Operational Risk ManagementAnnual Briefing Discussion

A one week class in 15 minutes!

January 19th, 2016

SWR-TX-435 David Lee "Tex" Hill Composite Squadron

CAPR 62-1 CIVIL AIR PATROL SAFETY RESPONSIBILITIES AND PROCEDURES

3d(1): At least once annually, Operational Risk Management (ORM) will be discussed during a unit safety meeting.

If anyone asks if you have received your annual ORM “discussion” … the correct answer is “yes, I have”.

What the heck is ORM? a methodical, six-step process to “manage” risk

“manage” means diminish, limit, or eliminate

Why should I care about it?1. It’s required (while “on duty” at CAP)2. It’s a good idea (when not “on duty”)

3. It works … it reduces mishaps mishaps = personal injury and damaged property

Why do we have to “discuss” it every year?

One of the objectives of CAP risk management training …

is for YOU to develop enough proficiency in applying the process …

so that risk management becomes an automatic part of CAP activities and your personal time.

Operational Risk Management

NOT exclusive to the Civil Air PatrolMost Federal AgenciesAll DOD Agencies (USAF, USMC, etc.)

Most Fortune 500 CompaniesMost Industrial Businesses

It costs money to implement ORMIf it didn’t work, they wouldn’t do it

SWR-TX-435 David Lee "Tex" Hill Composite Squadron

It’s specifically required for CAP Flying Operations, Ground Teams, and activities

BUT

You can use the same principles anywhere…you just don’t have any forms to fill out.

Without “operational” it’s still “Risk Management”which, is a GOOD idea.

Briefly,

We will discuss the formal process.

Then we’ll talk about the informal process.

For Tonight’s Discussion … Assume: You are getting a new “Radio Mission”.Prepare your Tower for antenna mounting.

Have it ready immediately.

Install appropriate hardware here.

So … let’s get that tower ready for the new antenna … but first … we need to “ORM” it(Because it’s a CAP activity).

1. Identify the hazards2. Assess the risks3. Analyze the risk control measures4. Make control decisions5. Risk control implementation6. Supervise and review

Don’t bother memorizing these steps … just follow the checklist.

1.Identify the hazards …

This is the foundation of the ORM process.If you don't know the hazards then they can't be controlled.

Focus on what is at risk and list potential hazards.

Make this a “group effort”Everybody knows something about something

Do your best to list every reasonable hazard

1.Identify the hazards … continued

The hazards for tonight's discussion?

FallingCuts and scrapesGetting hit by a dropped tool

2. Assess the risks

Prioritize the hazards into levels of risk (high, medium, low)

Use the Risk Assessment Index (next slide)

Frequent: Occurs often, happens many times during a single activityLikely: Occurs regularly, generally happens once per activityOccasional: Occurs infrequently, doesn't occur at every event, but occurs often enough to be consideredSeldom: Occurs sporadically, only happens once or twice in an entire CAP careerUnlikely: Occurs rarely, often never occurs during an entire CAP career--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Catastrophic: Complete mission failure, death, or loss of systemCritical: Major mission degradation, severe injury, occupational illness, or major system damageModerate: Minor mission degradation, injury, minor occupational illness, or minor system damageNegligible: Less than minor mission degradation, minor injury, occupational illness, or minor system damage

Falling

2. Assess the risks … continued

So … which of these three is the “worst” risk?

FallingCuts and scrapesGetting hit by a dropped tool------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

The risk of Falling

The Risk is rated “High”.The others are “medium” or “low”.

Work on “falling” first.

3. Analyze the “risk control” measures

A “risk control” must change the risk by decreasing the exposure, severity, or the probability of a mishap.

Come up with “actions” that will either reduce or eliminate the risk.

Again … better solutions come from a “group effort”.

Prioritize these “risk control” measures to get the most “bang for your buck”.

3. Analyze the “risk control” measures … cont.

How can we reduce or eliminate the risk of falling?

Let’s think of several options.

1. Instead of using a ladder, Erect Scaffolding2. Use a helicopter3. Lower the person from above with a rope4. Use a safety harness and “life line”

4. Make control decisions

First, select the best possible risk controls (several of them). Next, decide if those controls will assure that the benefits will outweigh the costs.

1. Instead of using a ladder, Erect Scaffolding2. Use a helicopter3. Lower the person from above with a rope4. Use a safety harness and “life line”

4. Make control decisions … continued

So … which is the best “risk control” measure?1. Instead of using a ladder, Erect Scaffolding

Expensive and time consuming2. Use a helicopter

Too expensive, and adds more risk3. Lower the person from above with a rope

Not bad, but might add increased risky tasks

For the sake of argument … lets agree

A safety harness and “life line” is the best control measure.

5. Risk control implementation

Decide how each control will be put into effect

EXACTLY how (who, what, when)

Who is going to make sure the safety harness is worn correctlyWho is going to “double check”Where is the “life line” going to be placedHow is it going to get thereWho is going to hold the “life line”

6. Supervise and review Watch and see if your “risk controls” were effective.

OK … Mission Accomplished. We are ready to receive the new antenna.Nobody got hurt, and nothing was damaged.

Remember, CAP has a worksheet for “activities”.It has the “six steps” listed on the back.

Risk Management Worksheet

Risk Management Worksheet…Page 2 (the instructions on the back)

1. Identify Hazard: those things most likely to have a negative impact on the mission2. Assess Risk: use the Risk Assessment Matrix

3. Develop Controls: for each hazard to reduce its risk Specify who, what, where, when, and how for each control

4. Determine Mission Risk: From Block 6, identify hazard with highest residual riskCircle the appropriate risk level in Block 8

5. Make Risk Decision: Unit commander will determine authority and levelfor risk acceptance6. Implement Controls: Decide how each control will be put into effect

Enter in Block 107. Supervise: Show how each control will be monitored to ensure proper implementation …Enter in Block 11.8. Evaluate: After mission is complete, determine effectiveness of each control in reducing the risk of the targeted hazard.

1. Identify the hazards

2. Assess the risks

3. Analyze the risk control measures

4. Make control decisions

5. Risk control implementation

6. Supervise and review

For Two Specific Activities:

Flying OperationsGround team

CAP has specialized ORM Worksheets.

ORM Worksheet for Flying

Note there are four “No Go” hazards

Poor Health or FatigueBroken Airplane2 x Bad Weather

Note: the higher the risk levelthe higher the approval authority

ORM Worksheet for Ground Team

Note similar “hazards” on FlyingChecklist:

FatigueWeatherExperience

Here are the six steps

Note: the higher the risk levelthe higher the approval authority

Any questions so far?

OK … let’s talk “informal” ORM

Which is justdeliberate thinking and applying

common sense … every day!

Informal ORM is usually done while you are at homeOr at least when you are not at CAP

Which is where you need it the most

There is a good chance that unlike CAP activities:No adult supervisionNot many to “brainstorm” withAlmost unlimited variety of risks and hazards

ORM … not just with CAP … but everywhere else too--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

So what is your “mission” when you aren’t at CAP?

Your daily mission (as a minimum … return home) 1. Return home without injury 2. Return home without having damaged any property

It’s impossible to do a “risk analysis” for everything in life

So…what should get my attention?

Jim’s Biggies…extra thinking required!

Warning Labels Gasoline When you are “OFF” the ground

Also…from our CAP checklists:Fatigue Bad weather Lack of experience

If it is dumb, dangerous, or different …Think on it a bit before you begin.Do what you can to reduce the risk.

you see “warning labels” attachedgasoline is involved (chainsaws, dirt bikes)ladders or scaffolding are involvedbad weather (rain is bad weather)a new activity that you are not familiar witha new tool you haven’t used beforeyou are tired or aren’t feeling well

Informal Risk Management

Always be on the look out for stuff that can hurt you.

Do everything you can to minimize the risk of injury.

If you can’t reduce the risk of injury … consider walking away.

Got it?

Your “take home” message

1. Anticipate and manage risk

2. Accept no unnecessary risk

Don’t think that just because risk is present, you should avoid the activity.

But … reject the risk when total costs outweigh total benefits.

In Summary

1. At CAP Activities … use the formal checklist (it’s required)

2. Everywhere else …think and use common sense

NOTE: A significant risk is not knowing everything about everything! So make sure you involve others when “thinking”

A. YOU are the final “approving authority”B. YOU can always simply choose to say “NO” If it’s “dumb, dangerous, or different” … and you can’t reduce the risk….consider calling it a day!

Questions?

Did everyone sign the roster?

Next Month: “Safety Day”

Your Assignment:

Think of “risks” associated withThe CAP one mile run

If you have time, consider reviewing:https://www.capnhq.gov/SafetyEducation/ORM_Basic_Course.pps

Probability

SEVERITy

Frequent

Likely Occasional

Seldom

Unlikely

Catastrophic

Extremely High

Critical High

Moderate Medium

Negligible Low

Frequent: Occurs often, happens many times during a single activityLikely: Occurs regularly, generally happens once per activityOccasional: Occurs infrequently, doesn't occur at every event, but occurs often enough to be consideredSeldom: Occurs sporadically, only happens once or twice in an entire CAP careerUnlikely: Occurs rarely, often never occurs during an entire CAP career

Catastrophic: Complete mission failure, death, or loss of systemCritical: Major mission degradation, severe injury, occupational illness, or major system damageModerate: Minor mission degradation, injury, minor occupational illness, or minor system damageNegligible: Less than minor mission degradation, minor injury, occupational illness, or minor system damage

So … On Duty … it’s a formal processwith forms to fill out and people to notify

Everywhere Else … it’s pretty much justdeliberate thinking and applying common sense

NOTE: A significant risk is not knowing everything about everything!So make sure you involve others when “thinking” and “applying”.