on mirrors, tables and walls (and yes, girls too), now in context
DESCRIPTION
In a way, a sequel to the previous slides (http://www.slideshare.net/art-mirrors-art/gerard-ter-borch-an-elective-affinity-of-mirrors-and-brothels), about the mirrors of Gerard ter Borch. This time I try to show how mirrors had been depicted by many other Dutch painters of the Golden Age (including Pieter Codde, Caspar Netscher, Gabriël Metsu, Frans van Mieris, Pieter de Hooch, Cornelis de Man & Pieter Janssens Elinga). It is not a complete list by any means, but representative enough to also see the major changes with both 'mirror technology' and its perception and use by the society. You can also read the posting in my blog about this painters, and their mirrors: http://artmirrorsart.wordpress.com/2013/09/12/1212/TRANSCRIPT
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On mirrors, tables and walls (and yes, the girls too); but now in the context(s)
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The broader (European) context
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And more narrow Dutch context
Mirrors in the works by:
Frans Hals
Pieter Codde
Caspar Netscher
Gabriël Metsu
Frans van Mieris
Pieter de Hooch
Cornelis de Man
&
Pieter Janssens Elinga
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The siege (and fall) of Antwerp in 1585
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Frans Hals (1582 – 1666)
Self-portrait (c.1630)
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Portrait of a Dutch Family (1630)
No mirrors !
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Pieter Codde (1599 – 1678)
Self-portrait (c.1630)
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Cavaliers and Ladies (1633)
Table mirror set
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Sebastien Stoskopff - Vanity (c.1630s)
A beauty set?
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Woman combing her hair in front of a mirror (с.1625)
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Woman at her toilet (1630)
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Woman holding a mirror (1625)
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What is the meaning of that mirror?
She holds the mirror, not look at it
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(presumably) Self-portrait (c.1675)
Caspar Netscher (1639 – 1684)
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The visit (c. 1658) (after Gerard ter Borch’s Paternal Admonition)
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Lady at her toilette (c.1670)
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Young woman with a magnifying glass (?) (1667)
A magnifying glass – or a medallion of her future husband?
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Venus with Cupid (??)(c.1660s)
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Girl Standing before a Mirror (1668)
Mirror is a symbol of virginity – or a readiness to part with it?
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Rembrandt - Young woman trying earrings (1654)
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Portrait of a lady at her toilette, attended by a negro page with a dish of fruit
Or a bride with large dowry?
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A lady washing her hands (1657) … or preparing to be ‘consumed’ ?
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What is the meaning of this whole scene?
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Mother combing her son (1669)
Does she play with a mirror? Or with the symbol of her future marriage?
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Gabriël Metsu (1629-1667)
(presumably) Self-portrait (c.1652)
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Lady at the mirror (1667)
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Not one, but two mirrors!
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A Man Visiting a Woman Washing Her Hands (c. 1662)
…but the mirror is turned away.
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The Intruder (c. 1660)
…she actually doesn't’t mind to see (and to show him her ‘ mirror’)
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Woman reading a letter (1662)
Wall mirror, decorated with a ribbon
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A Hunter Visiting a Woman at her Toilet ( c. 1661)
Is her mirror ready to be shown?
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A Woman at her Mirror (1657)
One of a very few mirrors in these paintings that is actually ‘used‘
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Lady at a Virginal
Why would they cover the mirror? Only to protect from the sun?
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Frans van Mieris (1635-1681)
Self-portrait (c.1667)
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Woman in her bedroom with a dog (1670)
Mirror migrates from a table…
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Woman before the mirror (c.1670)
… to a wall – creating an entirely different way to look at herself!
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Pieter de Hooch (1629-1684)
Self-portrait (c.1655)
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Woman with a Water Pitcher, and a Man by a Bed (or The Maidservant) (1667)
Mirror firmly occupies the wall
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Leisure Time in an Elegant Setting (1663)
Mirror shrinks to a beam of light
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The bedroom (1658)
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One mirror, or two?
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And is the right one actually the mirror? Jan de Beer - The Birth of the Virgin (1520)
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Cornelis de Man (1621-1704)
Self-portrait (c.1670s)
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The Music Lesson (c.1670)
Mirror on a wall allows more interesting situations
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Geographers at Work (c.1675)
Liberating mirrors from a ‘female-only’ status
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Pieter Janssens Elinga (1623-1684)
Perspective boxes
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3D models of the Dutch houses of Golden Age
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Interior with a painter, his wife, and a maid (1676)
Still two different mirrors in a living room
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Interior with seated husband, his wife, and a maid (1670)
Gradually a table mirror migrates to another place
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Reading woman (1668) Maid in a Dutch house (1655) Wall mirrors will
lose the tables underneath
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One simple conclusion is that during the Golden Age the mirrors transformed from ‘ table gadgets only’ to hybrid formats, including wall mirrors, with different patterns of use.
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The second transformation is more elusive: mirrors seemingly lost their symbolic connotation of a sexual (matrimonial) marker, digressing to a merely functional gadget.
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