“one health” and climate change
TRANSCRIPT
“One Health” and Climate Change
Jakob Zinnstag
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• One Health theoretical foundation I- Example of rabies control
• One Health theoretical foundations II - Transdisciplinarity
• Application of One Health to mitigate the effects of Climate Change- Integrated environmental, animal and human disease surveillance –
response systems
Overview
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One Health Text Book
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Theoretical foundation I
Necessary (but not sufficient) requirements:Recognition of inextricable linkage of human, livestock, companion animal and wildlife health and the environment.
Sufficient requirements:Added value of health and wellbeing of humans and animals and/or financial savings, social resilience and environmental sustainability* from closer cooperation of human and animal health and other sectors.
„One Health“ requirements
*Simon Rüegg, 11.9.2018
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Is it profitable to control rabies by dog mass vaccination in African city?
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”6
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PEP alone
Dog vaccination and PEP
Comparative cost analysis
Cumulative Cost(animal+humans) <<Cumulative cost(humans) > 10 years
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• Considering academic and non-academic
• knowledge in the research process
• Value contributions of all stakeholders in the
• generation of knowledge
What is Transdisciplinarity?
Theoretical foundation II
MedicineHumanities
Society
Science
interdisciplinary
tran
sdis
cipl
inar
y
Emerging career profile
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Decision makers Concerned populationScientists
www.trandisciplinarity.ch
Non-academic actors become research partners
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Exposure in domestic animals
inci
denc
e / c
umul
ativ
e co
stClinical signsin domesticanimals
Presence ofpathogens in wildlifevectors, riverbanksediments, wastewaterdrinking water, …..
Exposure in humans
Clinical signsin humans
Humans seekmedical care
Cumulative societalcost of an outbreak
Environment-Ecosystem Social System
Social-Ecological System (SES)
time
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3. Juni 202112
Emerging diseases andRe-emerging diseases becauseof climate change Rift Valley Fever, West Nile Virus, MERS, Q-Fever, Covid-19 …
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Integrated human-animal-environmental surveillance-response systems
“research for [… ] vaccines should urgently be complemented by modifications to smallholder livestock systems and live-animal markets to prevent or reduce interactions between [wildlife] and [livestock], which might be reservoirs for future human [ …] pandemics”. “However, these implementations should be handled carefully to avoid impeding poverty …”
Zinsstag J, Schelling E, Wyss K, Bechir M. Potential of cooperation between human and animal health to strengthen health systems. Lancet. 2005 2005;Sect. 2142-5.
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Urgently needed improvements of biosecurity and animalwelfare in livestock production, transport and marketing.
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Exposure in animals
inci
denc
e/ c
ost
Clinical signsin animals
Presence ofpathogens in vectors, riverbanksediments, wastewaterdrinking water, …..
Exposure in humans
Clinical signsin humans
Humans seekmedical care
Cumulativesocietal costof an outbreak
1a) World Organization for Animal HealthPVS IHR
World Health Organization
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Exposure in animals
inci
denc
e / c
ost
Clinical signsin animals
Presence ofpathogens in vectors, riverbanksediments, wastewaterdrinking water, …..
Exposure in humans
Clinical signsin humans
Humans seekmedical care
Cumulative costof an outbreak
1b) Operationalization of One Health Governance (OHG)
PVS OHG IHR
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Exposure in animals
inci
denc
e/ c
ost
Clinical signsin animals
Presence ofpathogens in vectors, riverbanksediments, wastewaterdrinking water, …..
Exposure in humans
Clinical signsin humans
Humans seekmedical care
Cumulative costof an outbreak
1c)PVS OHG IHR
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Jijiga University One Health Initiative (JOHI) Initiative
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Integrated Surveillance-Response System in the Somali Regional State of Ethiopia (SDC funding)
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Conclusion
Integrated approaches like One Health have an important role to play in the mitigation of health effects of climate change and pandemic prevention
