ver# poor !ut

no other ce"" covers that area.

he re-uired sina" strenth it the !est server area is defined !# the verification "eve"s(hich is the desin "eve" H outdoor fadin marin 5from "in9 !udets6. 8sually a

"ood le,el in the best ser,er area in dense urban should be around #42 dBm*

+t is NOT recommended to ad=ust antenna azimuths from the nominal azimuths since different antenna aimuths can cause -ua"it# pro!"ems to other sites and ma9es

fre-uenc# p"annin more difficu"t. Antenna aimuths different from nomina"

directions is on"# : for specia" cases e.. road sites or sites on cit# !order0 sites ne$tto mountains etc.

:vershootin ce""s can !e identified !#@1. ,a9e drive tests (ith an ,S in scannin mode 5use )SIC decodin6 and

prefera!"# (ith an additiona" ,S in dedicated mode


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2. >$port the >,S "ofi"es to ,apinfo. he information e"ements that shou"d !e

e$ported are at "east BStronest Scanned AR%CN and BStronest ScannedR$ev. It is recommended to e$port these information e"ement (ith arument 70

1 and 2 to et the 3 stronest ce""s in each "ocation as sho(n !e"o(@

'i"ure 6! (xport window from T()S showin" the export from T()S to )apinfo of

scannin" data

3. Chec9 the !est server areas !# p"ottin Stronest Scanned AR%CN (ith differentco"ors and "oo9 for overshootin as sho(n !e"o(@


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'i"ure /! Stron"est Scanned .R'%N from T()S plotted in )apinfo

Note sectors can !e sho(n (ith the same co"or as the )CC* a""ocated (hich

ma9es it eas# to see (hich ce"" that providin coverae in the area. It a"so ma9esit easier to find s(apped feeders as sho(n !e"o(@

'i"ure ! 0lot showin" how a feeder swap is detected by "i,in" sectors and measured

frequencies different colors*

.

4. Identif# ho( much the sina" "eve" must !e reduced to remove the overshootin.

In the fiure !e"o( a sma"" overshootin is identified !ut the !est server has on"#1 d! hiher sina" "eve" than second !est@


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'i"ure $! 0lot showin" how much the o,ershootin" cell must be attenuated in order to

remo,e o,ershootin"

herefore 3 d) to ' d) attenuation of the overshootin ce"" (ou"d comp"ete"#

remove the overshootin.

'. Identif# the heiht difference !et(een the ce"" and the area of interest

Gp"ot of heiht profi"e in Asset

+. Identif# the antenna t#pe used in the ce""

. Fse an >$ce" sheet that ta9es the antenna diaram and the heiht difference of the

ce"" and area of interest into account to ca"cu"ate the re-uired ti"t to et there-uired reduction of sina" strenth. )e"o( an e$amp"e of an >$ce" ca"cu"ation

is sho(n (here the antenna ain of the main "o!e at round "eve" is ca"cu"ated.


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'i"ure -! 0lot from an (xcel pro"ram that calculates the "ain of the antenna main lobe where

the main lobe hits the "round*

*ence put in different ti"ts or heihts and see (hat the e$pected chane in sina"

strenth (i"" !e. Remem!er to use the antenna pattern for antenna used in the ce""

of interest. :ther(ise fau"t# antenna ti"t decisions (i"" !e made.

- "nalysis of Drive Test .ofiles

).1 *rive +est Methodology

Drive tests are necessar# to et a ood understandin of the actua" -ua"it# in the net(or9.

Statistics and predictions miht not ive #ou the fu"" picture of a"" net(or9 pro!"ems e..

missin neih!ors or -ua"it# pro!"ems. It is recommended to use t(o ,Ss (hen drive

testin for optimiation purposes. :ne ,S in dedicated mode 5"on ca""6 to measure-ua"it# and one ,S in scannin mode to scan a"" )CC* fre-uencies 5tic9 the decode

)SIC !o$6 to measure coverae and !est server areas. %or simp"icit# reasons it is

recommended to a"(a#s define the )S in dedicated mode as )S and the )S in

scannin" mode as )S$.

7o NOT use an )S in +dle )ode since there is no ,alue of idle mode measurements since the id"e mode !ehavior is different from the dedicated mode and coverae and !est

server areas (i"" !e affected !# possi!"e missin neih!ors and s"o( ,S measurements.


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).2 Analysis of s!anning data

Scannin data sha"" !e used for verif#in coverae and overshootin since the scannindata is not affected !# missin neih!ors0 handover marins or fau"t# )SS parameter

settins as id"e mode or dedicated mode measurements are.

It is recommended to do fo""o(in steps to ana"#e the scannin data@

1. >$port the information e"ements Stronest Scanned AR%CN and Stronest

Scanned R$ev for ,S2 5,S used for scannin6 for the 3 stronest scanned

channe"s i.e. (ith arument 10 2 and 3 to ,apinfo format as sho(n !e"o(.

'i"ure 1! T()S (xport to )apinfo

2. P"ot the stronest scanned R$ev in ,apinfo and create a "eend that sho(s

indoor coverae0 in&car coverae and outdoor coverae as sho(n !e"o(@


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'i"ure 2! Stron"est Scanned Rx:e, plot

3. Chec9 for !ad overae near sites and identif# sites that are not transmittin and

ce""s (ith poor coverae and investiate possi!"e reasons. Panoramic pictures0statistics and a"arms can !e a ood he"p to find causes to pro!"ems.

4. P"ot the stronest scanned AR%CN and create a "eend inc"udin a"" )CC*fre-uencies.

'i"ure 3! Stron"est Scanned .R'%N plot

Note@ if havin more than 1+ fre-uencies for )CC* ,apinfo (i"" !e una!"e to

ive a"" fre-uencies a uni-ue co"or so ana"#e the fre-uencies outside the "eende$tra carefu""# or divide the fre-uencies into t(o roups.


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'. Ana"#e overshootin and undefined coverae i.e. areas covered !# man# ce""s

(ith appro$imate"# the same sina" "eve". If sites are overshootin0 chec9 ho(stron the second !est server is and define ho( much the sina" "eve" of the

overshootin ce"" must !e reduced as sho(n in %iure 10 see chapter ' for moredetai"s of ma9in ti"t decisions.

).3 Analysis of dedi!ated mode data ,long !all-

he main purposes of the dedicated mode measurements are to find -ua"it# pro!"ems and

missin neih!ors.

It is recommended to do ana"#e the dedicated mode measurements in fo""o(in steps@1. >$port most of the information e"ements re"ated to dedicated mode for ,S1 5,S

in dedicated mode6. he most important information e"ements are@ R$evSu!0

R$Jua"Su!0 AR%CN )CC*0 C=I ?orst0 Neih!or ce"" R$ev0 Neih!or ce""

AR%CN0 Ce"" Name0 *oppin and A.

'i"ure 4! T()S export of dedicated mode data to )apinfo

Note0 use su! va"ues for R$ev and R$Jua" (hen DK is activated in the

net(or9

2. P"ot R$evSu! in ,apinfo. oo9 for areas (ith !ad coverae near sites that

miht indicate pro!"ems "i9e missin neih!ors. Pro!"ems can a"so !e found !#


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comparin the coverae from the scannin measurements and dedicated mode

measurements. Coverae shou"d !e a"most the same if there are no pro!"ems.

'i"ure 5! Rx:e,Sub from the )S in dedicated mode

3. P"ot AR%CN )CC* and compare (ith stronest scanned AR%CN to find

overshootin. he dedicated mode data he"ps to identif# the ce"" of the

overshootin ce"" since ce"" ID can !e e$ported and (i"" !e sho(n !# c"ic9in onthe dedicated mode measurements in ,apinfo.

'i"ure 6! .R'%N B%%& from the )S in dedicated mode

4. P"ot C=I ?orst in ,apinfo and create a suita!"e "eend and identif# !ad -ua"it#

areas. C=I va"ues L 12 d) are considered as ood and C=I va"ues M / d) areconsidered as !ad.


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'i"ure $/! %>+


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. Issue (or9 orders to so"ve -ua"it# pro!"ems. erif# that a"" (or9 orders are imp"emented

/ "nalysis of statistics

.1 Analysis of daily re#orts

Statistics is ver# ood to for identif#in pro!"ematic ce""s since a"" ce""s are covered and

man# ca""s are inc"uded. *ence a ood ru"e is to use statistics to find the -ua"it# pro!"ems

and to use drive test find the specific reasons for the -ua"it# pro!"ems. o ma9e it easierto find the pro!"ems it is recommended to sho( the statistics eoraphica""# in Asset or

,apinfo (ith a co"or "eend. .lways use bouncin" busy hour ,alues when analyzin"

quality A0+s. Area or net(or9 !us# hour does not ive a correct picture of net(or9-ua"it# since man# ce""s miht have "o( traffic resu"tin in "o( interference "eve"s. *ence

possi!"e -ua"it# pro!"ems (i"" not !e detected if not !ouncin !us# hour va"ues are used.

o find pro!"ematic ce""s it is recommended to chec9 at "east fo""o(in statistics@

1. Ca"" Drop Rate 5CDR6

*ih CDR can !e caused !# missin neih!ors0 !ad -ua"it# or *? pro!"ems. Ce""s

that are coverae "imited e.. ce""s on cit# !orders usua""# have a hiher CDR thance""s in the cit# centre. %ocus on "o(erin CDR for ce""s in cit# centre first.

'i"ure $$! %all 7rop Rate presented "eo"raphically

2. Carried raffic

Ce""s (ith no traffic or ver# "o( traffic can have *? pro!"ems0 ver# !ad -ua"it# or

possi!"e no !est server areas.


25/36

'i"ure $-! %arried traffic shown "eo"raphically

3. *andover success rate

o( handover success rate can !e an indication of !ad )CC* fre-uenc# a""ocation0possi!"e missin neih!ors causin handovers to non !est servers or to man# *: of

urent t#pe e.. "eve"0 -ua"it# or interference handovers.

'i"ure $1! +ncomin" and out"oin" &O success rate


26/36

4. Percentae of -ua"it# and interference handovers

,an# -ua"it# and interference handovers indicates !ad -ua"it# and man# "eve" andman# "eve" handovers indicate poor coverae.

'i"ure $2! &O cause distribution

'. C* ,ean *o"din ime

A ver# "o( mean ho"din time can !e an indication of !ad -ua"it# or *? pro!"ems.


27/36

'i"ure $3! T%& )ean &oldin" Time

+. Interference )and 10 F interference "eve"s

Indication of e$terna" interference e.. ammers0 especia""# if do(n"in9 -ua"it# is

ood or interna" interference0 if !oth up"in9 and do(n"in9 -ua"it# are !ad.

'i"ure $4! Graph showin" the percenta"e of 8: interference band Rx:e,C/ to Rx:e,C/D


28/36

0 'SS Parameter Settins

/.1 0eneral guidelines

In 8S, s#stems there are man# radio net(or9 features and parameters that can !eused and optimied to improve net(or9 -ua"it#. It is a ris9 to mista9es and cause

pro!"ems that are difficu"t to foreseen (ithout ma9in a fu"" ana"#sis ho( parameters

interact (ith each other. he ver# !est (a# of havin fu"" understandin of the radionet(or9 !ehavior0 functiona"it# and )SS parameter settin used is to keep the radio

network as simple as possible. he )SS parameter settin must !e consistent to

avoid that an# unpredicted !ehavior of the net(or9 is achieved. herefore it

recommended usin fo""o(in ru"es@1. 8se the 0aktelEs BSS default settin"s for all cellsin the net(or9. Chec9 the

)SS parameter consistenc# ever# (ee9.

2. 7o not enable BSS functionalitiesun"ess the RN> department has approved thatthe function (i"" !e ood for net(or9 -ua"it#

3. 7o not use cell specific parameter settin"ssince it ma9es consistenc# chec9s

difficu"t and it can creates man# pro!"ems since the com!ination of that specific

settin has not !een ana"#ed carefu""#. P"ease 9eep in mind that the actua"

pro!"em that is tr#in to !e so"ved !# ce"" specific parameter settins can !eso"ved in other (a#s. here miht !e other reasons for the pro!"ems e.. *?

fau"ts. If it is found out that Pa9te" manaer. If it is areed the ne( parameter settin shou"d

!e tested for a"" ce""s in one )SC to et sufficient date to eva"uate. If the test is

successfu" Pa9te"


29/36

Capacity Plannin

.1 Averaging of traffi!

o ma9e accurate and re"ia!"e capacit# dimensionin averae va"ues of the traffic must!e used. :ther(ise it is a ris9 that capacit# is added or reduced !ased on insufficient data

and miht fau"t# capacit# dimensionin.

It is recommended to measure the a,era"e ,alue of the 3 busiest hours per cell of the

offered traffic for a $ week period both for T%& and S7%%&capacit# dimensionin.

hen the averae va"ue of the offered traffic is inserted in the >r"an) formu"a (ith the

num!er of defined channe"s 5not avai"a!"e channe"s6 to et the !"oc9in pro!a!i"it#. If the!"oc9in pro!a!i"it# is hiher than the predefined 8oS taret defined in chapter /.2

capacit# must !e added to the ce"".

.2 +C and *CC !a#a!ity dimensioningC* and SDCC* capacit# dimensionin are done in the same (a#. he on"# difference

is the 8oS tarets.%o""o(in 8oS tarets sha"" !e used@

FT%& GoS 2H II

FS7%%& GoS H II

1 .ocation "rea Dimensionin

15.1CCC !hannel !onfigurationsPain messaes are send out to a"" ce""s in one A. herefore A dimensionin is done

at A "eve"0 not on ce"" "eve". As a resu"t a"" ce""s must have the same pain capacit#. A""

ce""s sha"" use non&com!ined CCC* channe" confiurations (ith 2 CCC* !"oc9s

reserved for A8C*. It is recommended that a"" ce""s sha"" have fo""o(in )SS parametersettin@

CCCHCONF / 5non&com!ined CCC* resu"ts in / CCC* !"oc9s per mu"tiframe6

BSAGBLKRES $52 CCC* !"oc9s per mu"tiframe are reserved for A8C*6

BSPAMFRAMS 15+ mu"tiframes !et(een pain of same pain roup6

T3212 1/54 hours !et(een periodic A updates if necessar#6

MSC Detach TimerC 1hours O + minutes 5time !efore the ,SC detach the ,S6

15.2"aging statisti!s

?hen ana"#in pain stats and to verif# if the A sie is proper dimensioned. he

fo""o(in A dimensionin ru"e sha"" !e app"ied@


30/36

Total number of pa"in" attemptsper :.>B& C 4/ /// pa"in"s per :.>busy hour

In addition to the num!er of pains pain success rate sha"" !e monitored. If there is a

corre"ation !et(een a hih num!er of pains and "o( pain success rate there is a PC*or A8C* capacit# pro!"em. :ther(ise a "o( pain success rate can indicate poor radionet(or9 -ua"it#. Pain success rate sha"" e$ceed at "east 7 to !e accepta!"e.


31/36

11 "ppendi "

11.1 ummary of o#timi'ation flo$

11#1#1Nei!bors

1. Ana"#sis of e$istin neih!ors

a* %ind non&mutua" neih!ors.

b* ,a9e a"" non&mutua" neih!ors mutua" or de"ete the neih!or definitions ifnot re-uired

c* %ind and neih!ors (ith same )CC* in source and taret ce""

d* De"ete neih!or definitions (ith same )CC* in source and taret ce"" or

chane the )CC* fre-uenc# of either the source ce"" or the taret ce"".

2. Add ,issin Neih!orsa* Create a ta! de"imited .t$t import fi"e from the adacenc# fi"e from the

:,C

b* Import the .t$t fi"e inc"udin a"" neih!ors in to Asset usin 8S,

Import=neih!ors

c* Chec9 each ce"" one !# one if there are an# o!vious neih!ors missin

d* Ana"#e >,S drive test "ofi"es to find missin neih!ors

e* Create a ne( .t$t fi"e inc"udin a"" ne( neih!ors and import into Asset

f* Send (or9 order to :,C to add a"" missin neih!ors

"* ?hen a"" (or9 orders have !een imp"emented0 chec9 the neih!ors from

the :,C are the same as the ne( .t$t fi"e to verif# that a"" ne( p"anned

neih!ors have !een added to the radio net(or9

3. Removin not re-uired neih!ors

a* Fse statistics sho(in num!er of handover attempts per da# for a""neih!ors and then remove the neih!ors sho(in that ver# fe( handover

attempts are made.

b* A"" neih!ors than are "ocated more than 3' 9m a(a# can !e removed

11#1#2$re)uency Plan

4. Ana"#sis of e$istin fre-uenc# p"an

a* Create a ta! de"imited .t$t Asset import fi"e from the adacent ce"" "ist from

:,Cb* Import the .t$t fi"e in to Asset (ith 8S, Import=Import carriers.

c* Create an interference arra# in Asset to find possi!"e pro!"em areas

d* Fse the fre-uenc# re&use option in Asset to p"ot the !est server areas usin

same fre-uencies (ith same co"ors. P"ot one fre-uenc# roup at the timeand primar# "oo9 for ce""s shootin in to each other (ith same fre-uenc#

'. Choose %re-uenc# P"annin ,ethodo"o#


32/36

a* Cities (ith more than 17 sites use roup p"annin

b* Rura" Areas and cities (ith "ess than 17 sites use automatic fre-uenc#p"annin or deterministic p"annin

+. ,odification or creation of a ne( fre-uenc# p"an

a* Identif# a"" sites that shou"d !e inc"uded in the fre-uenc# p"an i.e.

operationa" sites and p"anned sites that (i"" !e on air short"#. If p"anned

sites are inc"uded in the fre-uenc# p"an is not on air (hen the ne(fre-uenc# p"an is "oaded in to the net(or9 there is !i ris9 for -ua"it#

pro!"ems since the actua" fre-uenc# re&use (i"" differ from the p"anned

fre-uenc# re&use

b* P"ot a"" sites to !e p"anned on a A3 paper

c* Define (hich fre-uencies that shou"d !e used for )CC* and C*

d* Divide a"" )CC* fre-uencies in to three fre-uenc# roups to !e used for

sector10 sector2 and sector3e* P"an a"" fre-uencies manua""# sector !# sector and (rite do(n the

fre-uencies on the A3 printout (ith a penci". Do not use a pen since man#

chanes miht !e re-uired. A tip can !e to (rite 10 20 30 etc0 instead of e../+0 /0 / etc to faci"itate the fre-uenc# a""ocation. he temporar#

num!ers (i"" !e re&p"aced easi"# "ater !# the correct AR%CNs

f* Create an Asset carrier import fi"e as sho(n ina!"e 4.

"* Import the carrier import fi"e in to Asset

h* ,a9e prediction (ith at "east 27 9m radius for a"" p"anned sites

i* Create a )est Server and Interference Arra#

=* Ana"#e interference "eve"s and identif# pro!"em areas

k* Rep"ace !ad fre-uenc# a""ocations (ith ne( fre-uencies !# usin the

fre-uenc# re&use option in Asset to find !etter fre-uencies. Fpdate the ne(

fre-uencies !# updatin the import fi"e. 7O NOT 807.T(

'R(98(N%+(S 7+R(%T:; +N .SS(T


33/36

a* ,a9e drive tests (ith an ,S in scannin mode 5use )SIC decodin6 and

prefera!"# (ith an additiona" ,S in dedicated mode

b* >$port the >,S "ofi"es to ,apinfo. he information e"ements that

shou"d !e e$ported are at "east BStronest Scanned AR%CN andBStronest Scanned R$ev. It is recommended to e$port theseinformation e"ement (ith arument 10 2 and 3 to et the 3 stronest ce""s

in each "ocation

c* Chec9 the !est server areas !# p"ottin Stronest Scanned AR%CN and"oo9 for overshootin. If a ce"" is !est server far a(a# from the site

"ocation ce"" is considered as overshootin0 especia""# if the !est server

area is discontinuous.

.ntennas must not be down tilted if@i. Coverae of the ce"" is a"read# !ad in the p"anned !est server area

ii. he Bovershootin is ver# (ea9 i.e. the coverae far a(a# is ver#

poor !ut no other ce"" covers that area.he re-uired sina" strenth it the !est server area is defined !# the

verification "eve"s (hich is the desin "eve" H outdoor fadin marin 5from

"in9 !udets6. 8sually a "ood le,el in the best ser,er area in dense

urban should be around #42 dBm.

d* Identif# ho( man# d) the sina" "eve" must !e reduced to remove the over

shootin

e* Identif# the heiht difference !et(een the ce"" and the area of interest

f* Identif# the antenna t#pe of the ce""

"* Fse an >$ce" sheet that ta9es the antenna diaram and the heiht

difference of the ce"" and area of interest into account and ca"cu"ate there-uired ti"t to et the re-uired reduction of sina" strenth.

11#1#(Drive Tests

. Ana"#sis of drive test scannin data

a* >$port the information e"ements Stronest Scanned AR%CN and Stronest

Scanned R$ev for ,S2 5,S used for scannin6 for the 3 stronestscanned channe"s i.e. (ith arument 10 2 and 3 to ,apinfo format as

sho(n !e"o(.

b* P"ot the stronest scanned R$ev in ,apinfo and create a "eend that

sho(s indoor coverae0 in&car coverae and outdoor coverae

c* Chec9 for !ad overae near sites and identif# sites that are not transmittin

and ce""s (ith poor coverae and investiate possi!"e reasons. Panoramicpictures0 statistics and a"arms can !e a ood he"p

d* P"ot the stronest scanned AR%CN and create a "eend inc"udin a""

)CC* fre-uencies.

Note@ if havin more than 1+ fre-uencies for )CC* ,apinfo (i"" !e una!"eto ive a"" fre-uencies a uni-ue co"or so ana"#e the fre-uencies outside the

"eend e$tra carefu""# or divide the fre-uencies into t(o roups.


34/36

e* Ana"#e overshootin and undefined coverae i.e. areas covered !# man#

ce""s (ith appro$imate"# the same sina" "eve". If sites are overshootin0chec9 ho( stron the second !est server is and define ho( much the

sina" "eve" of the overshootin ce"" must !e reduced0 see chapter 'formore detai"s of ma9in ti"t decisions

/. Ana"#sis of drive test dedicated mode data 5"on ca""6

a* >$port most of the information e"ements re"ated to dedicated mode for,S1 5,S in dedicated mode6. he most important information e"ements

are@ R$evSu!0 R$Jua"Su!0 C=I ?orst0 Neih!or ce"" R$ev 0 Neih!or

ce"" AR%CN0 Ce"" Name0 *oppin and A

b* P"ot C=I ?orst and R$Jua" in ,apinfo and create a suita!"e "eend andidentif# !ad -ua"it# areas.

c* Investiate the reasons for the !ad -ua"it# e.. overshootin0 missin

neih!ors0 !ad fre-uenc# a""ocations 5on"# app"ica!"e for )CC*fre-uencies6 or possi!"e *? pro!"ems. Interference is identified !# hih

sina" "eve" and !ad -ua"it#. *ence if the sina" strenth is "o( e.. "o(er

than &7 d)m the actua" pro!"em is more re"ated to poor coverae than!ad fre-uenc# a""ocations. Fsua""# is not eas# to find !etter fre-uenc#

a""ocations and therefore fre-uenc# re&a""ocations sha"" !e avoided un"ess

it is a!so"ute"# necessar#.

d* P"a# a"" "ofi"es one !# one to find a"" possi!"e optimiation issues "i9eovershootin0 !ad -ua"it# or missin neih!ors. Note that the >,S

feature B"eave trai" can !e used to find overshootin

11#1#*Statistics

17. Ana"#e fo""o(in Statistics

a* Ca"" Drop Rate 5CDR6

b* Carried raffic

c* *andover success rate

d* Percentae of -ua"it# and interference handovers

e* C* ,ean *o"din ime

f* Interference )and 10 F interference "eve"s

11#1#-'SS Parameters

11. 8se the 0aktelEs BSS default settin"s for all cellsin the net(or9. Chec9 the)SS parameter consistenc# ever# (ee9.

12. 7o not enable BSS functionalitiesun"ess the RN> department has approved thatthe function (i"" !e ood for net(or9 -ua"it#


35/36

13. 7o not use cell specific parameter settin"ssince it ma9es consistenc# chec9s

difficu"t and it can creates man# pro!"ems since the com!ination of that specificsettin has not !een ana"#ed carefu""#.

14. If it is suested to test a ne( parameter settin the suestion shou"d !epresented for the RN> manaer and if approved !e tested for a"" ce""s in one )SC.

11#1#/SDCCH and TCH Capacity

1'. Chec9 C* and SDCC* capacit# on a t(o&(ee9 !asis.

a* Fse offered traffic averae va"ue of the 3 busiest hoursper $ week

period!oth for C* and SDCC*

b* Fse fo""o(in 8oS tarets

C* 8oS H '

SDCC* 8oS H 1


36/36

12 "ppendi '

12.16aseband or synthesi'ed frequen!y ho##ing7he t(o main fre-uenc# hoppin modes are !ase!and hoppin and s#nthesied hoppin.

)ase!and hoppin mode is usin one fre-uenc# per transceiver and the ca"" is hoppin todifferent transceivers. S#nthesied hoppin mode is usin mu"tip"e fre-uencies per

transceivers defined !# the ,A "ist. he ca"" (i"" sta# on the same times"ot on the same

transceiver a"" the time and the fre-uenc# hoppin is done !# chanin the fre-uenc# of

the transceiver appro$imate"# 21 times per second.?hich fre-uenc# hoppin mode resu"ts in the !est radio net(or9 -ua"it#; he ans(er is@

it depends on the radio net(or9 desin0 RK confiuration of ce""s0 fre-uenc# spectrum

avai"a!"e and fre-uenc# p"annin s9i""s of the radio net(or9 p"anners.S#nthesied fre-uenc# hoppin is !est (hen@

1. ?hen a ver# "imited fre-uenc# spectrum is avai"a!"e compared to the num!er ofRKs per ce"".

2. ?hen radio p"anners have "ess e$perience in fre-uenc# p"annin

3. ?hen there is no rid in the net(or9

4. ?hen there are man# ce""s that are over shootin other ce""s.

)ase!and hoppin is !est (hen@

1. here is sufficient fre-uenc# spectrum avai"a!"e compared to num!er of RKs

per ce"". %or e$amp"e at "east 1' fre-uencies 5prefera!"e more6 are re-uired for the)CC* RK "a#er and "east 12 fre-uencies are re-uired for a continuous C*

RK "a#er compared to num!er of RKs per ce"". If there are ce""s (ith a RK

"a#er that is ver# scattered e.. ce"" havin three RKs are far a(a# from eachother0 a much tihter reuse can !e used for the third RK "a#er.

2. A uniform rid in terms of site "ocations and antenna aimuths is used since the

ris9 for co channe" interference is minimied if a"" sectors are shootin in the

Bnec9 of the sector in front of itse"f.3. *ih"# s9i""ed fre-uenc# p"anners are re-uired. A !ad !ase!and hoppin p"an is

resu"ts in the (orst possi!"e -ua"it# (hi"st a ood !ase!and hoppin p"an can

resu"t in much !etter -ua"it# than a s#nthesied hoppin p"an.

Note that no fre-uenc# p"annin has to !e done for C* RKs (hen s#nthesied

fre-uenc# hoppin is used. herefore no fre-uencies need to !e p"anned and assin (hen

capacit# is added to ce""s. he on"# parameters that need to !e p"anned for ne( RKs arefre-uenc# hoppin ID and ,AI:. A"" C* RKs must have uni-ue ,AI:s and

prefera!"# one ,AI: separation to avoid adacent ce"" interference (hen usins#nthesied hoppin.

0aktel has not purchased baseband hoppin" from JT( and must therefore use

synthesized hoppin"*

optimisation guideline pa2

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