optical network transformation: disaggregation and a

Mike SabelhausFujitsuSeptember 2016

Optical Network Transformation:Disaggregation and a Simpler Network

©2016 Fujitsu Network Communications

Agenda

Network Drivers and Challenges

Simplifying the network

Flexible Technology drives an agile network

Disaggregation

The Open Source Network

Summary

2


Speed of Technology Adoption

Time to Achieve50 Million Users

3

75 years

33 years

35 Days

4 years

Can Your Network Keep Up?


Industry Driver: Bandwidth Growth

Industry Drivers

Provider Challenge

Annual global IP traffic will pass the zetabyte ([ZB]; 1000 exabytes [EB]) threshold by the end of 2016, and will reach 2.3 ZB per year by 2020. Global IP traffic will increase nearly threefold over the next 5 years.

Traffic from wireless and mobile devices will account for two-thirds of total IP traffic by 2020.

Content delivery networks (CDNs) will carry nearly two-thirds of Internet traffic by 2020.

Broadband speeds will nearly double by 2020. By 2020, global fixed broadband speeds will reach 47.7 Mbps, up from 24.7 Mbps in 2015.

Keeping up with BW needs and the changes in Traffic patterns

By 2020 the gigabyte equivalent of all movies ever made will cross the global Internet

EVERY 2 MINUTES4


Industry Driver: Content Delivery

Industry Drivers

Provider Challenge

Providers plan network capacity around peak traffic rates

Large Prime Time (busy hour) Video is the underlying reason

2015 Busy hour grew 51% vs avg. 29% Traffic topology changes with CDN carrying 64% of

Internet traffic by 2020 Google, Yahoo! and MSN have been quick to take

advantage of media convergence and to take part in an increasing market share

New competition Service velocity

5


Industry Driver: Global M2M Growth

Industry Drivers

Provider Challenge

20% growth in M2M - people, processes, data and things

Connected home appliances, home automation and video surveillance

Connected Healthcare – monitors, telemedicine fastest growing

IoT is having an impact. Having an agile network to keep up with the changes

6


Network impact - Traffic patterns are changing

Shift from Telecom to Datacom - traffic is changing Application to user (north south) traffic is growing App to app hosted data center traffic (east to west) is growing even faster Lateral Metro network growing to support high capacity requirements Telco centers are increasingly becoming Datacom nodes

Mobile networks LTE and 5G requiring more bandwidth CRAN networks and Virtualization Ongoing fiber extensions to towers

M2M traffic having substantial growth Traffic topology changing with Content Delivery Networks Virtualization

7


The Drivers for Change

*Faster service provisioning *Bandwidth on demand scalability *Business agility to adjust to market dynamics *Ability to dynamically tailor to application needs *Lower network connectivity service costs

to adopt new technology

8

Market Customer

*Source: MEF Survey Report, “Dynamic Third Network Connectivity Services Enabled by LSO, SDN and NFV”, 5 Jan 2016

WANServices

TelecomsWorld

WAN Services (Telco) One new service every 3 years 180 days to activate a service

Cloud Services 150+ services added / quarter Service turn-up instantaneous

On DemandAutomated

ElasticProgrammable

Services

CloudServices

ITWorld

Lower cost per bit while delivering more capacity *Current OSS/BSS systems are inadequate *Integration with legacy infrastructures *Standards are insufficient or incomplete Accelerate new technology deployment while

maintaining high network quality Avoiding vendor “lock-in” through closed, proprietary

solutions Increase service revenue and margins

Towards agile networks (SDN) Virtualized applications (NFV)


Simplifying the network(Converged vs Specific use)

9


Case 1 – ConvergedTraditional

Many NG Optical Transport Systems have migrated to include key Terabit Transport Technologies

Equipment has traditionally been designed for CSPs with strict performance parameters and multiple use cases. System-level convergence that collapses technologies

onto a single network element. Examples include combining OTN and packet

switching with WDM and ROADM technologies. Creates a network with fewer network elements

Easier to operate and less expensive to build. Convergence - reduction in the number of

nodes, simplifies operations and thus reduces both capex and opex.

10


Example: POTP Traditional Convergence

Multi technology integration (Packet / SONET / OTN / WDM ROADM)

Service Optimized I/O modules Native, non-blocking, connectivity across

all interfaces/ports Universal grooming with OTN, Ethernet

or SONET/SDH (0 – 100% ) Comprehensive ROADM options 8D –

12 D System Scalability

10/40/100Gbps Capacity per Channel Switching Granularity

OTN, SONET, Packet MEF 2.0 compliance or MPLS

functionality Control plane for OTN switching EMS with full manageability

11

RO

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MR

OA

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niversal FabricU

niversal FabricSO

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ON

ET

ETH

ETH

OTN

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apperE

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10/40/100GTransponders

OTN Full-bandTunable Optics

10/100GMuxponders

Multi-rate TDMOC3/12/48/192

PacketGE/10GE

OTNODU0-4/flex

OTNPacketTDM

Fabric

VT S

WF

VT S

WF

ROADM

OTN

Packet

Switch

Muxp


Case 2 - A Different ViewDisaggregated HW/SW

Web-scale DC operators shared interest in higher connection speeds based on coherent technology, but….have different requirements for ON systems

Disaggregated HW from SW

The type of equipment being requested supports a narrower use case that has a simpler feature set optimized for low-cost and simplified operations

12


Forces Impacting Data Centers

13

… Data Center consolidation

Growth in data center resources …

… workloads competing for bandwidth

Limited space and power …

… disaster recovery

Faster service deployment …

… not enough bandwidth / compute /storage

... must increase resource utilization

East/West bandwidth traffic…

Pressure

multi-tenant networks… … multiple control points

Mobile and virtual workloads …


Disaggregated Key features

Open software and open line systems Smaller form factors for co-location

and leased spaces More efficient systems that consume

less power Simplified plug-and-play systems with

automated provisioning Optimized for coherent (100G and

above) transmission Customized APIs for programmability No integrated OTN switching and TL-

1/NMS management

14


Agile Technology – The First Step

15


Photonic Network Evolution

Net

wor

k Fu

nctio

nalit

y

2005 2010 2015 2020

• “Static” Ring Network

• “Static” Mesh Network• WSS-based ROADM

• “Dynamic” mesh network• 100G coherent • Integrated OTN based

switching• Mesh restoration• OTN bypass apps• Control plane

• Flexible/dynamic mesh network• Next Generation ROADM• Colorless, directionless, gridless• Spectrum-efficient transmission and

superchannels• Optical re-optimization / restoration• SDN enabled• Modular• Virtualized functions

16


Technology Drivers

Complex multi-level modulation New 200G cards -16QAM

High Speed Transmission: The Superchannel Multiple optical signals are multiplexed

in optical domain and defined as a single channel

Efficient Optical Spectrum Utilization Nyquist filtering

17

WDM network

ROADM

ShortReach

Long Reach

Universal Transceiver

UniversalTransceiver

UniversalTransceiver

DP-16QAM DP-QPSK

Node 1

Node 2 Node 3

17


16QAM 64QAM 256QAM

Gbit/s # Pol. Gbaud Grid (GHz)

Bits/ symbol

Modulation OSNR (dB) min

112 2 28 50 2 DP-QPSK 12.6224 2 28 50 4 DP-16QAM 17.4 448 2 112 200 2 DP-QPSK 18.6448 2 56 100 4 DP-16QAM 22.4 448 2 42 75 6 DP-64QAM 26.6448 2 28 50 8 DP-256QAM 31.9

Capacity vs. Reach Tradeoff

18


Flexible Grid

To date, WDM networks have been designed to operate on a standard ITU 50 GHz grid pattern

Future NG ROADM networks will allow different channel sizes depending on the wavelength being transported and the modulation of that wavelength

Facilitates new modulation schemes and the “Superchannel” for higher density transport and spectral efficiency

Creates new challenges for de-fragmentation of spectrum

1 Tb/s

100

Gb/

s

400

Gb/

s

40G

b/s

100

Gb/

s

400

Gb/

s

Vaca

ncy

100

Gb/

s

100

Gb/

s

Vaca

ncy

Vaca

ncy

Vaca

ncy

Vaca

ncy

19


100G / Beyond100G and Transceivers

20

New X-ACO

Integration

New X-ACO


Other Key technology - WSS

Greatly simplify the structure of large-scale optical switches Small size Low insertion loss Low power consumption Simple fabrication & packaging processes Improve overall reliability Dynamic Gain equalization

Flexible ROADM applications Dynamic optical routing any wavelengths from a

fiber to any fibers in the network Enable “colorless” OADM

• Wavelength can be add/drop to/from any port Enable all-optical cross-connect mesh network

Enable longer transmission reach

21

Source: Nistica


Agile ROADMsThe first step to the Flexible Network

Route and Select architecture Colorless ports Directionless wavelengths Flexible Grid 8-12D capable architectureFacilitates the all Flexible network

Broadcast and Select architecture Drop-side Mux/Demux for each degree Wavelengths drop to their own

Mux/Demux Channels have fixed ports per wavelength Typical configuration:

2 Degree (East / West) ROADM• 8D capable architecture

Mux/Demux based on Arrayed Waveguide

Amp

1x9WSS

1x8Spl

1x9WSS

1x8Spl

Demux Mux

TRPN

TRPN

TRPN

TRPN

TRPN

TRPN

TRPN

Mux Demux

TRPN

TRPN

TRPN

TRPN

TRPN

TRPN

TRPN

Amp

WSS WSS

AWGMux/Demux

Classic ROADM

MxNWSS

MxNWSS

1x20WSS

WSS

1x20WSS

To otherdegrees

1x20WSS

WSS1x20WSS

To otherdegrees

Amp

1x16Spl

1x16Cpl1x16

Spl1x16Cpl1x16

Spl1x16Cpl1x16

Spl1x16Cpl1x16

Spl1x16Cpl1x16

Spl1x16Cpl1x16

Spl1x16Cpl

AmpTR

PN

TRPN

TRPN

TRPN

TRPN

TRPN

x8

x8

x8

1x16Spl

1x16Cpl

Mid stage WSS12x9

FanoutCoupler/Splitter

CD ROADM

22


Primary Benefits of NG ROADMs

Topology and Operational Flexibility Activate and redirect wavelengths “instantly” Optical Restoration for disaster recovery

• Recover “idle” protection capacity for revenue bearing services• Links w/ SDN controller WDM application and policy allowing dynamic restoration paths• Optical Defragmentation

Flexible grid offers greater capacity growth, efficiency in the network to handle the growing network bandwidth More channels and ready for higher-order modulation formats allows 3.5x capacity increase Defragmentation products allows resize and reorder of bandwidth, saving 40% BW

SDN/NFV ready Services virtualized - can be turned up anywhere, sources can move and dynamically

rebalance Greater potential for scheduled services rather than pinned up circuits Potential to create “virtual optical networks”

23


SDN and NFV Synergies Complementary Technologies & Benefits

NFV is about o creating virtual network

functions (VNFs)o managing/orchestrating

them on virtual infrastructure

True NFV or “cloud” NFV involves running VNFs on cloud infrastructure

Control/Data plane

separation

SDN is about o creating, orchestrating logical

network topologies – virtualized connections between NEs and VNFs

SDN is broadly defined and can be achieved in different ways for different use cases

Service chaining – or VNF forwarding –is a point of overlap between SDN and NFV

• COTS Hardware

• VNF Service Chaining

• Centralized Orchestration & Management

• Vendor Independence

NFV SDN

Hardware/Software decoupling

Reduced resource consumption

(power, space etc)

Centralized control across

layers

Standardized open source orchestration

24


Disaggregation

25


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itch

Tran

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MC

UM

CU

Physically Aggregated Logically Aggregated

Disaggregation Concept

26

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Lam

bda

Switc

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itch

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MC

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CU

• Shelf Form Factor is Set and Dictates:• Space, Power, Thermal, I/O interface over backplane

• Multifunctional shelves are constrained by the form-factor, system software, & dependencies among the other functions incorporated into the multifunction shelf

• Software logically aggregates and allows functions to be located separately and retain centralize control

• Each Blade has its own independent physical design• Independent functions provide freedom of innovation

not possible in multifunctional equipment

IntegratorvIntegrator


Disaggregated Architectural Benefits

27

Innovative

Open

Modular

Software Control

• Performance OptimizedHardware (Gen Ahead)

• Agile Software Dev• Innovation Velocity

• Avoids Vendor Lock-In• Collaborative Architecture• Open Optics Supply• Programmable APIs

• Intelligent Partitioning of SW & HW

• Efficient Scaling• Incremental Growth• Rack Space Utilization• Conserve Power & Space

• SDN Enablement• Virtual Convergence• Unified Multi-Layer, Multi-vendor Management


Efficient Space and Power Utilization

28

Converged vs Blade Deployment

Model 1 Model 2 Model 3 Model 4

Rack Units

35%

58%Decrease

59%

50%


Power (W)

Blad

e


Rack Units 58%Decrease

59%

50%35%

Trad

itiona

lBl

ade

53%Decrease

52%

45%31%

Example Findings: Single NE Model Reductions

Power 27% - 53%Rack Units 36% - 58%

Network Model ReductionsPower 54%Rack Units 55%

Rack Units

Trad

itiona

l

1FINITY

55%Decrease

Power (W)

Trad

itiona

l

1FINITY

54%Decrease

Trad

itiona

l

Blade

Blade

Based on Traditional Converged Platform vs single function blade

architecture

Blade compare - Data Center Deployment

1 1

1.5

10.75

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

A B C D T100

Power/Gbps

Blad

e

0

200

400

600

800

1000

A B C D T100

Density/RU

Blad

e

Density and PowerComparison – Optical Transport blades for DCI

F F


The Open Source Network

29


It’s About Innovation and Faster Service Delivery

The era of cloud, virtualization and OTT is fundamentally changing network requirements

Service providers see SDN primarily as a key means of achieving goals of rapid innovation and service deployment Opex and capex savings are also goals

Optical transport vendors must also innovate faster to meet operators’ needs Migration away from proprietary and converged

systems and toward automated, modular, open systems

Open source hardware and software groups are emerging to enable rapid innovation and open standardization

1%

7%

11%

16%

22%

43%

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40% 45% 50%

OTHER

DECREASED COST OF DELIVERING SERVICES

ABILITY TO COMPETE MORE EFFECTIVELY WITH ICPS AND OTHER “OVER THE TOP”

CONTENT PROVIDERS

REDUCTION IN COST OF EQUIPMENT DUE TO DISAGGREGATION

REDUCTION IN COST OF OPERATIONS RELATED TO CONFIGURATION AND

MAINTENANCE ERRORS

ABILITY TO CREATE AND DEPLOY SERVICES MORE RAPIDLY

Most Important Potential Business Benefit of SDN for Operators

N=86

Source: Carrier SDN: Service Provider Perspectives, Transition Strategies & Use Cases 2016, June 2016

30


TRADITIONAL OPEN SOURCE

STANDARD BODY LENGTH STANDARD BODY LENGTH

100GE IEEE 29 monthsODL

Hydrogen Release

Open Daylight

Foundation

12 months

OTU4 ITU-T 31 monthsOpenStack

Austin Release

OpenStack Foundation 4 months

GMPLS IETF 39 months OpenFlow 1.2 Release ONF 12

months

NETCONF IETF 40 months

Standardization in Transition: The Rise of Open Source

Traditional Versus Open Source Standards

Source: Heavy Reading, 2016

Who's Hot Who's Not

OrganizationBiggest % increase in importance

OrganizationBiggest %

decrease in importance

OPNFV 1 ATIS 1

ONF 2 TIA 1

OpenDaylight 3 ITU 3

ETSI 4 ANSI 4

IETF 5 TM Forum 5

Operator Views on Rising and Falling Standards Organizations

Source: Heavy Reading, 2015

N=459

31


What Benefits does Open Source Bring to Operators?

Operator Need Benefit of Open Source

Faster time to market for new products and services

• Operators build upon base code that has been developed by many other open source project members with like interests.

• Faster time to market by using base of code that can be built upon by users

Faster time to interoperability

• The ability to reach agreement in months rather than years results in a faster path to interoperability.

• Interoperability means that projects can move from niche status to wide-scale deployment much more quickly.

• Interoperability eliminates vendor lock-in, and most large operators require multiple vendors per domain in order to roll out services in scale.

Access to new ideas beyond traditional telecom

• The “community” part of an open source community enables operators to directly benefit from the ideas and contributions of individuals outside their company walls and even outside the telecommunications industry

Reduced costs of development

• Use of base code developed by others reduces the overall cost of software development

Greater modularity • Modularity provides increased flexibility and scalability for operators while allowing them to better customize functions to their needs and reduce costs by getting only what they need when they need it.

• Open source provides both software and hardware modularity

32


HARDWARE

Degrees of Open Networking

Open Source Hardware

Closed &Proprietary

CrossFunction

IntraFunction

SplitFunction

PluggableOptics

Open APIs

33


HARDWARE

Open Source Software

Open Source Hardware

OpenServices

Ecosystem

Closed &Proprietary

CrossFunction

IntraFunction

SplitFunction

OpenAPIs

OpenPlatform

OpenApps

SOFT

WA

RE

PluggableOptics

Open APIs

OpenStandards


34


HARDWARE

OpenServices

Ecosystem

Closed &Proprietary

CrossFunction

IntraFunction

SplitFunction

OpenAPIs

OpenPlatform

OpenApps

SOFT

WA

RE

PluggableOptics

Open APIs

OpenStandards


#3 Intra-function operation

#1 Dynamic Provisioning

#4 Split-function operation

#2 Cross-function operation

35


No Single Network

View

• Gain a complete view of the network with distributed control

Cannot holistically

route around faults

automatically

• Route around network faults based on all known network resources (multilayer), available capacity, and current workload

Lack of end-to-end

provisioning

• Develop multi-layer provisioning strategies holistically, based on business rules, rather than by the constraints of a specific network segment

Dynamic Provisioning with Multi-Vendor, Multi-Layer ControlUse Case #1

Response

Cha

lleng

e

Vendor B Vendor DVendor C

SDN Control PlatformSDN Control PlatformVendor A

Same SDN controller for differentnetwork layers or vendors

36


Cross-Function Operation with SDN Control Use Case #2

Vendor A Vendor AVendor B

SDN Control Platform

Vendor lock-in

• Ability to mix vendor equipment across transport functions (e.g., TXP|ROADM)

• Improves supply chain management• More competitive pricing, faster scaling, better

service velocity

Limited optimization

• Choose best-of-breed equipment to optimize your unique network

• Improves network performance• Reduced capital expense

Response

Cha

lleng

e

SDN Control PlatformVendor A

Different vendors hardware for different transport functions

37


Intra-Function Operation with SDN Control Use Case #3

Stranded & Fragmented Resources

• Ability to mix vendors equipment within a single function (e.g., TXP)

• Eliminates transport islands and prevents future overbuilds

• Better utilization of network assets

Supply Availability Risk

• Multiple vendors available to supply same function• Improved supply availability & scale• Network risk of product discontinue greatly reduced

Response

Cha

lleng

e

Vendor A Vendor B

Vendor A

SDN Control PlatformSDN Control Platform

Vendor B

Vendor A

Different vendors hardware for same transport function

38


Split-Function Operation with SDN Control Use Case #4

Before

Element Management

Single Function

After


Virtual

CommodityCore


Separation of single function into core, commodity and virtual

components

39


Split-Function Operation with SDN Control Use Case #4, cont.

After


Virtual

CommodityCore

SDN Control PlatformDisparity between

revenue and cost/bit

• Separate single function into core, commodity and virtual functions

• Improve supply chain management options and timing

• Reduced cost and new revenue streams

Gaps in virtual infrastructure and services

• Utilize ecosystem of virtual network functions from multiple vendors

• Deliver differentiated services quickly and easily

Response

Cha

lleng

e

Separation of single function into core, commodity and virtual

components

40


CORD Open Initiative

41


Open ROADM MSAopenroadm.org

The Open ROADM MSA initiative is to bring about faster paced innovation, increased competition, and increased flexibility Concept based on segmenting Open Transponders from Open ROADM, Open

Pluggables from Open Transponders, and providing Open control Not locked to ROADM vendor’s HW – any Open ROADM compliant ROADM,

Transponder or Plug can be used Not locked to any Controller – HW controlled via common Open API Eliminates transport islands – ROADMs interoperate eliminating overbuilds

Current Members: AT&T, Fujitsu, Ciena, ALU Application Space: Metro Networks (~500km) Area’s Covered:

Multi-Wave (MW) interconnection between ROADMs • Implementation is targeting Dynamic ROADMs Colorless Directionless (CD) or Colorless Directionless Contention less (CDC)

Single-Wave (W) between Transponders-to-ROADM, Transponder-to-Transponder and Transponder-to-Pluggable

• Starting with 100G DP-QPSK (EFEC / Staircase FEC) with path to DP-16QAM envisioned

Open Control Device Model. Common Netconf/Yang APIs between Devices and Controller

42

Architecture (Open ROADM MSA)

Open ROADM (Open ROADM MSA)


Areas in the Open ROADM MSA SpecOptical Specs (http://openroadm.org/download.html)

Architecture High level shows MW, WR and W ports, OSC,

Management

Common General Optical Max, Spectrum, etc.

W Optical Spec Single wavelength interface spec

W PM Spec Single wavelength PM spec

W ALM Spec Single wavelength Alarm spec

W TRPN Physical Spec Single wavelength physical spec

W TRPN functional Single wavelength functional spec Mapping/client services (100GE/OTU4)

MW-MW Multi-wave- to Multi-wave spec

MW-Wr Multi-wave to WR (Drop/Add Path)

Local Control Control Loop behavior (nodes are independent)

PMs MW, Wr and OSC PMs

Alarms MW and Wr alarms

OSC Overview Covers management “reach-through” and management Lan, etc.

OSC-Optical Line Port OSC optical & physical spec

Laser Safety APSD using OSC “Link Down” detection

OAMP Port Management Port spec

OTDR OTDR spec

43


SDN Control Model – API Specs (http://openroadm.org/download.html)

Device models are specified Common model – Alarms & PMs Device Models – API control of the ROADM and Transponders Service Model -- API into the controller for making service requests Network Model – Model specification for the Open ROADM Network

controller

44


Modular, scalable open architecture platform that allows you to pick and choose the appropriate functions for your unique needs

Open APIs with REST and YANG for easy interoperability for service, devices, and network models

Migration path to open products that are interoperational with existing deployed network hardware

Platform based on open-source components and are upstream to open-source projects

Products have critical mass and industry functionality

Checklist for Choosing a Solution

45


Summary

The era of cloud, virtualization and OTT is fundamentally changing network requirements

Traffic demands are shifting, creating a need for a more flexible network Key Technology developments are driving flexible HW, enabling a more

agile network Optical transport vendors must also innovate faster to meet operators’

needs Providers see SDN primarily as a key means of achieving goals of rapid

innovation and service deployment

46

optical network transformation: disaggregation and a

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